v0.7.4: probe-based introspection — remote shares classify, gparted bug fixed, Storage pagination

Introspection (the headline): detection is now probe-based. Instead of
grepping raw sectors for filename strings, we walk the ISO9660
directory tree and check whether the well-known boot files actually
exist — and the same probes run over NFS READ3 / SFTP seek-reads, so
share-hosted ISOs finally classify instead of registering as Unknown.

iso-store:
- New iso_fs module: the read-only ISO9660 walker (generalized from
  http-api) over an IsoReadAt trait — local files, NFS, SFTP, and the
  in-memory test images all share it. Iterative walk, 4 MiB directory
  cap, strict-mastering trailing-dot normalization (VMLINUZ.;1 now
  matches /vmlinuz), CachingReadAt collapses repeated directory reads
  during the probe pass (~60 → ~6 round-trips per remote ISO).
- introspect.rs rewritten (INTROSPECT_REV 2): PVD label → El Torito →
  /sources/boot.wim probe → verified Linux kernel+initrd probe table →
  local-only 16 MiB UDF-Windows scan → filename-token fallback.
  * Fixes the false-Windows bug: any Linux ISO shipping GRUB/syslinux
    chainload modules contains the literal "bootmgr", so gparted-live
    classified as WindowsPe. Linux probes now run first; the byte scan
    only sees ISOs nothing else claimed. Local ISOs re-probe once on
    startup via the rev bump — no re-upload.
  * Kernel entries are emitted only when kernel+initrd verifiably
    exist (no more guessed paths that 404 at boot). Debian-live /
    d-i netinst / CoreOS shapes classify for the UI but keep their
    working sanboot entries (their boot protocols need args we don't
    render yet; CoreOS additionally needs its embedded ignition).
  * Label + filename vocab extended: rhcos/coreos/openshift/okd,
    gparted/clonezilla/kali/tails, almalinux/rocky, sles, manjaro.
- NFS + SFTP managers: per-ISO IsoReadAt readers (READ3-at-offset with
  short-read looping / seek+read_exact), background introspection pass
  after each scan — entries register instantly with a provisional
  filename-based report (rev 0, optimistic sanboot preserved) and
  upgrade in place as probes land (30s/ISO timeout, failures keep the
  provisional). locate_in_iso() exposes the walker to the HTTP layer.
- remote_cache: introspection results persisted per protocol keyed
  share/path@size and gated on INTROSPECT_REV — container restarts
  re-probe only new/replaced ISOs; upgrades re-probe exactly once.
- SMB: smbclient can't seek, so SMB ISOs get the filename-token family
  (rev stays 0 → sanboot entry + "awaiting introspection" label).
- IsoStore::update_external_introspection swaps in completed reports
  and regenerates boot entries, preserving category/password.

http-api:
- /iso/{id}/{*path} now serves files from inside NFS/SFTP-hosted ISOs
  (remote ISO9660 lookup + ranged share stream) — verified kernel
  entries on remote Linux ISOs are actually bootable, end to end.
- iso_fs.rs deleted in favor of the shared iso-store module.
- full_flow fixtures build real directory trees via the shared
  test-image builder (new iso-store feature) — a label-only blob no
  longer earns a kernel entry, by design.

webui:
- Available images: paged 5 per page with a quiet footer pager
  (Showing X–Y of N · Prev/Next), filter-then-paginate, page resets on
  search input. Fifty images is five clean pages, not a scroll wall.
- Hosts/Queue profile: "Unattended file (in Storage → Advanced)" so
  the picker says where the files live.
- Row badge keys on introspect_rev: probed remote ISOs read like local
  ones; un-probed say "awaiting introspection".

Validation: clippy pedantic clean, fmt clean, 316 workspace tests
green (+17: walker, probe shapes incl. gparted regression + CoreOS,
filename table, cache round-trips), webui syntax-checked.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <[email protected]>

Cargo.toml

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ members = [
 ]
 
 [workspace.package]
-version = "0.6.0"
+version = "0.7.4"
 edition = "2021"
 rust-version = "1.95"
 license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
@@ -20,21 +20,23 @@ repository = "https://gitea.milesward.dev/mward4/OpenPXE"
 authors = ["OpenPXE contributors"]
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
-tokio = { version = "1.40", features = ["full"] }
+tokio = { version = "1.52", features = ["full"] }
 tokio-util = { version = "0.7", features = ["io"] }
 tokio-stream = { version = "0.1", features = ["sync"] }
 futures = "0.3"
 async-trait = "0.1"
 
-dhcproto = "0.12"
+# v0.6.2: dhcproto 0.15 drops the deprecated trust-dns-proto dependency
-socket2 = { version = "0.5", features = ["all"] }
+# (replaced by hickory-proto) and carries three releases of DHCP option
+# coverage accumulated upstream — both directly relevant to the proxy core.
+dhcproto = "0.15"
+socket2 = { version = "0.6", features = ["all"] }
 bytes = "1.7"
-nom = "7.1"
 
-axum = { version = "0.7", features = ["macros", "multipart", "http2"] }
+axum = { version = "0.8", features = ["macros", "multipart", "http2"] }
 tower = "0.5"
 tower-http = { version = "0.6", features = ["fs", "trace", "cors", "limit"] }
-hyper = "1.4"
+hyper = "1.9"
 reqwest = { version = "0.12", default-features = false, features = ["rustls-tls", "stream", "json"] }
 
 serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
@@ -52,9 +54,11 @@ thiserror = "2.0"
 clap = { version = "4.5", features = ["derive", "env"] }
 uuid = { version = "1.10", features = ["v4", "serde"] }
 time = { version = "0.3", features = ["serde", "serde-human-readable", "formatting", "macros"] }
+# sha2 stays 0.10 deliberately: bergshamra-crypto requires ^0.10, and
+# bumping to 0.11 would split the RustCrypto digest stack in the tree.
 sha2 = "0.10"
 hex = "0.4"
-bcrypt = "0.15"
+bcrypt = "0.19"
 parking_lot = "0.12"
 rust-embed = { version = "8.5", features = ["include-exclude"] }
 
@@ -76,7 +80,7 @@ lettre = { version = "0.11", default-features = false, features = ["smtp-transpo
 # C deps), so the static musl binary stays OpenSSL-free — samael was
 # rejected precisely because it hard-requires OpenSSL. We build the thin
 # SP layer (AuthnRequest, metadata parse, SAMLResponse semantics) on top.
-bergshamra = "0.4"
+bergshamra = "0.5"
 roxmltree = "0.21"
 quick-xml = "0.40"
 x509-parser = "0.18"
@@ -95,24 +99,19 @@ base64 = "0.22"
 # binary via rustls + bergshamra — so SFTP adds ZERO new C/crypto deps
 # and the static-musl build stays OpenSSL-free.
 #
-# CRITICAL #2 — pinned to EXACTLY 0.55.0, the newest russh that
+# CRITICAL #2 — history: this was pinned to =0.55.0 from v0.5.5 until
-# coexists with bergshamra-crypto (our SAML core). The RustCrypto
+# v0.6.3 because bergshamra-crypto pinned release-candidate RustCrypto
-# ecosystem is mid-transition: bergshamra-crypto pins a constellation of
+# crates that conflicted with the stable generation russh 0.56+ pulls.
-# release-CANDIDATE crates (`pkcs8 =0.11.0-rc.11` and its matching
+# bergshamra 0.5 (2026-06) moved to the stable generation (pkcs8 0.11),
-# pkcs5/spki RCs) that are API-incompatible with the STABLE versions of
+# lifting the pin. v0.6.3 bumps to 0.61+, which also closes a batch of
-# the same crates in the same semver bucket. russh 0.56+ pulls those
+# RUSTSEC advisories reachable from the SFTP *client* path (unbounded
-# stable crates (`pkcs5 0.8`), which silently replaces bergshamra's RC
+# allocations in packet parsing — CVE-2026-48110/-46702/-46673 et al.)
-# copies and breaks compilation. russh ≤0.55 stays on the previous stable
+# and drops mlock on non-secret buffers (~21% SSH throughput upstream).
-# generation (`pkcs5 0.7`, `ssh-key 0.6`), which unifies with bergshamra's
-# *stable* deps and leaves the RC bucket untouched — verified to compile.
-# 0.55 still has the merged `russh::keys` API (keys merged at 0.50).
-# IMPORTANT: do NOT bump russh past 0.55 until bergshamra-crypto adopts
-# the stable RustCrypto generation; 0.56+ will not compile in this tree.
 #
 # SCP was deliberately rejected: the protocol is sequential-only (no
 # random access → no HTTP Range, unlike SFTP/NFS) and the mature SCP
 # crates wrap libssh2 (C + OpenSSL), which would break this build.
-russh = { version = "=0.55.0", default-features = false, features = ["ring"] }
+russh = { version = "0.61", default-features = false, features = ["ring"] }
 russh-sftp = "2.3"
 
 openpxe-core = { path = "crates/core" }

README.md

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 </p>
 
 <p align="center">
-  <img alt="release"   src="https://img.shields.io/badge/release-v0.5.8-2874d7" />
+  <img alt="release"   src="https://img.shields.io/badge/release-v0.6.0-2874d7" />
   <img alt="license"   src="https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT%20%7C%20Apache--2.0-59824f" />
   <img alt="rust"      src="https://img.shields.io/badge/built%20with-Rust-fb8841?logo=rust&logoColor=white" />
   <img alt="container" src="https://img.shields.io/badge/container--native-OCI%20%C2%B7%20OpenShift-2496ED?logo=docker&logoColor=white" />
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ Upload `.iso` files (or point at a remote share), and any machine on the network
 them — Linux installers, live tools, or stock Windows setup — with **zero iPXE knowledge
 required by the operator.**
 
-> **Status — v0.5.5, late pre-beta.** The full PXE stack, web UI, remote ISO libraries
+> **Status — v0.6.0, late pre-beta.** The full PXE stack, web UI, remote ISO libraries
 > (SMB/NFS/SFTP), Windows deployment, queued fleet rollout, SAML SSO, and Prometheus
 > metrics are implemented and test-covered. The release checklist gates every tag on the
 > full test suite + `clippy`. Currently in real-hardware validation.

crates/core/src/arch.rs

@@ -23,6 +23,36 @@ pub enum ClientArch {
     Unknown(u16),
 }
 
+/// Which boot binary family to advertise to a client (v0.6.1, extended
+/// v0.7.0).
+///
+/// OpenPXE serves [`DriverMode::Firmware`] first (the firmware's own NIC
+/// stack, via `snponly`/`undionly`) and escalates a specific MAC
+/// automatically when a boot never completes its handoff:
+/// `Firmware → Builtin → Shim`. There is no operator toggle — the DHCP
+/// proxy decides per client.
+///
+/// The `Shim` rung (v0.7.0) covers Secure Boot: firmware with SB enabled
+/// downloads our unsigned iPXE fine but refuses to *execute* it, which
+/// looks exactly like a failed chainload. After both iPXE builds go
+/// unconfirmed, the client is offered the Microsoft-signed shim, which
+/// loads the signed GRUB, which fetches a server-rendered menu — a fully
+/// signed chain that boots signed distro kernels with SB still on.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Hash, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum DriverMode {
+    /// Reuse the firmware UNDI/SNP NIC stack (`snponly.efi`, `undionly.kpxe`).
+    /// Default, smallest, most reliable for chainloading.
+    #[default]
+    Firmware,
+    /// iPXE's own bundled NIC drivers (`ipxe.efi`, `ipxe.pxe`). Fallback for
+    /// hardware whose firmware NIC stack is missing or buggy.
+    Builtin,
+    /// Microsoft-signed shim + GRUB chain (`shimx64.efi`). Final fallback
+    /// for Secure-Boot-enabled UEFI clients that refuse unsigned iPXE.
+    Shim,
+}
+
 impl ClientArch {
     #[must_use]
     pub fn from_option_93(value: u16) -> Self {
@@ -39,21 +69,73 @@ impl ClientArch {
     /// Default iPXE binary filename to return via TFTP for this architecture.
     /// Uses `snponly` variants which reuse the firmware's UNDI/SNP network
     /// stack — smaller binaries and broader hardware compatibility than the
-    /// all-drivers-included `ipxe.efi`.
+    /// all-drivers-included `ipxe.efi`. Equivalent to
+    /// [`Self::ipxe_bootfile_mode`] with [`DriverMode::Firmware`]; kept as a
+    /// convenience for the common firmware-net path.
     #[must_use]
     pub fn ipxe_bootfile(self) -> Option<&'static str> {
-        Some(match self {
+        self.ipxe_bootfile_mode(DriverMode::Firmware)
-            Self::LegacyX86 => "undionly.kpxe",
+    }
-            Self::Ia32Uefi => "snponly-i386.efi",
+
-            Self::X64Uefi => "snponly.efi",
+    /// iPXE binary filename for this architecture under a given network
-            // ARM32 UEFI: upstream boot.ipxe.org does not publish a prebuilt
+    /// [`DriverMode`].
-            // snponly variant for this arch. We return None so the DHCP
+    ///
-            // proxy declines rather than advertising a file we can't serve.
+    /// * [`DriverMode::Firmware`] — the `snponly`/`undionly` builds that reuse
-            Self::Arm32Uefi | Self::Unknown(_) => return None,
+    ///   the firmware's UNDI/SNP NIC stack. Smallest, and the most reliable
-            Self::Arm64Uefi => "snponly-arm64.efi",
+    ///   choice for chainloading because the firmware just proved its network
+    ///   works by downloading the NBP. This is the default first attempt.
+    /// * [`DriverMode::Builtin`] — the all-drivers `ipxe.efi`/`ipxe.pxe`
+    ///   builds that carry iPXE's *own* NIC drivers. The automatic fallback
+    ///   for clients whose firmware NIC stack is missing or buggy (v0.6.1):
+    ///   the DHCP proxy escalates a MAC to this mode when a firmware-net boot
+    ///   never completes the iPXE handoff. iPXE still includes the `snp`
+    ///   driver here too, so it degrades gracefully.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn ipxe_bootfile_mode(self, mode: DriverMode) -> Option<&'static str> {
+        Some(match (self, mode) {
+            // Legacy x86 BIOS: UNDI (firmware) vs full native-driver build.
+            (Self::LegacyX86, DriverMode::Firmware) => "undionly.kpxe",
+            (Self::LegacyX86, DriverMode::Builtin) => "ipxe.pxe",
+            // IA32 UEFI.
+            (Self::Ia32Uefi, DriverMode::Firmware) => "snponly-i386.efi",
+            (Self::Ia32Uefi, DriverMode::Builtin) => "ipxe-i386.efi",
+            // No signed Shim chain for BIOS (no Secure Boot there) or
+            // IA32 UEFI (Fedora publishes no 32-bit shim; SB-on IA32
+            // clients are vanishingly rare). Same outcome as the
+            // no-binary arches below, listed separately for the comment.
+            #[allow(clippy::match_same_arms)]
+            (Self::LegacyX86 | Self::Ia32Uefi, DriverMode::Shim) => return None,
+            // x86_64 UEFI — the overwhelmingly common modern client.
+            (Self::X64Uefi, DriverMode::Firmware) => "snponly.efi",
+            (Self::X64Uefi, DriverMode::Builtin) => "ipxe.efi",
+            (Self::X64Uefi, DriverMode::Shim) => "shimx64.efi",
+            // ARM64 UEFI.
+            (Self::Arm64Uefi, DriverMode::Firmware) => "snponly-arm64.efi",
+            (Self::Arm64Uefi, DriverMode::Builtin) => "ipxe-arm64.efi",
+            (Self::Arm64Uefi, DriverMode::Shim) => "shimaa64.efi",
+            // ARM32 UEFI: upstream boot.ipxe.org publishes no prebuilt binary
+            // for this arch in any mode. Unknown arches likewise. Return
+            // None so the DHCP proxy declines rather than advertising a file
+            // we can't serve.
+            (Self::Arm32Uefi | Self::Unknown(_), _) => return None,
         })
     }
 
+    /// Like [`Self::ipxe_bootfile_mode`], but walks back down the
+    /// escalation ladder (`Shim → Builtin → Firmware`) when the requested
+    /// mode has no binary for this arch — e.g. a BIOS client whose
+    /// escalation state reached `Shim` (BIOS has no Secure Boot) falls
+    /// back to the all-drivers build instead of being ignored.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn bootfile_with_fallback(self, mode: DriverMode) -> Option<&'static str> {
+        let ladder: &[DriverMode] = match mode {
+            DriverMode::Shim => &[DriverMode::Shim, DriverMode::Builtin, DriverMode::Firmware],
+            DriverMode::Builtin => &[DriverMode::Builtin, DriverMode::Firmware],
+            DriverMode::Firmware => &[DriverMode::Firmware],
+        };
+        ladder.iter().find_map(|m| self.ipxe_bootfile_mode(*m))
+    }
+
     #[must_use]
     pub fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
         match self {
@@ -133,6 +215,103 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(ClientArch::Unknown(0xFFFF).ipxe_bootfile(), None);
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn bootfile_default_is_firmware_mode() {
+        // The convenience method must equal the explicit Firmware mode.
+        for a in [
+            ClientArch::LegacyX86,
+            ClientArch::Ia32Uefi,
+            ClientArch::X64Uefi,
+            ClientArch::Arm64Uefi,
+            ClientArch::Arm32Uefi,
+            ClientArch::Unknown(0x99),
+        ] {
+            assert_eq!(
+                a.ipxe_bootfile(),
+                a.ipxe_bootfile_mode(DriverMode::Firmware)
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn builtin_mode_maps_to_all_drivers_binaries() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::LegacyX86.ipxe_bootfile_mode(DriverMode::Builtin),
+            Some("ipxe.pxe")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::X64Uefi.ipxe_bootfile_mode(DriverMode::Builtin),
+            Some("ipxe.efi")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::Ia32Uefi.ipxe_bootfile_mode(DriverMode::Builtin),
+            Some("ipxe-i386.efi")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::Arm64Uefi.ipxe_bootfile_mode(DriverMode::Builtin),
+            Some("ipxe-arm64.efi")
+        );
+        // No binary for ARM32 / unknown in either mode.
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::Arm32Uefi.ipxe_bootfile_mode(DriverMode::Builtin),
+            None
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::Unknown(0x99).ipxe_bootfile_mode(DriverMode::Builtin),
+            None
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn driver_mode_default_is_firmware() {
+        assert_eq!(DriverMode::default(), DriverMode::Firmware);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn shim_mode_maps_to_signed_chain_on_uefi_only() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::X64Uefi.ipxe_bootfile_mode(DriverMode::Shim),
+            Some("shimx64.efi")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::Arm64Uefi.ipxe_bootfile_mode(DriverMode::Shim),
+            Some("shimaa64.efi")
+        );
+        // No Secure Boot on BIOS, no published 32-bit shim.
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::LegacyX86.ipxe_bootfile_mode(DriverMode::Shim),
+            None
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::Ia32Uefi.ipxe_bootfile_mode(DriverMode::Shim),
+            None
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn fallback_walks_down_the_ladder() {
+        // BIOS escalated to Shim → falls back to the all-drivers build.
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::LegacyX86.bootfile_with_fallback(DriverMode::Shim),
+            Some("ipxe.pxe")
+        );
+        // UEFI x64 at Shim gets the real shim.
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::X64Uefi.bootfile_with_fallback(DriverMode::Shim),
+            Some("shimx64.efi")
+        );
+        // Plain modes are unchanged.
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::X64Uefi.bootfile_with_fallback(DriverMode::Firmware),
+            Some("snponly.efi")
+        );
+        // Arches with nothing stay None.
+        assert_eq!(
+            ClientArch::Arm32Uefi.bootfile_with_fallback(DriverMode::Shim),
+            None
+        );
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn firmware_class_detects_ipxe_over_pxeclient() {
         let c = FirmwareClass::classify(Some(b"PXEClient:Arch:00007"), Some(b"iPXE"));

crates/core/src/auth.rs

@@ -125,9 +125,7 @@ impl AdminStore {
         {
             let mut g = self.inner.write();
             if g.admin.is_some() {
-                return Err(Error::Invalid(
+                return Err(Error::Invalid("admin account already configured".into()));
-                    "admin account already configured".into(),
-                ));
             }
             g.admin = Some(admin.clone());
         }

crates/core/src/boot_rules.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,369 @@
+//! Label-based boot rules + boot-decision webhook (v0.7.0).
+//!
+//! Generalizes [`crate::host_bindings::HostBindings`] (exact-MAC pins)
+//! into ordered, first-match-wins rules over what the boot chain knows
+//! about a client — MAC prefix (OUI or longer) and firmware
+//! architecture — plus an optional outbound webhook so external
+//! automation (CMDB, netbox, a shell script) can decide the boot target
+//! per machine, pixiecore-style.
+//!
+//! Decision order in the boot script handler, most-specific first:
+//!   1. exact per-MAC host binding (operator pin)
+//!   2. first matching enabled rule here
+//!   3. webhook, if configured (fail-open: timeout/error → menu)
+//!   4. interactive menu
+//!
+//! With no rules and no webhook configured the behavior is byte-for-byte
+//! what it was before this feature existed — no toggles to flip.
+//!
+//! Persisted to `<work_dir>/boot_rules.json` with the same "in-memory
+//! authoritative, disk is a crash cache, corruption falls back to empty"
+//! policy as the host bindings — a bad rules file must never block PXE.
+
+use crate::host_bindings::normalize_mac;
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+/// One ordered rule. All present (non-empty) selectors must match —
+/// empty selector fields match anything, so a rule with only `arch` set
+/// applies to every client of that architecture.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+pub struct BootRule {
+    /// Case-insensitive MAC prefix, `:`-separated (e.g. `dc:a6:32` for
+    /// an OUI, or longer). Empty = any MAC.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub mac_prefix: String,
+    /// Client architecture selector — matches `ClientArch::as_str()`
+    /// (`bios`, `uefi-x64`, `uefi-ia32`, `uefi-arm64`). Empty = any.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub arch: String,
+    /// Boot entry id (a `BootEntry::id`) or reserved menu name
+    /// (`_local`, `_queue`, …) to chain to when this rule matches.
+    /// May be empty for a rule that only pins a driver mode.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub target: String,
+    /// v0.7.1: optional first-boot binary pin — `""` (auto: let the
+    /// escalation ladder decide), `"firmware"`, `"builtin"`, or
+    /// `"shim"`. Lets an operator declare "this rack is all Secure
+    /// Boot → serve the signed chain immediately", skipping the
+    /// learn-by-failing walk entirely for known fleets.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub driver_mode: String,
+    /// Rules can be parked without deleting them.
+    #[serde(default = "default_true")]
+    pub enabled: bool,
+    /// Operator note shown in the UI (`"all Pi 4s"`, `"QA rack"`).
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub note: String,
+}
+
+fn default_true() -> bool {
+    true
+}
+
+/// The whole persisted config: ordered rules + optional webhook.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(default)]
+pub struct BootRulesConfig {
+    pub rules: Vec<BootRule>,
+    /// Optional boot-decision webhook URL. When set, unmatched boots GET
+    /// `<url>?mac=<mac>&arch=<arch>` and a `200 {"target": "<id>"}`
+    /// reply chains to that target. Anything else (404, timeout, bad
+    /// JSON) falls through to the menu. Empty = disabled.
+    pub webhook_url: String,
+}
+
+/// Store for the rules config. Cheap to clone; locks held briefly.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct BootRulesStore {
+    path: Arc<PathBuf>,
+    inner: Arc<RwLock<BootRulesConfig>>,
+}
+
+impl BootRulesStore {
+    /// Load from `work_dir/boot_rules.json`, or start empty if absent /
+    /// unreadable.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn load_or_default(work_dir: &std::path::Path) -> Self {
+        let path = work_dir.join("boot_rules.json");
+        let inner = match std::fs::read_to_string(&path) {
+            Ok(text) => match serde_json::from_str::<BootRulesConfig>(&text) {
+                Ok(cfg) => cfg,
+                Err(e) => {
+                    tracing::warn!(
+                        target: "openpxe::boot_rules",
+                        "boot_rules.json present but unreadable ({e}); starting empty"
+                    );
+                    BootRulesConfig::default()
+                }
+            },
+            Err(_) => BootRulesConfig::default(),
+        };
+        Self {
+            path: Arc::new(path),
+            inner: Arc::new(RwLock::new(inner)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Current config snapshot (for the API / UI).
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn snapshot(&self) -> BootRulesConfig {
+        self.inner.read().clone()
+    }
+
+    /// Replace the whole config (the UI saves the full table at once —
+    /// rules are ordered, so partial updates would be ambiguous).
+    pub fn replace(&self, mut cfg: BootRulesConfig) {
+        for r in &mut cfg.rules {
+            r.mac_prefix = normalize_mac(&r.mac_prefix);
+            r.arch = r.arch.trim().to_ascii_lowercase();
+            r.target = r.target.trim().to_string();
+            r.driver_mode = r.driver_mode.trim().to_ascii_lowercase();
+            r.note = r.note.trim().to_string();
+        }
+        cfg.webhook_url = cfg.webhook_url.trim().to_string();
+        *self.inner.write() = cfg;
+        self.persist();
+    }
+
+    /// Webhook URL, when configured.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn webhook_url(&self) -> Option<String> {
+        let g = self.inner.read();
+        if g.webhook_url.is_empty() {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(g.webhook_url.clone())
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// First enabled rule matching `(mac, arch)`, in stored order.
+    /// `arch` is the `ClientArch::as_str()` form when the boot chain
+    /// passed one along, `None` otherwise (older chains).
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn match_target(&self, mac: &str, arch: Option<&str>) -> Option<String> {
+        self.first_match(mac, arch, |r| {
+            (!r.target.is_empty()).then(|| r.target.clone())
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// v0.7.1: first enabled rule that pins a driver mode for `(mac,
+    /// arch)`. Consulted by the DHCP proxy *before* the automatic
+    /// escalation ladder — an operator who knows a rack is all Secure
+    /// Boot pins it to `shim` and those machines never walk the ladder.
+    /// Unknown mode strings are ignored (forward compatibility).
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn driver_mode_hint(&self, mac: &str, arch: Option<&str>) -> Option<crate::DriverMode> {
+        self.first_match(mac, arch, |r| match r.driver_mode.as_str() {
+            "firmware" => Some(crate::DriverMode::Firmware),
+            "builtin" => Some(crate::DriverMode::Builtin),
+            "shim" => Some(crate::DriverMode::Shim),
+            _ => None,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Shared rule-matching walk: returns the first `extract` result from
+    /// an enabled rule whose selectors match. Rules that match but yield
+    /// `None` from `extract` (e.g. no target set, or no driver mode set)
+    /// don't stop the walk — target rules and mode-pin rules coexist.
+    fn first_match<T>(
+        &self,
+        mac: &str,
+        arch: Option<&str>,
+        extract: impl Fn(&BootRule) -> Option<T>,
+    ) -> Option<T> {
+        let mac = normalize_mac(mac);
+        let g = self.inner.read();
+        for r in &g.rules {
+            if !r.enabled {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if !r.mac_prefix.is_empty() && !mac.starts_with(r.mac_prefix.as_str()) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if !r.arch.is_empty() {
+                // An arch-selective rule can only match when the chain
+                // told us the client's arch.
+                match arch {
+                    Some(a) if a.eq_ignore_ascii_case(&r.arch) => {}
+                    _ => continue,
+                }
+            }
+            if let Some(v) = extract(r) {
+                return Some(v);
+            }
+        }
+        None
+    }
+
+    fn persist(&self) {
+        let snap = self.inner.read().clone();
+        let body = match serde_json::to_vec_pretty(&snap) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::warn!(target: "openpxe::boot_rules", "serialize boot_rules.json: {e}");
+                return;
+            }
+        };
+        if let Some(parent) = self.path.parent() {
+            let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(parent);
+        }
+        let tmp = self.path.with_extension("json.tmp");
+        if let Err(e) = std::fs::write(&tmp, body) {
+            tracing::warn!(target: "openpxe::boot_rules", "write boot_rules.json tmp: {e}");
+            return;
+        }
+        if let Err(e) = std::fs::rename(&tmp, self.path.as_path()) {
+            tracing::warn!(target: "openpxe::boot_rules", "rename boot_rules.json: {e}");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use tempfile::tempdir;
+
+    fn rule(mac_prefix: &str, arch: &str, target: &str) -> BootRule {
+        BootRule {
+            mac_prefix: mac_prefix.into(),
+            arch: arch.into(),
+            target: target.into(),
+            driver_mode: String::new(),
+            enabled: true,
+            note: String::new(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn driver_mode_hint_pins_known_modes_and_ignores_unknown() {
+        let dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let s = BootRulesStore::load_or_default(dir.path());
+        let mut sb_rack = rule("aa:bb:cc", "", "");
+        sb_rack.driver_mode = "SHIM".into(); // normalized on replace
+        let mut weird = rule("11:22:33", "", "");
+        weird.driver_mode = "quantum".into(); // unknown → ignored
+        s.replace(BootRulesConfig {
+            rules: vec![sb_rack, weird],
+            webhook_url: String::new(),
+        });
+        assert_eq!(
+            s.driver_mode_hint("aa:bb:cc:00:00:01", None),
+            Some(crate::DriverMode::Shim)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(s.driver_mode_hint("11:22:33:00:00:01", None), None);
+        assert_eq!(s.driver_mode_hint("99:99:99:00:00:01", None), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mode_pin_rule_does_not_shadow_later_target_rule() {
+        // A mode-only rule and a target rule can both apply to the same
+        // client: the mode pin must not consume the target walk.
+        let dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let s = BootRulesStore::load_or_default(dir.path());
+        let mut pin = rule("aa:bb", "", "");
+        pin.driver_mode = "builtin".into();
+        s.replace(BootRulesConfig {
+            rules: vec![pin, rule("aa:bb", "", "rack-image")],
+            webhook_url: String::new(),
+        });
+        assert_eq!(
+            s.driver_mode_hint("aa:bb:00:00:00:01", None),
+            Some(crate::DriverMode::Builtin)
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            s.match_target("aa:bb:00:00:00:01", None).as_deref(),
+            Some("rack-image")
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn empty_config_matches_nothing() {
+        let dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let s = BootRulesStore::load_or_default(dir.path());
+        assert!(s
+            .match_target("aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff", Some("uefi-x64"))
+            .is_none());
+        assert!(s.webhook_url().is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn first_match_wins_in_order() {
+        let dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let s = BootRulesStore::load_or_default(dir.path());
+        s.replace(BootRulesConfig {
+            rules: vec![
+                rule("aa:bb:cc", "", "rack-image"),
+                rule("", "", "catch-all"),
+            ],
+            webhook_url: String::new(),
+        });
+        assert_eq!(
+            s.match_target("AA-BB-CC-00-00-01", None).as_deref(),
+            Some("rack-image")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            s.match_target("11:22:33:44:55:66", None).as_deref(),
+            Some("catch-all")
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn arch_selector_requires_known_arch() {
+        let dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let s = BootRulesStore::load_or_default(dir.path());
+        s.replace(BootRulesConfig {
+            rules: vec![rule("", "uefi-arm64", "arm-image")],
+            webhook_url: String::new(),
+        });
+        assert_eq!(
+            s.match_target("aa:bb:cc:00:00:01", Some("uefi-arm64"))
+                .as_deref(),
+            Some("arm-image")
+        );
+        // Wrong arch, or arch unknown to the chain → no match.
+        assert!(s.match_target("aa:bb:cc:00:00:01", Some("bios")).is_none());
+        assert!(s.match_target("aa:bb:cc:00:00:01", None).is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn disabled_rules_are_skipped() {
+        let dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let s = BootRulesStore::load_or_default(dir.path());
+        let mut r = rule("", "", "x");
+        r.enabled = false;
+        s.replace(BootRulesConfig {
+            rules: vec![r],
+            webhook_url: String::new(),
+        });
+        assert!(s.match_target("aa:bb:cc:00:00:01", None).is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn config_round_trips_to_disk() {
+        let dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let s = BootRulesStore::load_or_default(dir.path());
+        s.replace(BootRulesConfig {
+            rules: vec![rule("DC-A6-32", "", "pi-image")],
+            webhook_url: "  http://automation/boot  ".into(),
+        });
+        drop(s);
+        let s2 = BootRulesStore::load_or_default(dir.path());
+        // Prefix was normalized on replace, webhook trimmed.
+        assert_eq!(
+            s2.match_target("dc:a6:32:01:02:03", None).as_deref(),
+            Some("pi-image")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(s2.webhook_url().as_deref(), Some("http://automation/boot"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn corrupt_file_falls_back_to_empty() {
+        let dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(dir.path().join("boot_rules.json"), b"{nope").unwrap();
+        let s = BootRulesStore::load_or_default(dir.path());
+        assert!(s.snapshot().rules.is_empty());
+    }
+}

crates/core/src/boot_tokens.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+//! One-time(ish) access tokens for unattended answer files (v0.7.0).
+//!
+//! Why: answer files routinely embed credentials (local admin passwords,
+//! domain-join accounts, root hashes). Serving them to anyone who can
+//! GET `/unattended/<id>` is exactly the exposure that got WDS
+//! hands-free deployment disabled upstream (CVE-2026-0386 hardening
+//! guidance). OpenPXE generates every answer-file URL it injects into a
+//! boot chain, so it can scope each URL to the boot that requested it:
+//! when a boot script is rendered, a short-lived token is minted and
+//! appended; the serving endpoint requires it (or a logged-in operator
+//! session, so browser testing keeps working).
+//!
+//! Deliberately multi-use within the TTL rather than strictly one-shot:
+//! real installers fetch the same file more than once (initramfs +
+//! installer stage, cloud-init retries), and the token's job is to stop
+//! *unrelated* hosts from harvesting credentials, not to count fetches.
+//!
+//! In-memory only. A server restart invalidates outstanding tokens —
+//! acceptable because a restart also interrupts the ISO streaming an
+//! in-flight install depends on, and the next boot mints fresh ones.
+
+use parking_lot::Mutex;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+use uuid::Uuid;
+
+/// Long enough to cover a slow OS install end-to-end (the answer file is
+/// fetched early, but cloud-init can re-read late), short enough that a
+/// leaked URL goes stale the same afternoon.
+const TOKEN_TTL: Duration = Duration::from_hours(4);
+
+/// Hard cap on outstanding tokens; past it the oldest is evicted. Tokens
+/// are minted once per boot-script render, so this only matters under
+/// abuse, and serving must never become a memory-growth vector.
+const MAX_TOKENS: usize = 4096;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct Grant {
+    file_id: String,
+    issued: Instant,
+}
+
+/// In-memory token table. Cheap to clone (`Arc`-shared).
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+pub struct BootTokens {
+    inner: std::sync::Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, Grant>>>,
+}
+
+impl BootTokens {
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+
+    /// Mint a token granting access to unattended file `file_id` for the
+    /// next [`TOKEN_TTL`]. Returns the opaque token value to embed in the
+    /// generated URL.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn mint(&self, file_id: &str) -> String {
+        self.mint_at(file_id, Instant::now())
+    }
+
+    /// Is `token` a live grant for `file_id`?
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn check(&self, token: &str, file_id: &str) -> bool {
+        self.check_at(token, file_id, Instant::now())
+    }
+
+    fn mint_at(&self, file_id: &str, now: Instant) -> String {
+        let token = Uuid::new_v4().simple().to_string();
+        let mut g = self.inner.lock();
+        g.retain(|_, gr| now.duration_since(gr.issued) < TOKEN_TTL);
+        if g.len() >= MAX_TOKENS {
+            if let Some(oldest) = g
+                .iter()
+                .min_by_key(|(_, gr)| gr.issued)
+                .map(|(k, _)| k.clone())
+            {
+                g.remove(&oldest);
+            }
+        }
+        g.insert(
+            token.clone(),
+            Grant {
+                file_id: file_id.to_string(),
+                issued: now,
+            },
+        );
+        token
+    }
+
+    fn check_at(&self, token: &str, file_id: &str, now: Instant) -> bool {
+        let g = self.inner.lock();
+        g.get(token)
+            .is_some_and(|gr| gr.file_id == file_id && now.duration_since(gr.issued) < TOKEN_TTL)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn mint_then_check_round_trip() {
+        let t = BootTokens::new();
+        let tok = t.mint("ks-1");
+        assert!(t.check(&tok, "ks-1"));
+        // Multi-use within TTL: a second fetch still passes.
+        assert!(t.check(&tok, "ks-1"));
+        // Wrong file id never passes, even with a live token.
+        assert!(!t.check(&tok, "ks-2"));
+        // Unknown token never passes.
+        assert!(!t.check("nope", "ks-1"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn token_expires_after_ttl() {
+        let t = BootTokens::new();
+        let now = Instant::now();
+        let tok = t.mint_at("ks-1", now);
+        let just_before = TOKEN_TTL.checked_sub(Duration::from_secs(1)).unwrap();
+        assert!(t.check_at(&tok, "ks-1", now + just_before));
+        assert!(!t.check_at(&tok, "ks-1", now + TOKEN_TTL + Duration::from_secs(1)));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn table_is_capped() {
+        let t = BootTokens::new();
+        let now = Instant::now();
+        let first = t.mint_at("f", now);
+        for i in 0..MAX_TOKENS {
+            let _ = t.mint_at(&format!("f{i}"), now + Duration::from_secs(1));
+        }
+        // The oldest grant was evicted to stay within the cap.
+        assert!(!t.check_at(&first, "f", now + Duration::from_secs(2)));
+        assert!(t.inner.lock().len() <= MAX_TOKENS);
+    }
+}

crates/core/src/client.rs

@@ -12,11 +12,9 @@ use time::OffsetDateTime;
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub enum ClientEvent {
     DhcpDiscover,
-    DhcpRequest,
     PxeBootServerRequest,
     TftpRead { file: String },
     HttpScriptFetch { target: String },
-    HttpIsoAsset { file: String },
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
@@ -32,8 +30,6 @@ pub struct ClientSnapshot {
     // Events are left with default serialization (9-tuple) — they're
     // diagnostic only and not consumed by the UI today.
     pub events: Vec<(OffsetDateTime, ClientEvent)>,
-    /// The boot target (ISO id) last selected via the iPXE menu, if any.
-    pub selected_target: Option<String>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Default)]
@@ -66,7 +62,6 @@ impl ClientRegistry {
                 first_seen: now,
                 last_seen: now,
                 events: Vec::new(),
-                selected_target: None,
             });
         entry.last_seen = now;
         if ip.is_some() {
@@ -84,13 +79,6 @@ impl ClientRegistry {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn set_selected_target(&self, mac: &str, target: Option<String>) {
-        let mut guard = self.inner.write();
-        if let Some(c) = guard.get_mut(mac) {
-            c.selected_target = target;
-        }
-    }
-
     #[must_use]
     pub fn list(&self) -> Vec<ClientSnapshot> {
         let guard = self.inner.read();
@@ -99,9 +87,4 @@ impl ClientRegistry {
         v.sort_by_key(|c| std::cmp::Reverse(c.last_seen));
         v
     }
-
-    #[must_use]
-    pub fn get(&self, mac: &str) -> Option<ClientSnapshot> {
-        self.inner.read().get(mac).cloned()
-    }
 }

crates/core/src/config.rs

@@ -40,10 +40,6 @@ pub struct NetworkConfig {
     pub dhcp_port: u16,
     /// UDP port for PXE Boot Server discovery. Standard is 4011.
     pub pxe_port: u16,
-    /// Optional allowlist of client MAC prefixes (OUI). Empty = serve everyone.
-    pub mac_allowlist: Vec<String>,
-    /// Optional allowlist of subnets (CIDR). Empty = serve everyone.
-    pub subnet_allowlist: Vec<String>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Default)]
@@ -105,8 +101,6 @@ impl Default for NetworkConfig {
             dhcp_bind: IpAddr::V4(Ipv4Addr::UNSPECIFIED),
             dhcp_port: 67,
             pxe_port: 4011,
-            mac_allowlist: Vec::new(),
-            subnet_allowlist: Vec::new(),
         }
     }
 }

crates/core/src/lib.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@
 pub mod arch;
 pub mod auth;
 pub mod boot_log;
+pub mod boot_rules;
+pub mod boot_tokens;
 pub mod branding;
 pub mod client;
 pub mod config;
@@ -21,9 +23,11 @@ pub mod settings;
 pub mod sso;
 pub mod wol;
 
-pub use arch::{ClientArch, FirmwareClass};
+pub use arch::{ClientArch, DriverMode, FirmwareClass};
 pub use auth::{AdminAccount, AdminPublic, AdminStore};
 pub use boot_log::{BootEvent, BootLog};
+pub use boot_rules::{BootRule, BootRulesConfig, BootRulesStore};
+pub use boot_tokens::BootTokens;
 pub use branding::{ext_for_mime, BrandingStore, LogoSlot, ALLOWED_LOGO_MIMES, MAX_LOGO_BYTES};
 pub use client::{ClientEvent, ClientRegistry, ClientSnapshot};
 pub use config::{Config, DhcpMode, NetworkConfig, Paths, ServerConfig};

crates/core/src/notify.rs

@@ -303,7 +303,10 @@ mod tests {
             smtp_host: "smtp.example.com".into(),
             ..Default::default()
         });
-        assert!(matches!(r, Err(Error::Invalid(_))), "missing recipient should reject");
+        assert!(
+            matches!(r, Err(Error::Invalid(_))),
+            "missing recipient should reject"
+        );
         s.replace(NotifyConfig {
             enabled: true,
             kind: NotifyKind::Smtp,

crates/core/src/wol.rs

@@ -181,10 +181,7 @@ mod tests {
             Ipv4Addr::new(192, 168, 1, 255)
         );
         assert_eq!(
-            subnet_broadcast(
+            subnet_broadcast(Ipv4Addr::new(10, 5, 3, 7), Ipv4Addr::new(255, 255, 0, 0)),
-                Ipv4Addr::new(10, 5, 3, 7),
-                Ipv4Addr::new(255, 255, 0, 0)
-            ),
             Ipv4Addr::new(10, 5, 255, 255)
         );
     }
@@ -196,7 +193,8 @@ mod tests {
         // and confirm send_magic transmits the exact 102-byte packet.
         let rx = UdpSocket::bind(SocketAddrV4::new(Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST, 0)).unwrap();
         let port = rx.local_addr().unwrap().port();
-        rx.set_read_timeout(Some(std::time::Duration::from_secs(2))).unwrap();
+        rx.set_read_timeout(Some(std::time::Duration::from_secs(2)))
+            .unwrap();
 
         let packet = magic_packet([0x0a, 0x1b, 0x2c, 0x3d, 0x4e, 0x5f]);
         let sent = send_magic(&packet, &[Ipv4Addr::LOCALHOST], port).unwrap();

crates/dhcp-proxy/Cargo.toml

@@ -18,3 +18,9 @@ tracing.workspace = true
 thiserror.workspace = true
 anyhow.workspace = true
 bytes.workspace = true
+parking_lot.workspace = true
+# v0.7.1: learned driver modes persist to <work_dir>/driver_modes.json.
+serde_json.workspace = true
+
+[dev-dependencies]
+tempfile = "3.12"

crates/dhcp-proxy/src/escalation.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,494 @@
+//! Automatic per-MAC boot-binary escalation (v0.6.1, extended v0.7.x).
+//!
+//! OpenPXE serves the firmware-net iPXE build (`snponly`/`undionly`) by
+//! default — it's the most reliable choice for chainloading because the
+//! firmware just proved its network works by downloading the NBP. Two
+//! classes of machine can't run it:
+//!
+//! * a minority of NICs have a missing or buggy firmware UNDI/SNP stack —
+//!   they TFTP the binary fine but iPXE can't bring the link up;
+//! * Secure-Boot firmware downloads it fine but refuses to *execute* an
+//!   unsigned image.
+//!
+//! Both look identical from here: the tell-tale second DHCP DISCOVER
+//! carrying the `iPXE` user-class never arrives and the machine
+//! re-PXE-boots. So a fresh firmware DISCOVER from a MAC whose previous
+//! attempt was never confirmed climbs one rung:
+//! `Firmware → Builtin → Shim` (the signed shim+GRUB chain). The decision
+//! is sticky; there is no operator toggle; the default path is unchanged
+//! so hardware that already boots never regresses.
+//!
+//! v0.7.1 — **learned modes persist**. Walking the ladder costs one or
+//! two failed boot cycles, so a machine should pay it once *ever*, not
+//! once per idle window or server restart. Two events pin a MAC's mode
+//! to disk (`<work_dir>/driver_modes.json`):
+//!
+//! * a confirmed iPXE handoff at a non-default mode (Builtin proved to
+//!   work — also Shim, via the GRUB→iPXE same-boot chainload);
+//! * reaching the terminal Shim rung (Secure-Boot machines never produce
+//!   an iPXE handoff from the signed menu, so escalation itself is the
+//!   best knowledge we'll ever have).
+//!
+//! Pinned entries are immune to the TTL and reload at startup. The
+//! operator escape hatch is a rules-level driver-mode pin (which
+//! overrides this table entirely) or deleting `driver_modes.json`.
+
+use openpxe_core::DriverMode;
+use parking_lot::Mutex;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
+
+/// Multiple DISCOVERs within this window belong to the *same* boot (DHCP
+/// retransmits, plus the :4011 PXE Boot Server query that follows the :67
+/// DISCOVER). They must not be mistaken for a failed-and-retried boot.
+const SAME_BOOT_DEBOUNCE: Duration = Duration::from_secs(8);
+
+/// Forget an *unpinned* MAC's state after this long with no activity, so
+/// a transient mid-walk state doesn't linger and the map stays bounded.
+/// Pinned (learned) entries are exempt — that's their whole point.
+const ENTRY_TTL: Duration = Duration::from_mins(30);
+
+/// Hard cap on tracked MACs. Past this we evict the least-recently-seen
+/// entry (unpinned first) — escalation is best-effort, never a
+/// memory-growth vector.
+const MAX_ENTRIES: usize = 4096;
+
+/// How often (at most) the whole map is swept for expired entries.
+/// Correctness doesn't depend on the sweep — a stale entry is also
+/// detected inline when its MAC next appears — so the sweep only bounds
+/// memory for MACs that never return, and amortizing it keeps the
+/// per-packet path O(1) instead of O(map).
+const PRUNE_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_mins(1);
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+struct Entry {
+    mode: DriverMode,
+    /// True once we've served `mode` and are waiting for the iPXE handoff to
+    /// confirm it worked. A *new* boot arriving while this is still true means
+    /// the previous attempt failed and we should escalate.
+    awaiting_confirm: bool,
+    /// Learned mode (v0.7.1): persisted to disk, exempt from the TTL.
+    pinned: bool,
+    last_seen: Instant,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct Inner {
+    map: HashMap<String, Entry>,
+    /// When the last full TTL sweep ran — see [`PRUNE_INTERVAL`].
+    last_prune: Instant,
+}
+
+impl Default for Inner {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            map: HashMap::new(),
+            last_prune: Instant::now(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Tracks per-MAC driver-mode escalation. Cheap to share via `Arc`.
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+pub struct DriverEscalation {
+    inner: Mutex<Inner>,
+    /// Persistence target for learned modes; `None` = ephemeral (tests).
+    path: Option<Arc<PathBuf>>,
+}
+
+impl DriverEscalation {
+    /// Ephemeral instance (no persistence) — used by tests.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self::default()
+    }
+
+    /// Instance backed by `<work_dir>/driver_modes.json`. Learned modes
+    /// from previous runs are reloaded as pinned entries; a missing or
+    /// corrupt file starts empty (same crash-cache policy as every other
+    /// store — a bad file must never block PXE).
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn load_or_default(work_dir: &Path) -> Self {
+        let path = work_dir.join("driver_modes.json");
+        let mut map = HashMap::new();
+        if let Ok(text) = std::fs::read_to_string(&path) {
+            match serde_json::from_str::<HashMap<String, DriverMode>>(&text) {
+                Ok(loaded) => {
+                    let now = Instant::now();
+                    for (mac, mode) in loaded {
+                        // Firmware is the default — persisting it would be
+                        // noise; tolerate it in the file but don't track it.
+                        if mode == DriverMode::Firmware {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        map.insert(
+                            mac,
+                            Entry {
+                                mode,
+                                awaiting_confirm: false,
+                                pinned: true,
+                                last_seen: now,
+                            },
+                        );
+                    }
+                    tracing::info!(
+                        target: "openpxe::dhcp",
+                        learned = map.len(),
+                        "loaded learned driver modes"
+                    );
+                }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    tracing::warn!(
+                        target: "openpxe::dhcp",
+                        "driver_modes.json present but unreadable ({e}); starting empty"
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Self {
+            inner: Mutex::new(Inner {
+                map,
+                last_prune: Instant::now(),
+            }),
+            path: Some(Arc::new(path)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Decide the driver mode for a firmware (PXEClient/HTTPClient) boot from
+    /// `mac`. `primary` is true for the main DHCP DISCOVER (:67) and false for
+    /// the PXE Boot Server query (:4011); only the primary path drives
+    /// escalation, and only when it's clearly a *new* boot (outside the
+    /// same-boot debounce). The :4011 path just echoes the current mode.
+    pub fn mode_for_firmware_attempt(&self, mac: &str, primary: bool) -> DriverMode {
+        self.decide_at(mac, primary, Instant::now())
+    }
+
+    /// Record that `mac` completed the iPXE handoff (a DISCOVER carrying the
+    /// `iPXE` user-class). The mode we last served worked, so stop awaiting
+    /// confirmation, keep it sticky, and — for non-default modes — pin it to
+    /// disk so the machine never re-walks the ladder (v0.7.1).
+    pub fn mark_ipxe_success(&self, mac: &str) {
+        self.confirm_at(mac, Instant::now());
+    }
+
+    fn decide_at(&self, mac: &str, primary: bool, now: Instant) -> DriverMode {
+        let (mode, snapshot) = {
+            let mut g = self.inner.lock();
+            if now.duration_since(g.last_prune) >= PRUNE_INTERVAL {
+                g.map
+                    .retain(|_, e| e.pinned || now.duration_since(e.last_seen) < ENTRY_TTL);
+                g.last_prune = now;
+            }
+            // Inline staleness check: an unpinned MAC whose entry outlived
+            // the TTL starts fresh even when the amortized sweep above
+            // hasn't caught it yet. Pinned entries never go stale.
+            if g.map
+                .get(mac)
+                .is_some_and(|e| !e.pinned && now.duration_since(e.last_seen) >= ENTRY_TTL)
+            {
+                g.map.remove(mac);
+            }
+
+            let mut newly_pinned = false;
+            let mode = match g.map.get_mut(mac) {
+                None => {
+                    g.map.insert(
+                        mac.to_owned(),
+                        Entry {
+                            mode: DriverMode::Firmware,
+                            // Only the primary DISCOVER opens a confirmation window.
+                            awaiting_confirm: primary,
+                            pinned: false,
+                            last_seen: now,
+                        },
+                    );
+                    if g.map.len() > MAX_ENTRIES {
+                        evict_oldest(&mut g.map);
+                    }
+                    DriverMode::Firmware
+                }
+                Some(entry) => {
+                    let recent = now.duration_since(entry.last_seen) < SAME_BOOT_DEBOUNCE;
+                    if primary && !recent {
+                        // A genuinely new boot. If the previous attempt was
+                        // never confirmed, the build we served failed → climb
+                        // one rung: Firmware (firmware NIC stack) → Builtin
+                        // (iPXE's own drivers) → Shim (signed shim+GRUB —
+                        // covers Secure Boot firmware that downloads our
+                        // unsigned iPXE but refuses to execute it). Shim is
+                        // terminal and pins to disk: SB machines never emit
+                        // an iPXE handoff from the signed menu, so reaching
+                        // the rung *is* the durable knowledge.
+                        if entry.awaiting_confirm {
+                            entry.mode = match entry.mode {
+                                DriverMode::Firmware => DriverMode::Builtin,
+                                DriverMode::Builtin | DriverMode::Shim => DriverMode::Shim,
+                            };
+                            if entry.mode == DriverMode::Shim && !entry.pinned {
+                                entry.pinned = true;
+                                newly_pinned = true;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        entry.awaiting_confirm = true;
+                    }
+                    entry.last_seen = now;
+                    entry.mode
+                }
+            };
+            (mode, newly_pinned.then(|| pinned_snapshot(&g.map)))
+        };
+        if let Some(s) = snapshot {
+            self.persist(&s);
+        }
+        mode
+    }
+
+    fn confirm_at(&self, mac: &str, now: Instant) {
+        let snapshot = {
+            let mut g = self.inner.lock();
+            let Some(e) = g.map.get_mut(mac) else {
+                return;
+            };
+            e.awaiting_confirm = false;
+            e.last_seen = now;
+            // A proven non-default mode is worth remembering forever —
+            // the machine demonstrably can't use the default path.
+            if e.mode != DriverMode::Firmware && !e.pinned {
+                e.pinned = true;
+                Some(pinned_snapshot(&g.map))
+            } else {
+                None
+            }
+        };
+        if let Some(s) = snapshot {
+            self.persist(&s);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Best-effort atomic write of the learned-mode table. No-op for
+    /// ephemeral instances. Failure logs and moves on — persistence is an
+    /// optimization, never a correctness requirement.
+    fn persist(&self, snapshot: &HashMap<String, DriverMode>) {
+        let Some(path) = &self.path else { return };
+        let body = match serde_json::to_vec_pretty(snapshot) {
+            Ok(b) => b,
+            Err(e) => {
+                tracing::warn!(target: "openpxe::dhcp", "serialize driver_modes.json: {e}");
+                return;
+            }
+        };
+        if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+            let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(parent);
+        }
+        let tmp = path.with_extension("json.tmp");
+        if let Err(e) = std::fs::write(&tmp, body) {
+            tracing::warn!(target: "openpxe::dhcp", "write driver_modes.json tmp: {e}");
+            return;
+        }
+        if let Err(e) = std::fs::rename(&tmp, path.as_path()) {
+            tracing::warn!(target: "openpxe::dhcp", "rename driver_modes.json: {e}");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn pinned_snapshot(map: &HashMap<String, Entry>) -> HashMap<String, DriverMode> {
+    map.iter()
+        .filter(|(_, e)| e.pinned)
+        .map(|(k, e)| (k.clone(), e.mode))
+        .collect()
+}
+
+fn evict_oldest(map: &mut HashMap<String, Entry>) {
+    // Prefer evicting an unpinned entry; only touch learned modes when
+    // the whole table is pinned (4096 learned machines — at that point
+    // the operator has bigger questions than our memory bound).
+    let pick = |pinned: bool| {
+        map.iter()
+            .filter(|(_, e)| e.pinned == pinned)
+            .min_by_key(|(_, e)| e.last_seen)
+            .map(|(k, _)| k.clone())
+    };
+    if let Some(oldest) = pick(false).or_else(|| pick(true)) {
+        map.remove(&oldest);
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use tempfile::tempdir;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn firmware_first_then_escalates_on_unconfirmed_retry() {
+        let e = DriverEscalation::new();
+        let t0 = Instant::now();
+        // Boot 1, primary DISCOVER: firmware.
+        assert_eq!(e.decide_at("aa", true, t0), DriverMode::Firmware);
+        // Same boot's :4011 query (+1s, within debounce): still firmware, no escalation.
+        assert_eq!(
+            e.decide_at("aa", false, t0 + Duration::from_secs(1)),
+            DriverMode::Firmware
+        );
+        // Firmware net failed → no iPXE handoff → machine re-PXE-boots much
+        // later: escalate to builtin drivers.
+        assert_eq!(
+            e.decide_at("aa", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(1)),
+            DriverMode::Builtin
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn builtin_is_sticky_after_success() {
+        let e = DriverEscalation::new();
+        let t0 = Instant::now();
+        assert_eq!(e.decide_at("bb", true, t0), DriverMode::Firmware);
+        assert_eq!(
+            e.decide_at("bb", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(1)),
+            DriverMode::Builtin
+        );
+        // Builtin worked this time — confirm the handoff.
+        e.confirm_at("bb", t0 + Duration::from_secs(61));
+        // Next cold boot goes straight to builtin (no wasted firmware attempt).
+        assert_eq!(
+            e.decide_at("bb", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(2)),
+            DriverMode::Builtin
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn confirmed_firmware_never_escalates() {
+        let e = DriverEscalation::new();
+        let t0 = Instant::now();
+        assert_eq!(e.decide_at("cc", true, t0), DriverMode::Firmware);
+        // snponly worked: handoff confirmed.
+        e.confirm_at("cc", t0 + Duration::from_secs(2));
+        // A later boot stays on firmware — no spurious escalation.
+        assert_eq!(
+            e.decide_at("cc", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(5)),
+            DriverMode::Firmware
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn third_unconfirmed_attempt_escalates_to_shim_and_stays() {
+        // v0.7.0: a Secure-Boot client downloads-but-refuses both unsigned
+        // iPXE builds; the third boot gets the signed shim chain, and the
+        // MAC stays there for subsequent boots.
+        let e = DriverEscalation::new();
+        let t0 = Instant::now();
+        assert_eq!(e.decide_at("ee", true, t0), DriverMode::Firmware);
+        assert_eq!(
+            e.decide_at("ee", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(1)),
+            DriverMode::Builtin
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            e.decide_at("ee", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(2)),
+            DriverMode::Shim
+        );
+        // Shim is terminal — a fourth unconfirmed boot stays on Shim.
+        assert_eq!(
+            e.decide_at("ee", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(3)),
+            DriverMode::Shim
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn stale_unpinned_entry_is_forgotten_and_resets_to_firmware() {
+        let e = DriverEscalation::new();
+        let t0 = Instant::now();
+        assert_eq!(e.decide_at("dd", true, t0), DriverMode::Firmware);
+        assert_eq!(
+            e.decide_at("dd", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(1)),
+            DriverMode::Builtin
+        );
+        // After the TTL with no activity the (unpinned) Builtin walk is
+        // pruned → fresh firmware. (A *confirmed* Builtin would be pinned
+        // and survive — see learned_builtin_survives_ttl.)
+        let later = t0 + Duration::from_mins(1) + ENTRY_TTL + Duration::from_secs(1);
+        assert_eq!(e.decide_at("dd", true, later), DriverMode::Firmware);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn shim_pin_survives_ttl() {
+        // v0.7.1: reaching the Shim rung is durable knowledge — the
+        // machine must NOT re-walk the ladder after an idle period.
+        let e = DriverEscalation::new();
+        let t0 = Instant::now();
+        let _ = e.decide_at("ff", true, t0);
+        let _ = e.decide_at("ff", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(1));
+        assert_eq!(
+            e.decide_at("ff", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(2)),
+            DriverMode::Shim
+        );
+        let much_later = t0 + Duration::from_mins(2) + ENTRY_TTL + Duration::from_mins(5);
+        assert_eq!(e.decide_at("ff", true, much_later), DriverMode::Shim);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn learned_builtin_survives_ttl() {
+        let e = DriverEscalation::new();
+        let t0 = Instant::now();
+        let _ = e.decide_at("gg", true, t0);
+        assert_eq!(
+            e.decide_at("gg", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(1)),
+            DriverMode::Builtin
+        );
+        // The handoff confirms Builtin → pinned.
+        e.confirm_at("gg", t0 + Duration::from_secs(61));
+        let much_later = t0 + ENTRY_TTL + Duration::from_mins(10);
+        assert_eq!(e.decide_at("gg", true, much_later), DriverMode::Builtin);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn learned_modes_persist_across_restart() {
+        let dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let t0 = Instant::now();
+        {
+            let e = DriverEscalation::load_or_default(dir.path());
+            // Walk one MAC to Shim (pins on escalation)...
+            let _ = e.decide_at("aa:01", true, t0);
+            let _ = e.decide_at("aa:01", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(1));
+            assert_eq!(
+                e.decide_at("aa:01", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(2)),
+                DriverMode::Shim
+            );
+            // ...and another to a confirmed Builtin (pins on handoff).
+            let _ = e.decide_at("aa:02", true, t0);
+            let _ = e.decide_at("aa:02", true, t0 + Duration::from_mins(1));
+            e.confirm_at("aa:02", t0 + Duration::from_secs(61));
+        }
+        // "Restart": a fresh instance from the same work_dir knows both.
+        let e2 = DriverEscalation::load_or_default(dir.path());
+        assert_eq!(e2.decide_at("aa:01", true, t0), DriverMode::Shim);
+        assert_eq!(e2.decide_at("aa:02", true, t0), DriverMode::Builtin);
+        // Unlearned MACs still start at the default.
+        assert_eq!(e2.decide_at("aa:03", true, t0), DriverMode::Firmware);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn corrupt_persistence_file_starts_empty() {
+        let dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(dir.path().join("driver_modes.json"), b"{broken").unwrap();
+        let e = DriverEscalation::load_or_default(dir.path());
+        assert_eq!(
+            e.decide_at("aa:bb", true, Instant::now()),
+            DriverMode::Firmware
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn confirmed_firmware_is_not_persisted() {
+        // The default mode is never written — the file only carries
+        // exceptions, so a healthy fleet leaves it absent/empty.
+        let dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+        let t0 = Instant::now();
+        {
+            let e = DriverEscalation::load_or_default(dir.path());
+            let _ = e.decide_at("aa:09", true, t0);
+            e.confirm_at("aa:09", t0 + Duration::from_secs(2));
+        }
+        assert!(!dir.path().join("driver_modes.json").exists());
+    }
+}

crates/dhcp-proxy/src/lib.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,9 @@
 //!   clients silently drop them.
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
+pub mod escalation;
 pub mod reply;
 pub mod server;
 
+pub use escalation::DriverEscalation;
 pub use server::DhcpProxyServer;

crates/dhcp-proxy/src/reply.rs

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 //!     pass, or the HTTP URL of the boot script once iPXE has chained.
 
 use dhcproto::v4::{DhcpOption, Message, MessageType, Opcode, OptionCode};
-use openpxe_core::{ClientArch, FirmwareClass};
+use openpxe_core::{ClientArch, DriverMode, FirmwareClass};
 use std::net::Ipv4Addr;
 
 /// Where the reply directs the client next.
@@ -31,6 +31,11 @@ pub struct ReplyContext<'a> {
     pub our_ip: Ipv4Addr,
     pub arch: ClientArch,
     pub class: FirmwareClass,
+    /// Which iPXE network backend to advertise for this client. The DHCP
+    /// proxy fills this from the automatic per-MAC escalation state: normally
+    /// [`DriverMode::Firmware`], escalated to [`DriverMode::Builtin`] for a
+    /// MAC whose firmware-net boot failed to chainload (v0.6.1).
+    pub driver_mode: DriverMode,
     /// Public base URL (scheme://host[:port]) used in HTTP directives.
     pub public_base_url: &'a str,
 }
@@ -44,17 +49,27 @@ pub fn decide(ctx: &ReplyContext<'_>) -> BootDirective {
             // Pass the client's MAC in the query string so the HTTP
             // layer can short-circuit to a per-MAC binding when one
             // exists. iPXE substitutes `${mac}` literally before issuing
-            // the GET, so this stays static across firmwares.
+            // the GET, so this stays static across firmwares. The arch is
+            // known *here* from option 93, so it's baked in literally
+            // (v0.7.0) — it lets boot rules select on architecture.
             url: format!(
-                "{}/boot.ipxe?mac=${{mac}}",
+                "{}/boot.ipxe?mac=${{mac}}&arch={}",
-                ctx.public_base_url.trim_end_matches('/')
+                ctx.public_base_url.trim_end_matches('/'),
+                ctx.arch.as_str()
             ),
         },
         FirmwareClass::HttpClient => {
             // UEFI HTTP boot: client wants an http:// URL in option 67
-            // pointing at an EFI executable. We serve ipxe.efi over HTTP;
+            // pointing at an EFI executable. We serve the iPXE EFI build for
-            // it'll then do the same script-fetch the iPXE path does.
+            // the negotiated driver mode over HTTP; it'll then do the same
-            let name = ctx.arch.ipxe_bootfile().unwrap_or("snponly.efi");
+            // script-fetch the iPXE path does.
+            // `bootfile_with_fallback` (v0.7.0) walks back down the
+            // escalation ladder when the negotiated mode has no binary
+            // for this arch (e.g. Shim on an arch with no signed chain).
+            let name = ctx
+                .arch
+                .bootfile_with_fallback(ctx.driver_mode)
+                .unwrap_or("snponly.efi");
             BootDirective::HttpScript {
                 url: format!(
                     "{}/ipxe/{}",
@@ -63,7 +78,7 @@ pub fn decide(ctx: &ReplyContext<'_>) -> BootDirective {
                 ),
             }
         }
-        FirmwareClass::PxeClient => match ctx.arch.ipxe_bootfile() {
+        FirmwareClass::PxeClient => match ctx.arch.bootfile_with_fallback(ctx.driver_mode) {
             Some(name) => BootDirective::TftpIpxe {
                 filename: name.to_string(),
             },

crates/dhcp-proxy/src/server.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 //! UDP listener loop for the DHCP proxy. Accepts on :67 (and :4011 on a
 //! second socket) and dispatches each datagram through the pure reply logic.
 
+use crate::escalation::DriverEscalation;
 use crate::reply::{build_reply, decide, BootDirective, ReplyContext};
 use dhcproto::v4::{DhcpOption, Message, OptionCode};
 use dhcproto::{Decodable, Decoder, Encodable, Encoder};
-use openpxe_core::{ClientArch, ClientEvent, ClientRegistry, FirmwareClass};
+use openpxe_core::{
+    BootRulesStore, ClientArch, ClientEvent, ClientRegistry, DriverMode, FirmwareClass,
+};
 use socket2::{Domain, Protocol, Socket, Type};
 use std::net::{IpAddr, Ipv4Addr, SocketAddr, SocketAddrV4};
 use std::sync::Arc;
@@ -18,9 +21,19 @@ pub struct DhcpProxyServer {
     public_base_url: String,
     clients: Arc<ClientRegistry>,
     metrics: openpxe_core::Metrics,
+    /// Automatic per-MAC NIC driver-mode escalation (v0.6.1; persistent
+    /// learned modes since v0.7.1). Shared across the :67 and :4011
+    /// listener tasks via the server `Arc`. Built by the caller so the
+    /// persistence path comes from the configured work dir.
+    escalation: DriverEscalation,
+    /// v0.7.1: boot rules — consulted for an operator driver-mode pin
+    /// (e.g. "this OUI is all Secure Boot → serve shim immediately")
+    /// before the automatic escalation ladder.
+    rules: BootRulesStore,
 }
 
 impl DhcpProxyServer {
+    #[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
     pub fn new(
         bind: IpAddr,
         dhcp_port: u16,
@@ -29,6 +42,8 @@ impl DhcpProxyServer {
         public_base_url: String,
         clients: Arc<ClientRegistry>,
         metrics: openpxe_core::Metrics,
+        escalation: DriverEscalation,
+        rules: BootRulesStore,
     ) -> Self {
         Self {
             bind,
@@ -38,6 +53,8 @@ impl DhcpProxyServer {
             public_base_url,
             clients,
             metrics,
+            escalation,
+            rules,
         }
     }
 
@@ -126,11 +143,38 @@ impl DhcpProxyServer {
             },
         );
 
+        // Automatic NIC driver-mode selection (v0.6.1). The default is
+        // firmware-net (snponly/undionly). A successful iPXE handoff confirms
+        // the current mode works for this MAC; a fresh firmware boot whose
+        // predecessor never handed off escalates the MAC to iPXE's built-in
+        // NIC drivers. No operator toggle — the firmware path is unchanged so
+        // hardware that already boots never regresses.
+        let driver_mode = match class {
+            FirmwareClass::IpxeUserClass => {
+                self.escalation.mark_ipxe_success(&mac);
+                DriverMode::Firmware // unused: this path serves the HTTP script
+            }
+            FirmwareClass::PxeClient | FirmwareClass::HttpClient => {
+                // v0.7.1: an operator rule pin wins over (and bypasses)
+                // the automatic escalation ladder — known Secure-Boot
+                // fleets boot the signed chain on the very first cycle.
+                if let Some(pinned) = self.rules.driver_mode_hint(&mac, Some(arch.as_str())) {
+                    pinned
+                } else {
+                    self.escalation
+                        .mode_for_firmware_attempt(&mac, label == "67")
+                }
+            }
+            // Unreachable: FirmwareClass::Other returned above.
+            FirmwareClass::Other => DriverMode::Firmware,
+        };
+
         let ctx = ReplyContext {
             request: &request,
             our_ip: self.our_ip,
             arch,
             class,
+            driver_mode,
             public_base_url: &self.public_base_url,
         };
         let directive = decide(&ctx);
@@ -154,7 +198,7 @@ impl DhcpProxyServer {
         sock.send_to(&out, dest).await?;
         tracing::info!(
             target: "openpxe::dhcp",
-            mac=%mac, arch=arch.as_str(), class=?class, dest=%dest, directive=?directive,
+            mac=%mac, arch=arch.as_str(), class=?class, driver=?driver_mode, dest=%dest, directive=?directive,
             "PXE reply sent"
         );
         Ok(())
@@ -213,11 +257,16 @@ fn bind_udp(bind: IpAddr, port: u16, broadcast: bool) -> anyhow::Result<UdpSocke
 }
 
 fn format_mac(chaddr: &[u8]) -> String {
-    let take = chaddr.iter().take(6).copied().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    use std::fmt::Write;
-    take.iter()
+    // One allocation — this runs for every PXE datagram we answer.
-        .map(|b| format!("{b:02x}"))
+    let mut s = String::with_capacity(17);
-        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+    for (i, b) in chaddr.iter().take(6).enumerate() {
-        .join(":")
+        if i > 0 {
+            s.push(':');
+        }
+        let _ = write!(s, "{b:02x}");
+    }
+    s
 }
 
 /// Walk raw DHCP options looking for option 93 (Client System Architecture)

crates/http-api/Cargo.toml

@@ -49,6 +49,10 @@ base64.workspace = true
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["macros", "rt", "rt-multi-thread", "time"] }
 tower = { workspace = true }
 tempfile = "3.12"
+# v0.7.4: probe-based introspection verifies kernel paths against the
+# real ISO9660 tree, so the full-flow tests synthesize images with the
+# shared test builder instead of label-only blobs.
+openpxe-iso-store = { workspace = true, features = ["test-image"] }
 serde_json = { workspace = true }
 time = { workspace = true }
 # v0.4.61: integration tests need to generate real PNG bytes for the

crates/http-api/src/app.rs

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ use crate::ipxe_script::{
     render_entry, render_family_menu, render_local_hdd, render_menu, render_nic_info,
     render_queue_entry, render_shell, render_tools_menu, render_util,
 };
-use crate::iso_fs;
 use crate::log_stream;
 use crate::state::AppState;
 use crate::terminal;
@@ -35,7 +34,8 @@ use openpxe_core::{
     encoding::pct_encode, ext_for_mime, wol, BootEvent, ClientEvent, DeployProfile, Error,
     LogoSlot, NotifyConfig, Settings, SsoConfig, ALLOWED_LOGO_MIMES, MAX_LOGO_BYTES,
 };
-use openpxe_ipxe_assets::asset_bytes;
+use openpxe_ipxe_assets::asset_slice;
+use openpxe_iso_store::iso_fs;
 use openpxe_iso_store::{
     render_template, IsoCategory, IsoMeta, IsoSource, NfsAddRequest, SftpAddRequest, SmbAddRequest,
     SmbState, UnattendedKind, UnattendedMeta,
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ pub fn build_router(state: AppState) -> Router {
         .route("/branding/pxe-logo", get(ui_pxe_logo))
         // iPXE script endpoints.
         .route("/boot.ipxe", get(boot_top_menu))
-        .route("/boot/:filename", get(boot_sub))
+        .route("/boot/{filename}", get(boot_sub))
         // v0.5.2: unattended answer-file *serving* — public (like /iso),
         // because the booting installer fetches these with no session.
         // `/unattended/:id` serves a Kickstart/Preseed with `{{HOSTNAME}}`
@@ -80,12 +80,12 @@ pub fn build_router(state: AppState) -> Router {
         // autoinstall (`…/<ctx>/user-data` + `/meta-data`), where `<ctx>`
         // base64url-encodes the per-host hostname/ip/mac. Management
         // (upload/list/delete) lives under the gated `/api/unattended`.
-        .route("/unattended/:id", get(serve_unattended))
+        .route("/unattended/{id}", get(serve_unattended))
-        .route("/unattended/:id/:ctx/:sub", get(serve_unattended_seed))
+        .route("/unattended/{id}/{ctx}/{sub}", get(serve_unattended_seed))
         // Bundled binaries and raw ISO access.
-        .route("/ipxe/:name", get(ipxe_binary))
+        .route("/ipxe/{name}", get(ipxe_binary))
-        .route("/iso/:filename", get(iso_raw))
+        .route("/iso/{filename}", get(iso_raw))
-        .route("/iso/:id/*path", get(iso_file))
+        .route("/iso/{id}/{*path}", get(iso_file))
         // Container health/readiness probes. `/healthz` is always 200 OK
         // while the HTTP task is alive. `/readyz` additionally requires at
         // least one bundled iPXE binary (without one, no client can PXE).
@@ -93,23 +93,23 @@ pub fn build_router(state: AppState) -> Router {
         .route("/readyz", get(readyz))
         // JSON API.
         .route("/api/isos", get(api_list_isos).post(api_upload_iso))
-        .route("/api/isos/:id", delete(api_delete_iso))
+        .route("/api/isos/{id}", delete(api_delete_iso))
         .route("/api/uploads", post(api_upload_begin))
         .route(
-            "/api/uploads/:upload_id",
+            "/api/uploads/{upload_id}",
             put(api_upload_chunk).delete(api_upload_abort),
         )
         // Per-ISO password prompt. PUT body `{ "password": "..." }`
         // sets, `{ "password": null }` (or DELETE) clears.
         .route(
-            "/api/isos/:id/password",
+            "/api/isos/{id}/password",
             axum::routing::put(api_set_iso_password).delete(api_clear_iso_password),
         )
         // v0.4.4: per-ISO menu category (Os / Tools). Drives whether the
         // image appears under Linux/Windows Installers (default) or in
         // the Tools submenu next to memtest / shell / NIC info.
         .route(
-            "/api/isos/:id/category",
+            "/api/isos/{id}/category",
             axum::routing::put(api_set_iso_category),
         )
         // v0.4.4: filesystem free-space telemetry for the ISO directory's
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ pub fn build_router(state: AppState) -> Router {
         // logo). v0.5.2: split into three slots — `light` / `dark` /
         // `client`. Multipart upload to POST; DELETE clears one slot.
         .route(
-            "/api/branding/logo/:slot",
+            "/api/branding/logo/{slot}",
             post(api_branding_upload).delete(api_branding_clear),
         )
         // v0.5.2: unattended-install answer-file management (gated).
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ pub fn build_router(state: AppState) -> Router {
             "/api/unattended",
             get(api_unattended_list).post(api_unattended_upload),
         )
-        .route("/api/unattended/:id", delete(api_unattended_delete))
+        .route("/api/unattended/{id}", delete(api_unattended_delete))
         // v0.4.4: self-rendered API reference, served as JSON so the UI
         // can format it consistently with the rest of the chrome. Lives
         // under the Settings tab — operators chasing an integration get
@@ -161,12 +161,12 @@ pub fn build_router(state: AppState) -> Router {
         .route("/api/settings", get(api_get_settings).put(api_put_settings))
         .route("/api/queue", get(api_list_queue))
         .route("/api/queue/join", get(api_queue_join))
-        .route("/api/queue/poll/:entry_id", get(api_queue_poll))
+        .route("/api/queue/poll/{entry_id}", get(api_queue_poll))
         .route("/api/queue/assign", post(api_queue_assign))
         // v0.5.2: per-device deployment profile (auto hostname / IP /
         // unattended file) set from the queue "Profile" button.
-        .route("/api/queue/:entry_id/profile", put(api_queue_set_profile))
+        .route("/api/queue/{entry_id}/profile", put(api_queue_set_profile))
-        .route("/api/queue/:entry_id", delete(api_queue_release))
+        .route("/api/queue/{entry_id}", delete(api_queue_release))
         // v0.4.65: SMB share manager (userspace via smbclient). The
         // kernel-mount NFS routes that v0.4.64 shipped are gone — they
         // didn't work on hosts whose kernel lacked the nfs client
@@ -177,8 +177,8 @@ pub fn build_router(state: AppState) -> Router {
             "/api/smb-shares",
             get(api_smb_shares_list).post(api_smb_shares_add),
         )
-        .route("/api/smb-shares/:id", delete(api_smb_shares_remove))
+        .route("/api/smb-shares/{id}", delete(api_smb_shares_remove))
-        .route("/api/smb-shares/:id/scan", post(api_smb_shares_scan))
+        .route("/api/smb-shares/{id}/scan", post(api_smb_shares_scan))
         // v0.4.67: NFSv3 share manager (pure-Rust in-process client).
         // Ships alongside SMB. Routes are parallel so the UI can
         // reuse the same form/error/hint rendering for both.
@@ -186,8 +186,8 @@ pub fn build_router(state: AppState) -> Router {
             "/api/nfs-shares",
             get(api_nfs_shares_list).post(api_nfs_shares_add),
         )
-        .route("/api/nfs-shares/:id", delete(api_nfs_shares_remove))
+        .route("/api/nfs-shares/{id}", delete(api_nfs_shares_remove))
-        .route("/api/nfs-shares/:id/scan", post(api_nfs_shares_scan))
+        .route("/api/nfs-shares/{id}/scan", post(api_nfs_shares_scan))
         // v0.5.5: SFTP-over-SSH share manager (pure-Rust russh client).
         // Parallel to SMB/NFS so the UI reuses the same form/error/hint
         // rendering. Like NFS, SFTP-sourced ISOs support Range requests.
@@ -195,8 +195,8 @@ pub fn build_router(state: AppState) -> Router {
             "/api/sftp-shares",
             get(api_sftp_shares_list).post(api_sftp_shares_add),
         )
-        .route("/api/sftp-shares/:id", delete(api_sftp_shares_remove))
+        .route("/api/sftp-shares/{id}", delete(api_sftp_shares_remove))
-        .route("/api/sftp-shares/:id/scan", post(api_sftp_shares_scan))
+        .route("/api/sftp-shares/{id}/scan", post(api_sftp_shares_scan))
         // Phase 4: Network info (read-only) + DNS edit.
         .route("/api/network", get(api_network).put(api_network_put))
         // Phase 4: live-log stream + recent buffer for the Terminal tab.
@@ -208,10 +208,17 @@ pub fn build_router(state: AppState) -> Router {
         // Phase 5: per-MAC host bindings. Operator
         // pins a MAC to a boot entry; /boot.ipxe?mac=... chains directly.
         .route("/api/hosts", get(api_hosts_list).post(api_hosts_upsert))
-        .route("/api/hosts/:mac", delete(api_hosts_remove))
+        .route("/api/hosts/{mac}", delete(api_hosts_remove))
         // v0.5.0: Wake-on-LAN a bound host. Sends a magic packet to the
         // limited broadcast + the server's own subnet broadcast.
-        .route("/api/hosts/:mac/wol", post(api_hosts_wol))
+        .route("/api/hosts/{mac}/wol", post(api_hosts_wol))
+        // v0.7.0: ordered boot rules (MAC prefix / arch → target) + the
+        // boot-decision webhook. The UI saves the whole config at once
+        // because rule order is significant.
+        .route(
+            "/api/boot-rules",
+            get(api_boot_rules_get).put(api_boot_rules_put),
+        )
         // Rolling "host log" of boot events: what image actually
         // started installing on what MAC/IP, and when. Persisted to disk.
         .route("/api/boot-log", get(api_boot_log))
@@ -406,6 +413,22 @@ fn bundled_logo_response() -> Response {
 /// brand mark falls back to the *default* background for the PXE screen
 /// (the WebUI still renders the SVG natively in the top-left).
 async fn ui_pxe_logo(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Response {
+    // The composite is a pure function of the uploaded logo, so the
+    // encoded PNG is cached keyed on the branding revision — an upload
+    // or clear bumps the rev and invalidates it. The response headers
+    // stay `no-cache` (clients must refetch); only the server-side
+    // ~50-200 ms decode/compose/encode is skipped per boot.
+    let rev = state.branding.logo_rev();
+    let cached = state
+        .pxe_bg_cache
+        .lock()
+        .as_ref()
+        .filter(|(r, _)| *r == rev)
+        .map(|(_, png)| png.clone());
+    if let Some(png) = cached {
+        return pxe_png_response(png);
+    }
+
     // Resolve the operator's raster upload, if any and if it's a format
     // iPXE/our compositor can consume. SVG (or a missing/unreadable
     // file) yields `None`, which composes the default background.
@@ -450,6 +473,12 @@ async fn ui_pxe_logo(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Response {
                 .into_response();
         }
     };
+    let png = bytes::Bytes::from(composed);
+    *state.pxe_bg_cache.lock() = Some((rev, png.clone()));
+    pxe_png_response(png)
+}
+
+fn pxe_png_response(png: bytes::Bytes) -> Response {
     (
         [
             (header::CONTENT_TYPE, HeaderValue::from_static("image/png")),
@@ -460,7 +489,7 @@ async fn ui_pxe_logo(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Response {
                 HeaderValue::from_static("no-cache, max-age=0"),
             ),
         ],
-        composed,
+        png,
     )
         .into_response()
 }
@@ -498,14 +527,15 @@ fn text_plain(body: String) -> Response {
 /// to the bound target instead of rendering the menu.
 async fn boot_top_menu(
     State(state): State<AppState>,
-    peer: Option<ConnectInfo<SocketAddr>>,
+    peer: Result<ConnectInfo<SocketAddr>, axum::extract::rejection::ExtensionRejection>,
     Query(p): Query<BootMenuParams>,
 ) -> Response {
     // `ConnectInfo` is only populated when axum was started with
     // `into_make_service_with_connect_info` (production path). Tests
     // call the router via `oneshot`, which skips that wiring — we
     // tolerate it by treating the peer as unknown rather than 500ing.
-    let peer_ip = peer.map(|c| c.0.ip());
+    // (axum 0.8: `Result<T, Rejection>` is the optional-extractor form.)
+    let peer_ip = peer.ok().map(|c| c.0.ip());
     state
         .metrics
         .record_http(openpxe_core::HttpRoute::BootScript);
@@ -547,17 +577,105 @@ async fn boot_top_menu(
             // `?mac=` so the per-entry handler can record the boot into
             // the Host log without depending on iPXE substitution at
             // this stage.
-            return text_plain(format!(
+            return text_plain(chain_script(base, &target, &bound_mac, "per-MAC binding"));
-                "#!ipxe\n\
+        }
-                 echo OpenPXE: per-MAC binding -> {target}\n\
+
-                 chain {base}/boot/{target}.ipxe?mac={bound_mac} || chain {base}/boot.ipxe\n"
+        // v0.7.0 step 2: ordered boot rules (MAC prefix / arch).
-            ));
+        let mac_norm = openpxe_core::normalize_mac(mac);
+        if let Some(target) = state.boot_rules.match_target(&mac_norm, p.arch.as_deref()) {
+            tracing::info!(
+                target: "openpxe::http",
+                mac = %mac_norm, target = %target, "boot rule matched"
+            );
+            record_pre_boot(&state, &isos, &mac_norm, peer_ip, &target);
+            return text_plain(chain_script(base, &target, &mac_norm, "boot rule"));
+        }
+
+        // v0.7.0 step 3: boot-decision webhook (fail-open — any error,
+        // timeout, or non-200 falls through to the menu so a dead
+        // automation endpoint can never block PXE for the network).
+        if let Some(url) = state.boot_rules.webhook_url() {
+            if let Some(target) = webhook_decide(&url, &mac_norm, p.arch.as_deref()).await {
+                tracing::info!(
+                    target: "openpxe::http",
+                    mac = %mac_norm, target = %target, "boot webhook decided"
+                );
+                record_pre_boot(&state, &isos, &mac_norm, peer_ip, &target);
+                return text_plain(chain_script(base, &target, &mac_norm, "boot webhook"));
+            }
         }
     }
 
     text_plain(render_menu(&isos, &settings, base))
 }
 
+/// The short-circuit script all three decision sources (binding, rule,
+/// webhook) emit: chain to the target's boot script, falling back to the
+/// interactive menu so a stale target can't lock a client out.
+fn chain_script(base: &str, target: &str, mac: &str, source: &str) -> String {
+    format!(
+        "#!ipxe\n\
+         echo OpenPXE: {source} -> {target}\n\
+         chain {base}/boot/{target}.ipxe?mac={mac} || chain {base}/boot.ipxe\n"
+    )
+}
+
+/// Pre-record a decision-driven boot into the Host log, mirroring what
+/// the per-MAC binding path does: reserved `_xxx` targets are operator
+/// conveniences, not imaging events, so they're skipped.
+fn record_pre_boot(
+    state: &AppState,
+    isos: &[openpxe_iso_store::IsoMeta],
+    mac: &str,
+    peer_ip: Option<std::net::IpAddr>,
+    target: &str,
+) {
+    if target.starts_with('_') {
+        return;
+    }
+    let title = lookup_entry_title(isos, target);
+    state.boot_log.record(&BootEvent {
+        timestamp: time::OffsetDateTime::now_utc(),
+        mac: Some(mac.to_string()),
+        ip: peer_ip,
+        target_id: target.to_string(),
+        target_title: title,
+    });
+}
+
+/// Ask the operator's boot-decision webhook for a target. `200` with
+/// `{"target": "<id>"}` chains to that target; anything else (including
+/// an empty target) means "no opinion". Two-second budget — a booting
+/// machine is sitting at a black screen while this runs.
+async fn webhook_decide(url: &str, mac: &str, arch: Option<&str>) -> Option<String> {
+    #[derive(Deserialize)]
+    struct Decision {
+        target: String,
+    }
+    let client = reqwest::Client::builder()
+        .timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(2))
+        .build()
+        .ok()?;
+    let resp = match client
+        .get(url)
+        .query(&[("mac", mac), ("arch", arch.unwrap_or(""))])
+        .send()
+        .await
+    {
+        Ok(r) => r,
+        Err(e) => {
+            tracing::warn!(target: "openpxe::http", "boot webhook unreachable: {e}");
+            return None;
+        }
+    };
+    if !resp.status().is_success() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let d: Decision = resp.json().await.ok()?;
+    let t = d.target.trim().to_string();
+    (!t.is_empty()).then_some(t)
+}
+
 /// Best-effort human title for a boot entry id — falls back to the id
 /// itself if the ISO has been deleted between record-time and now.
 fn lookup_entry_title(isos: &[openpxe_iso_store::IsoMeta], target_id: &str) -> String {
@@ -580,6 +698,11 @@ struct BootMenuParams {
     /// `chain ${prefix}/boot.ipxe?mac=${mac}`. Optional — if absent we
     /// fall back to the menu unconditionally.
     mac: Option<String>,
+    /// v0.7.0: client architecture (`ClientArch::as_str()` form), baked
+    /// literally into the chain URL by the DHCP proxy, which knows it
+    /// from option 93. Lets boot rules select on architecture. Absent on
+    /// chains rendered by older binaries — arch rules simply don't match.
+    arch: Option<String>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
@@ -597,11 +720,12 @@ struct BootSubParams {
 
 async fn boot_sub(
     State(state): State<AppState>,
-    peer: Option<ConnectInfo<SocketAddr>>,
+    peer: Result<ConnectInfo<SocketAddr>, axum::extract::rejection::ExtensionRejection>,
     AxumPath(filename): AxumPath<String>,
     Query(p): Query<BootSubParams>,
 ) -> Response {
-    let peer_ip = peer.map(|c| c.0.ip());
+    // axum 0.8: `Result<T, Rejection>` is the optional-extractor form.
+    let peer_ip = peer.ok().map(|c| c.0.ip());
     // `/boot/<name>.ipxe` where `<name>` is either one of our reserved
     // submenu names (prefixed `_`) or a boot entry id.
     let name = filename.strip_suffix(".ipxe").unwrap_or(&filename);
@@ -638,7 +762,23 @@ async fn boot_sub(
                                     ));
                                 }
                                 Some(token) => {
-                                    match state.iso_store.verify_password(&iso.id, token) {
+                                    // bcrypt verify costs ~100-200 ms of pure
+                                    // CPU and this path is unauthenticated —
+                                    // run it on the blocking pool so password
+                                    // probes can't stall the workers that are
+                                    // streaming ISO bytes to imaging machines.
+                                    let store = state.iso_store.clone();
+                                    let iso_id = iso.id.clone();
+                                    let tok = token.to_string();
+                                    let verdict = match tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                                        store.verify_password(&iso_id, &tok)
+                                    })
+                                    .await
+                                    {
+                                        Ok(v) => v,
+                                        Err(e) => Err(openpxe_core::Error::Other(e.into())),
+                                    };
+                                    match verdict {
                                         Ok(true) => { /* fall through to render the entry */ }
                                         Ok(false) => {
                                             // Don't log the candidate — just the
@@ -710,7 +850,13 @@ async fn boot_sub(
                                     .as_deref()
                                     .and_then(|fid| state.unattended.get(fid))
                                     .and_then(|meta| {
-                                        build_unattended_args(base, &meta, Some(m), &p)
+                                        build_unattended_args(
+                                            base,
+                                            &meta,
+                                            Some(m),
+                                            &p,
+                                            &state.boot_tokens,
+                                        )
                                     })
                             })
                         });
@@ -731,13 +877,28 @@ async fn boot_sub(
 
 // ─── bundled iPXE binaries (memtest lives here too) ───────────────────────
 
-async fn ipxe_binary(AxumPath(name): AxumPath<String>) -> Response {
+async fn ipxe_binary(State(state): State<AppState>, AxumPath(name): AxumPath<String>) -> Response {
     if name.contains('/') || name.contains('\\') {
         return (StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST, "invalid name").into_response();
     }
-    let Some(bytes) = asset_bytes(&name) else {
+    // v0.7.0: when the whole Secure Boot chain rides HTTP (native UEFI
+    // HTTP Boot), GRUB resolves `$prefix` to this directory and fetches
+    // its config from here — rendered live, same as the TFTP path.
+    if name == "grub.cfg" || name.starts_with("grub.cfg-") {
+        return text_plain(crate::grub_script::render_grub_menu(
+            &state.iso_store.list(),
+            &state.public_base_url,
+        ));
+    }
+    let Some(data) = asset_slice(&name) else {
         return (StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "no such ipxe asset").into_response();
     };
+    // Release builds embed the asset in rodata — serve it without the
+    // ~1 MiB per-request heap copy `into_owned` would cost.
+    let bytes = match data {
+        std::borrow::Cow::Borrowed(b) => bytes::Bytes::from_static(b),
+        std::borrow::Cow::Owned(v) => bytes::Bytes::from(v),
+    };
     (
         [
             (
@@ -768,7 +929,10 @@ async fn iso_raw(
     };
     match &meta.source {
         IsoSource::Local => {
-            let Some(path) = state.iso_store.iso_path_for(id) else {
+            // `local_path(&meta)` reuses the meta we already cloned —
+            // `iso_path_for(id)` would re-lock and deep-clone it again,
+            // hundreds of times per sanboot install.
+            let Some(path) = state.iso_store.local_path(&meta) else {
                 return (StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "no such iso").into_response();
             };
             match stream_file_range(&path, headers.get(header::RANGE)).await {
@@ -923,16 +1087,17 @@ async fn iso_file(
     State(state): State<AppState>,
     AxumPath((id, path)): AxumPath<(String, String)>,
 ) -> Response {
-    // In-ISO file extraction is only supported for local ISOs — it
+    let Some(meta) = state.iso_store.get(&id) else {
-    // needs random-access reads into the ISO9660 directory tree, which
+        return (StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "no such iso").into_response();
-    // smbclient's whole-file streaming can't do efficiently. SMB-
+    };
-    // sourced ISOs use the raw streaming endpoint above instead.
+    let in_path = format!("/{path}");
-    let Some(iso_path) = state.iso_store.iso_path_for(&id) else {
+    match &meta.source {
+        IsoSource::Local => {
+            let Some(iso_path) = state.iso_store.local_path(&meta) else {
                 return (StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "no such iso").into_response();
             };
             let p = iso_path.clone();
-    let in_path = format!("/{path}");
+            let loc = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || iso_fs::lookup_local(&p, &in_path))
-    let loc = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || iso_fs::lookup(&p, &in_path))
                 .await
                 .ok()
                 .flatten();
@@ -944,6 +1109,82 @@ async fn iso_file(
                 Err(e) => (StatusCode::INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, format!("{e}")).into_response(),
             }
         }
+        // v0.7.4: remote ISOs serve in-ISO files too — the same ISO9660
+        // walk runs over NFS READ3 / SFTP seek-reads, then the located
+        // byte range streams through the share manager. This is what
+        // makes the verified kernel/initrd boot entries on share-hosted
+        // Linux ISOs actually bootable.
+        IsoSource::Nfs {
+            share_id,
+            relative_path,
+        } => {
+            match state
+                .nfs_shares
+                .locate_in_iso(share_id, relative_path, &in_path)
+                .await
+            {
+                Ok(Some(loc)) => {
+                    match state
+                        .nfs_shares
+                        .stream_iso(share_id, relative_path, loc.offset, Some(loc.length))
+                        .await
+                    {
+                        Ok(stream) => in_iso_stream_response(Body::from_stream(stream), loc.length),
+                        Err(e) => {
+                            (StatusCode::BAD_GATEWAY, format!("nfs stream: {e}")).into_response()
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                Ok(None) => (StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "not found inside iso").into_response(),
+                Err(e) => (StatusCode::BAD_GATEWAY, format!("nfs lookup: {e}")).into_response(),
+            }
+        }
+        IsoSource::Sftp {
+            share_id,
+            relative_path,
+        } => {
+            match state
+                .sftp_shares
+                .locate_in_iso(share_id, relative_path, &in_path)
+                .await
+            {
+                Ok(Some(loc)) => {
+                    match state
+                        .sftp_shares
+                        .stream_iso(share_id, relative_path, loc.offset, Some(loc.length))
+                        .await
+                    {
+                        Ok(stream) => in_iso_stream_response(Body::from_stream(stream), loc.length),
+                        Err(e) => {
+                            (StatusCode::BAD_GATEWAY, format!("sftp stream: {e}")).into_response()
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                Ok(None) => (StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "not found inside iso").into_response(),
+                Err(e) => (StatusCode::BAD_GATEWAY, format!("sftp lookup: {e}")).into_response(),
+            }
+        }
+        // smbclient streams sequentially — no seeks, no ISO9660 walk.
+        // SMB ISOs never emit kernel entries, so nothing requests this.
+        IsoSource::Smb { .. } => (
+            StatusCode::NOT_FOUND,
+            "in-ISO files are not available for SMB-sourced ISOs",
+        )
+            .into_response(),
+    }
+}
+
+/// 200 response wrapping an in-ISO byte-range stream from a share
+/// manager. Content-Length is the located file's length — the stream is
+/// already bounded to exactly that range.
+fn in_iso_stream_response(body: Body, length: u64) -> Response {
+    Response::builder()
+        .status(StatusCode::OK)
+        .header(header::CONTENT_TYPE, "application/octet-stream")
+        .header(header::CONTENT_LENGTH, length)
+        .body(body)
+        .unwrap()
+}
 
 async fn stream_file_range(
     path: &std::path::Path,
@@ -1027,15 +1268,25 @@ fn parse_range(h: Option<&HeaderValue>, total: u64) -> Option<(u64, u64, bool)>
             return Some((total.saturating_sub(n), total.saturating_sub(1), true));
         }
     }
-    let mut parts = spec.splitn(2, '-');
+    // RFC 7233 §3.1: a Range header we can't parse is *ignored* (200 +
-    let start = parts
+    // full body), never coerced into a bogus 206 claiming the whole
-        .next()
+    // file. Only `first-pos[-last-pos]` with numeric positions reaches
-        .and_then(|s| s.parse::<u64>().ok())
+    // the partial path; `None` is reserved for syntactically valid but
-        .unwrap_or(0);
+    // unsatisfiable ranges (→ 416).
-    let end = parts
+    let full = Some((0, total.saturating_sub(1), false));
-        .next()
+    let Some((start_s, end_s)) = spec.split_once('-') else {
-        .and_then(|s| s.parse::<u64>().ok())
+        return full;
-        .unwrap_or(total.saturating_sub(1));
+    };
+    let Ok(start) = start_s.trim().parse::<u64>() else {
+        return full;
+    };
+    let end = if end_s.trim().is_empty() {
+        total.saturating_sub(1)
+    } else if let Ok(e) = end_s.trim().parse::<u64>() {
+        e
+    } else {
+        return full;
+    };
     if start >= total {
         return None;
     }
@@ -1323,17 +1574,54 @@ struct UnattendedServeQuery {
     hostname: Option<String>,
     #[serde(default)]
     ip: Option<String>,
+    /// v0.7.0: short-lived access token minted into the generated URL.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    t: Option<String>,
 }
 
-/// Public: serve a Kickstart/Preseed/answer file with `{{HOSTNAME}}` /
+/// v0.7.0: answer files routinely embed credentials, so once an admin
+/// account exists they're only served to (a) the boot that the URL was
+/// minted for — proven by the token OpenPXE put in that URL — or (b) a
+/// logged-in operator (browser testing). Pre-setup installs stay open,
+/// matching the auth middleware's bootstrap behavior.
+fn unattended_access_allowed(
+    state: &AppState,
+    headers: &HeaderMap,
+    token: Option<&str>,
+    file_id: &str,
+) -> bool {
+    if !state.admin.is_configured() {
+        return true;
+    }
+    if token.is_some_and(|t| state.boot_tokens.check(t, file_id)) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    crate::auth::session_authenticated(state, headers)
+}
+
+fn unattended_denied() -> Response {
+    (
+        StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED,
+        "answer files require the boot-scoped token OpenPXE mints into \
+         generated URLs (or an operator session)",
+    )
+        .into_response()
+}
+
+/// Serve a Kickstart/Preseed/answer file with `{{HOSTNAME}}` /
 /// `{{IP}}` / `{{MAC}}` substituted from the query string. Returns
 /// `text/plain` so installers (anaconda, debian-installer, Windows setup
-/// fetching over HTTP) read it verbatim.
+/// fetching over HTTP) read it verbatim. Token-gated since v0.7.0 — see
+/// [`unattended_access_allowed`].
 async fn serve_unattended(
     State(state): State<AppState>,
     AxumPath(id): AxumPath<String>,
+    headers: HeaderMap,
     Query(q): Query<UnattendedServeQuery>,
 ) -> Response {
+    if !unattended_access_allowed(&state, &headers, q.t.as_deref(), &id) {
+        return unattended_denied();
+    }
     let Ok(bytes) = state.unattended.read(&id).await else {
         return (StatusCode::NOT_FOUND, "no such unattended file").into_response();
     };
@@ -1355,8 +1643,15 @@ async fn serve_unattended(
 async fn serve_unattended_seed(
     State(state): State<AppState>,
     AxumPath((id, ctx, sub)): AxumPath<(String, String, String)>,
+    headers: HeaderMap,
 ) -> Response {
-    let (mac, hostname, ip) = decode_seed_ctx(&ctx);
+    let (mac, hostname, ip, token) = decode_seed_ctx(&ctx);
+    // v0.7.0: the seed ctx carries the access token (the seedfrom URL
+    // can't take a query string). Same gate as the flat answer-file
+    // route — see `unattended_access_allowed`.
+    if !unattended_access_allowed(&state, &headers, token.as_deref(), &id) {
+        return unattended_denied();
+    }
     match sub.as_str() {
         "user-data" => {
             let Ok(bytes) = state.unattended.read(&id).await else {
@@ -1380,6 +1675,22 @@ async fn serve_unattended_seed(
     }
 }
 
+// ─── Boot rules (v0.7.0) ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+async fn api_boot_rules_get(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Json<openpxe_core::BootRulesConfig> {
+    Json(state.boot_rules.snapshot())
+}
+
+async fn api_boot_rules_put(
+    State(state): State<AppState>,
+    Json(cfg): Json<openpxe_core::BootRulesConfig>,
+) -> StatusCode {
+    let n = cfg.rules.len();
+    state.boot_rules.replace(cfg);
+    tracing::info!(target: "openpxe::http", rules = n, "boot rules replaced");
+    StatusCode::NO_CONTENT
+}
+
 /// Resolve the deployment profile for a booting MAC: a host pin wins, else
 /// a queued device's Profile. `None` when neither carries one.
 fn resolve_profile(state: &AppState, mac: &str) -> Option<DeployProfile> {
@@ -1399,12 +1710,23 @@ fn build_unattended_args(
     meta: &UnattendedMeta,
     mac: Option<&str>,
     profile: &DeployProfile,
+    tokens: &openpxe_core::BootTokens,
 ) -> Option<String> {
     let base = base.trim_end_matches('/');
     let id = &meta.id;
     let host = profile.auto_hostname.as_deref();
     let ip = profile.auto_ip.as_deref();
-    let query = build_query(&[("mac", mac), ("hostname", host), ("ip", ip)]);
+    // v0.7.0: every generated answer-file URL carries a fresh boot-scoped
+    // token; the serving endpoint requires it. See `crate::auth` and
+    // `openpxe_core::boot_tokens` for the threat model (CVE-2026-0386-
+    // style credential harvesting from openly-served answer files).
+    let token = tokens.mint(id);
+    let query = build_query(&[
+        ("mac", mac),
+        ("hostname", host),
+        ("ip", ip),
+        ("t", Some(&token)),
+    ]);
     match meta.kind {
         UnattendedKind::Kickstart => Some(format!("inst.ks={base}/unattended/{id}{query}")),
         UnattendedKind::Preseed => {
@@ -1416,7 +1738,7 @@ fn build_unattended_args(
             Some(s)
         }
         UnattendedKind::Autoinstall => {
-            let ctx = encode_seed_ctx(mac, host, ip);
+            let ctx = encode_seed_ctx(mac, host, ip, &token);
             Some(format!(
                 "autoinstall ds=nocloud-net;s={base}/unattended/{id}/{ctx}/"
             ))
@@ -1441,12 +1763,19 @@ fn build_query(pairs: &[(&str, Option<&str>)]) -> String {
 
 // `pct_encode` lives in `openpxe_core::encoding` (v0.5.4) — imported above.
 
-/// Encode `(hostname, ip, mac)` into a single base64url path segment for
+/// Encode `(hostname, ip, mac, token)` into a single base64url path
-/// the cloud-init seed directory. Empty values become empty fields.
+/// segment for the cloud-init seed directory. Empty values become empty
-fn encode_seed_ctx(mac: Option<&str>, hostname: Option<&str>, ip: Option<&str>) -> String {
+/// fields. The access token rides in here (v0.7.0) because the
+/// `seedfrom` URL can't carry a query string.
+fn encode_seed_ctx(
+    mac: Option<&str>,
+    hostname: Option<&str>,
+    ip: Option<&str>,
+    token: &str,
+) -> String {
     use base64::Engine as _;
     let raw = format!(
-        "{}\n{}\n{}",
+        "{}\n{}\n{}\n{token}",
         hostname.unwrap_or(""),
         ip.unwrap_or(""),
         mac.unwrap_or("")
@@ -1454,21 +1783,30 @@ fn encode_seed_ctx(mac: Option<&str>, hostname: Option<&str>, ip: Option<&str>)
     base64::engine::general_purpose::URL_SAFE_NO_PAD.encode(raw.as_bytes())
 }
 
-/// Inverse of [`encode_seed_ctx`]; returns `(mac, hostname, ip)`. A bad
+/// Inverse of [`encode_seed_ctx`]; returns `(mac, hostname, ip, token)`.
-/// or empty segment yields all-`None` so the seed still serves (just
+/// A bad or empty segment yields all-`None`; a pre-v0.7.0 three-field
-/// without per-host substitution).
+/// ctx decodes with `token: None` (and the gate then rejects it once an
-fn decode_seed_ctx(ctx: &str) -> (Option<String>, Option<String>, Option<String>) {
+/// admin exists — stale URLs are exactly what tokens invalidate).
+fn decode_seed_ctx(
+    ctx: &str,
+) -> (
+    Option<String>,
+    Option<String>,
+    Option<String>,
+    Option<String>,
+) {
     use base64::Engine as _;
     let Ok(bytes) = base64::engine::general_purpose::URL_SAFE_NO_PAD.decode(ctx.as_bytes()) else {
-        return (None, None, None);
+        return (None, None, None, None);
     };
     let s = String::from_utf8_lossy(&bytes).into_owned();
-    let mut it = s.splitn(3, '\n');
+    let mut it = s.splitn(4, '\n');
     let clean = |v: Option<&str>| v.map(str::to_string).filter(|x| !x.is_empty());
     let hostname = clean(it.next());
     let ip = clean(it.next());
     let mac = clean(it.next());
-    (mac, hostname, ip)
+    let token = clean(it.next());
+    (mac, hostname, ip, token)
 }
 
 // ─── API reference (Settings → bottom) ────────────────────────────────────
@@ -1503,13 +1841,13 @@ async fn api_docs() -> Json<serde_json::Value> {
                      "summary": "List ISOs (local + NFS) with size, family, boot entries, category."},
                     {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/isos",
                      "summary": "Legacy single-shot multipart upload. Prefer /api/uploads for big files."},
-                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/isos/:id",
+                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/isos/{id}",
                      "summary": "Delete a local ISO and its sidecar metadata."},
-                    {"method": "PUT", "path": "/api/isos/:id/password",
+                    {"method": "PUT", "path": "/api/isos/{id}/password",
                      "summary": "Set or update an ISO's boot password (bcrypt-hashed; plaintext never stored)."},
-                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/isos/:id/password",
+                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/isos/{id}/password",
                      "summary": "Clear an ISO's boot password."},
-                    {"method": "PUT", "path": "/api/isos/:id/category",
+                    {"method": "PUT", "path": "/api/isos/{id}/category",
                      "summary": "Set the menu category. Body: { \"category\": \"os\" | \"tools\" }."},
                 ],
             },
@@ -1518,9 +1856,9 @@ async fn api_docs() -> Json<serde_json::Value> {
                 "endpoints": [
                     {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/uploads",
                      "summary": "Begin a chunked upload session. Body: { \"filename\", \"size_bytes\" }."},
-                    {"method": "PUT", "path": "/api/uploads/:upload_id",
+                    {"method": "PUT", "path": "/api/uploads/{upload_id}",
                      "summary": "Append a chunk. Headers: x-openpxe-upload-offset, x-openpxe-upload-complete."},
-                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/uploads/:upload_id",
+                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/uploads/{upload_id}",
                      "summary": "Abort a chunked upload session and remove the .partial file."},
                 ],
             },
@@ -1531,9 +1869,9 @@ async fn api_docs() -> Json<serde_json::Value> {
                      "summary": "List configured SMB shares with connection state and iso counts."},
                     {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/smb-shares",
                      "summary": "Register an SMB share. Body: { server, share, guest, username?, password?, port? }."},
-                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/smb-shares/:id",
+                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/smb-shares/{id}",
                      "summary": "Forget a share and drop its entries from the ISO store."},
-                    {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/smb-shares/:id/scan",
+                    {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/smb-shares/{id}/scan",
                      "summary": "Re-list a share for new ISOs."},
                 ],
             },
@@ -1544,9 +1882,9 @@ async fn api_docs() -> Json<serde_json::Value> {
                      "summary": "List configured NFSv3 shares with connection state and iso counts."},
                     {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/nfs-shares",
                      "summary": "Register an NFSv3 share. Body: { server, export, port? }. Auth is AUTH_SYS only; access control is by client IP on the server side."},
-                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/nfs-shares/:id",
+                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/nfs-shares/{id}",
                      "summary": "Forget a share and drop its entries from the ISO store."},
-                    {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/nfs-shares/:id/scan",
+                    {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/nfs-shares/{id}/scan",
                      "summary": "Re-list a share for new ISOs."},
                 ],
             },
@@ -1557,9 +1895,9 @@ async fn api_docs() -> Json<serde_json::Value> {
                      "summary": "List configured SFTP-over-SSH shares with connection state and iso counts."},
                     {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/sftp-shares",
                      "summary": "Register an SFTP share. Body: { server, export, username, port?, password? | private_key? + passphrase? }. The server's SSH host key is pinned trust-on-first-use."},
-                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/sftp-shares/:id",
+                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/sftp-shares/{id}",
                      "summary": "Forget a share, drop its entries from the ISO store, and scrub its credentials file."},
-                    {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/sftp-shares/:id/scan",
+                    {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/sftp-shares/{id}/scan",
                      "summary": "Re-list a share for new ISOs."},
                 ],
             },
@@ -1579,9 +1917,9 @@ async fn api_docs() -> Json<serde_json::Value> {
                      "summary": "Current runtime settings (Windows toggle, timeout, dns hint, …)."},
                     {"method": "PUT", "path": "/api/settings",
                      "summary": "Replace runtime settings. Guards against enabling Windows when wimboot isn't bundled."},
-                    {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/branding/logo/:slot",
+                    {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/branding/logo/{slot}",
                      "summary": "Upload a custom logo for a slot (light | dark | client). Multipart 'file', PNG/SVG/JPEG/WebP/GIF up to 2 MB. The client slot is raster-only."},
-                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/branding/logo/:slot",
+                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/branding/logo/{slot}",
                      "summary": "Remove the custom logo for a slot and revert to the bundled mark."},
                     {"method": "GET", "path": "/branding/pxe-logo",
                      "summary": "Raster form of the operator's 'client' logo for the iPXE menu's `console --picture`. Default background when unset/SVG."},
@@ -1622,9 +1960,9 @@ async fn api_docs() -> Json<serde_json::Value> {
                      "summary": "List uploaded answer files (Kickstart / Preseed / Autoinstall / Windows answer file)."},
                     {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/unattended",
                      "summary": "Upload an answer file (multipart 'file', .ks/.cfg/.seed/.yaml/.yml/.xml/user-data, up to 1 MB)."},
-                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/unattended/:id",
+                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/unattended/{id}",
                      "summary": "Delete an uploaded answer file."},
-                    {"method": "GET", "path": "/unattended/:id",
+                    {"method": "GET", "path": "/unattended/{id}",
                      "summary": "Public: serve an answer file with {{HOSTNAME}}/{{IP}}/{{MAC}} substituted from the query string."},
                 ],
             },
@@ -1635,9 +1973,9 @@ async fn api_docs() -> Json<serde_json::Value> {
                      "summary": "List queue entries (waiting + assigned, with any deployment profile)."},
                     {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/queue/assign",
                      "summary": "Assign a target image to queued clients. Body: { target, entry_ids }."},
-                    {"method": "PUT", "path": "/api/queue/:entry_id/profile",
+                    {"method": "PUT", "path": "/api/queue/{entry_id}/profile",
                      "summary": "Set a queued device's deployment profile. Body: { auto_hostname?, auto_ip?, unattended_file? }."},
-                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/queue/:entry_id",
+                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/queue/{entry_id}",
                      "summary": "Release a queue entry without assigning."},
                 ],
             },
@@ -1648,9 +1986,13 @@ async fn api_docs() -> Json<serde_json::Value> {
                      "summary": "List per-MAC boot bindings."},
                     {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/hosts",
                      "summary": "Pin a MAC to a boot target. Body: { mac, target, label, auto_hostname?, auto_ip?, unattended_file? }."},
-                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/hosts/:mac",
+                    {"method": "DELETE", "path": "/api/hosts/{mac}",
                      "summary": "Remove a binding."},
-                    {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/hosts/:mac/wol",
+                    {"method": "GET", "path": "/api/boot-rules",
+                     "summary": "Boot rules + decision-webhook config (v0.7.0)."},
+                    {"method": "PUT", "path": "/api/boot-rules",
+                     "summary": "Replace the whole boot-rules config (rules are ordered)."},
+                    {"method": "POST", "path": "/api/hosts/{mac}/wol",
                      "summary": "Send a Wake-on-LAN magic packet to a bound MAC (limited + subnet broadcast)."},
                     {"method": "GET", "path": "/api/boot-log",
                      "summary": "Ring of recent boot events (timestamp, mac, ip, target)."},
@@ -2479,6 +2821,7 @@ async fn api_network(State(state): State<AppState>) -> Json<serde_json::Value> {
             .strip_prefix("http://")
             .unwrap_or(&state.public_base_url),
         "nic_name":   state.nic_name,
+        "nic_link":   state.nic_link,
         "subnet_mask": state.subnet_mask,
         "gateway":     state.gateway,
         "dns_server":  state.settings.snapshot().dns_server,
@@ -2883,11 +3226,13 @@ mod tests {
             auto_ip: Some("10.0.0.7".into()),
             unattended_file: Some("ks1".into()),
         };
+        let tokens = openpxe_core::BootTokens::new();
         let a = build_unattended_args(
             "http://h",
             &meta(UnattendedKind::Kickstart),
             Some("aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff"),
             &p,
+            &tokens,
         )
         .unwrap();
         assert!(a.starts_with("inst.ks=http://h/unattended/ks1?"), "{a}");
@@ -2895,6 +3240,9 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(a.contains("ip=10.0.0.7"), "{a}");
         // MAC colons are percent-encoded.
         assert!(a.contains("mac=aa%3Abb%3Acc%3Add%3Aee%3Aff"), "{a}");
+        // v0.7.0: a live access token rides in the generated URL.
+        let tok = a.rsplit("t=").next().unwrap();
+        assert!(tokens.check(tok, "ks1"), "minted token must be live: {a}");
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -2903,8 +3251,15 @@ mod tests {
             auto_hostname: Some("deb1".into()),
             ..Default::default()
         };
-        let a =
+        let tokens = openpxe_core::BootTokens::new();
-            build_unattended_args("http://h/", &meta(UnattendedKind::Preseed), None, &p).unwrap();
+        let a = build_unattended_args(
+            "http://h/",
+            &meta(UnattendedKind::Preseed),
+            None,
+            &p,
+            &tokens,
+        )
+        .unwrap();
         assert!(
             a.starts_with("auto=true priority=critical url=http://h/unattended/ks1"),
             "{a}"
@@ -2919,11 +3274,13 @@ mod tests {
             auto_ip: Some("10.1.1.5".into()),
             unattended_file: Some("ks1".into()),
         };
+        let tokens = openpxe_core::BootTokens::new();
         let a = build_unattended_args(
             "http://h",
             &meta(UnattendedKind::Autoinstall),
             Some("aa:bb"),
             &p,
+            &tokens,
         )
         .unwrap();
         assert!(
@@ -2933,10 +3290,12 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(a.ends_with('/'), "seed URL must end with '/': {a}");
         // The ctx segment round-trips back to the per-host values.
         let ctx = a.trim_end_matches('/').rsplit('/').next().unwrap();
-        let (mac, host, ip) = decode_seed_ctx(ctx);
+        let (mac, host, ip, token) = decode_seed_ctx(ctx);
         assert_eq!(mac.as_deref(), Some("aa:bb"));
         assert_eq!(host.as_deref(), Some("u1"));
         assert_eq!(ip.as_deref(), Some("10.1.1.5"));
+        // v0.7.0: the ctx carries a live access token for the file.
+        assert!(tokens.check(token.as_deref().unwrap(), "ks1"));
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -2945,20 +3304,26 @@ mod tests {
             unattended_file: Some("ks1".into()),
             ..Default::default()
         };
-        assert!(
+        let tokens = openpxe_core::BootTokens::new();
-            build_unattended_args("http://h", &meta(UnattendedKind::AnswerFile), None, &p)
+        assert!(build_unattended_args(
-                .is_none()
+            "http://h",
-        );
+            &meta(UnattendedKind::AnswerFile),
+            None,
+            &p,
+            &tokens
+        )
+        .is_none());
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn seed_ctx_empty_segment_decodes_to_none() {
-        let ctx = encode_seed_ctx(None, None, None);
+        let ctx = encode_seed_ctx(None, None, None, "tok");
-        let (m, h, i) = decode_seed_ctx(&ctx);
+        let (m, h, i, t) = decode_seed_ctx(&ctx);
         assert!(m.is_none() && h.is_none() && i.is_none());
+        assert_eq!(t.as_deref(), Some("tok"));
         // Garbage decodes safely to all-None.
-        let (m2, h2, i2) = decode_seed_ctx("!!!not-base64!!!");
+        let (m2, h2, i2, t2) = decode_seed_ctx("!!!not-base64!!!");
-        assert!(m2.is_none() && h2.is_none() && i2.is_none());
+        assert!(m2.is_none() && h2.is_none() && i2.is_none() && t2.is_none());
     }
 
     #[test]

crates/http-api/src/auth.rs

@@ -154,16 +154,28 @@ pub fn session_cookie(session: &str) -> String {
 
 fn parse_cookie(headers: &axum::http::HeaderMap) -> Option<String> {
     // `Cookie: a=b; c=d` parsing — small enough not to drag in a crate.
+    // Two-step strip (name, then '=') keeps this allocation-free per
+    // candidate and can't match a longer cookie name sharing the prefix.
     let raw = headers.get(header::COOKIE)?.to_str().ok()?;
     for part in raw.split(';') {
         let part = part.trim();
-        if let Some(v) = part.strip_prefix(&format!("{SESSION_COOKIE}=")) {
+        if let Some(v) = part
+            .strip_prefix(SESSION_COOKIE)
+            .and_then(|rest| rest.strip_prefix('='))
+        {
             return Some(v.to_string());
         }
     }
     None
 }
 
+/// Does this request carry a live operator session? Used by endpoints
+/// outside the `/api/*` middleware that still want to honor a logged-in
+/// operator (e.g. browser-testing a token-gated answer file, v0.7.0).
+pub(crate) fn session_authenticated(state: &AppState, headers: &axum::http::HeaderMap) -> bool {
+    parse_cookie(headers).is_some_and(|t| state.sessions.touch(&t).is_some())
+}
+
 // ── Middleware ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 /// Return `true` if `path` is on the allowlist and should bypass the
@@ -246,7 +258,14 @@ pub async fn api_setup(State(state): State<AppState>, Json(body): Json<SetupBody
         )
             .into_response();
     }
-    match state.admin.bootstrap(&body.username, &body.password) {
+    // bcrypt hashing is ~100-200 ms of pure CPU (and `bootstrap` also
+    // persists to disk synchronously) — keep it off the async workers.
+    let admin = state.admin.clone();
+    let result =
+        tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || admin.bootstrap(&body.username, &body.password))
+            .await
+            .unwrap_or_else(|e| Err(openpxe_core::Error::Other(e.into())));
+    match result {
         Ok(pub_) => {
             let session = state.sessions.create(&pub_.username);
             login_response(StatusCode::CREATED, &pub_, &session)
@@ -271,8 +290,13 @@ pub struct LoginBody {
 pub async fn api_login(State(state): State<AppState>, Json(body): Json<LoginBody>) -> Response {
     // Brief, deliberately vague — "invalid credentials" rather than
     // "no such user" / "wrong password". Same anti-enumeration posture
-    // as Sonarr/Radarr.
+    // as Sonarr/Radarr. The bcrypt verify is ~100-200 ms of pure CPU on
-    let pub_ = match state.admin.verify(&body.username, &body.password) {
+    // an unauthenticated endpoint, so it runs on the blocking pool.
+    let admin = state.admin.clone();
+    let verdict = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || admin.verify(&body.username, &body.password))
+        .await
+        .unwrap_or_else(|e| Err(openpxe_core::Error::Other(e.into())));
+    let pub_ = match verdict {
         Ok(Some(u)) => u,
         Ok(None) => {
             return (
@@ -394,11 +418,18 @@ pub async fn api_update_credentials(
         )
             .into_response();
     }
-    let result = state.admin.update_credentials(
+    // Two bcrypt operations (verify current + hash new) plus a sync disk
+    // persist — run the lot on the blocking pool.
+    let admin = state.admin.clone();
+    let result = tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+        admin.update_credentials(
             &body.current_password,
             body.new_username.as_deref(),
             body.new_password.as_deref(),
-    );
+        )
+    })
+    .await
+    .unwrap_or_else(|e| Err(openpxe_core::Error::Other(e.into())));
     match result {
         Ok(pub_) => {
             state.sessions.revoke_all();

crates/http-api/src/grub_script.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
+//! GRUB menu rendering for the Secure Boot chain (v0.7.0).
+//!
+//! Secure-Boot-enabled firmware refuses our unsigned iPXE, so those
+//! clients are automatically escalated (see `openpxe_dhcp_proxy::
+//! escalation`) to the Microsoft-signed Fedora `shim` → signed `grub`
+//! chain. GRUB then fetches `grub.cfg` from this server (TFTP `$prefix`
+//! resolution, or HTTP when the whole chain came over HTTP Boot) — and
+//! this module renders that config from the same boot-entry model that
+//! renders `boot.ipxe`.
+//!
+//! Scope: **Linux kernel entries only.** A signed GRUB will only execute
+//! kernels that pass shim verification — i.e. distro-signed kernels —
+//! which is exactly what `LinuxKernel` boot entries point at. `sanboot`
+//! ISO emulation and `wimboot` are iPXE mechanisms with no signed
+//! equivalent; those entries are omitted here, and the menu says so.
+//! (Windows deployment under Secure Boot has no legitimate unsigned
+//! path — per project policy we never ship test-signed binaries or touch
+//! client trust stores.)
+//!
+//! The kernel/initrd lines use GRUB's `(http,host:port)` device syntax;
+//! Fedora's signed netboot GRUB carries the `http`, `tftp` and `efinet`
+//! modules built in, so no unsigned module loading is required.
+
+use openpxe_iso_store::{BootKind, IsoMeta};
+use std::fmt::Write as _;
+
+/// Render the full `grub.cfg` for the signed-GRUB menu.
+///
+/// `base_url` is the public HTTP base (`http://10.0.0.5` or
+/// `http://10.0.0.5:8080`) — converted to GRUB's `(http,host:port)`
+/// device prefix for kernel/initrd fetches.
+#[must_use]
+pub fn render_grub_menu(isos: &[IsoMeta], base_url: &str) -> String {
+    let base = base_url.trim_end_matches('/');
+    let dev = grub_http_device(base);
+    let mut s = String::new();
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "# OpenPXE — Secure Boot menu (signed shim+GRUB chain)");
+    // v0.7.1: before showing the limited signed menu, try to hand the
+    // boot back to full iPXE *in this same boot cycle*. With Secure Boot
+    // OFF the chainload succeeds and the client gets the complete iPXE
+    // feature set (sanboot, wimboot, the full menu) despite having been
+    // escalated here. With Secure Boot ON, shim's verifier refuses the
+    // unsigned image INLINE — no reboot, no failed cycle — and execution
+    // falls through to the signed menu below. The all-drivers build is
+    // used because a MAC only lands here after the firmware-net build
+    // already failed once.
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "if [ \"$grub_cpu\" = \"arm64\" ]; then");
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "    set openpxe_ipxe=ipxe-arm64.efi");
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "else");
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "    set openpxe_ipxe=ipxe.efi");
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "fi");
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "if chainloader {dev}/ipxe/$openpxe_ipxe ; then");
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "    boot");
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "fi");
+    let _ = writeln!(s);
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "set timeout=30");
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "set default=0");
+    let _ = writeln!(s);
+
+    let mut entries = 0usize;
+    for iso in isos {
+        for entry in &iso.boot_entries {
+            let BootKind::LinuxKernel {
+                kernel_url,
+                initrd_urls,
+                args,
+            } = &entry.kind
+            else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            // GRUB menu titles: keep quotes out of the label.
+            let title = entry.title.replace('"', "'");
+            let cmdline = args.cmdline.replace("${base-url}", base);
+            let _ = writeln!(s, "menuentry \"{} — {title}\" {{", iso.filename);
+            let _ = writeln!(s, "    linux {dev}/{kernel_url} {cmdline}");
+            if !initrd_urls.is_empty() {
+                let _ = write!(s, "    initrd");
+                for u in initrd_urls {
+                    let _ = write!(s, " {dev}/{u}");
+                }
+                let _ = writeln!(s);
+            }
+            let _ = writeln!(s, "}}");
+            let _ = writeln!(s);
+            entries += 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if entries == 0 {
+        let _ = writeln!(
+            s,
+            "menuentry \"No Secure-Boot-bootable images on this server yet\" {{ true }}"
+        );
+        let _ = writeln!(s);
+    }
+    // Always give the operator a way off this screen.
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "menuentry \"Boot from local disk\" {{");
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "    exit");
+    let _ = writeln!(s, "}}");
+    s
+}
+
+/// `http://10.0.0.5:8080` → `(http,10.0.0.5:8080)`. GRUB wants the
+/// scheme as the device type and host[:port] as the device address.
+fn grub_http_device(base: &str) -> String {
+    let host = base
+        .trim_start_matches("http://")
+        .trim_start_matches("https://");
+    format!("(http,{host})")
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use openpxe_iso_store::{BootEntry, IsoSource, KernelArgs};
+
+    fn linux_iso() -> IsoMeta {
+        IsoMeta {
+            id: "alp".into(),
+            filename: "alpine.iso".into(),
+            size_bytes: 1,
+            sha256_hex: None,
+            uploaded_at: time::OffsetDateTime::UNIX_EPOCH,
+            source: IsoSource::Local,
+            introspection: openpxe_iso_store::IntrospectionReport::default(),
+            boot_entries: vec![BootEntry {
+                id: "alp-linux".into(),
+                title: "Linux installer".into(),
+                kind: BootKind::LinuxKernel {
+                    kernel_url: "iso/alp/boot/vmlinuz".into(),
+                    initrd_urls: vec!["iso/alp/boot/initrd".into()],
+                    args: KernelArgs {
+                        cmdline: "quiet repo=${base-url}/iso/alp.iso".into(),
+                    },
+                },
+            }],
+            category: openpxe_iso_store::IsoCategory::default(),
+            password_hash: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn renders_linux_entries_with_http_device_urls() {
+        let cfg = render_grub_menu(&[linux_iso()], "http://10.0.0.5:8080/");
+        assert!(
+            cfg.contains("menuentry \"alpine.iso — Linux installer\""),
+            "{cfg}"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            cfg.contains("linux (http,10.0.0.5:8080)/iso/alp/boot/vmlinuz quiet repo=http://10.0.0.5:8080/iso/alp.iso"),
+            "{cfg}"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            cfg.contains("initrd (http,10.0.0.5:8080)/iso/alp/boot/initrd"),
+            "{cfg}"
+        );
+        assert!(cfg.contains("Boot from local disk"), "{cfg}");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn config_tries_ipxe_chainload_before_menu() {
+        // v0.7.1: SB-off machines recover full iPXE in the same boot;
+        // SB-on machines fail the chainload inline and reach the menu.
+        let cfg = render_grub_menu(&[linux_iso()], "http://10.0.0.5:8080");
+        let chain_pos = cfg
+            .find("if chainloader (http,10.0.0.5:8080)/ipxe/$openpxe_ipxe ; then")
+            .expect("chainload attempt missing");
+        let menu_pos = cfg.find("menuentry").expect("menu missing");
+        assert!(
+            chain_pos < menu_pos,
+            "chainload must precede the menu:\n{cfg}"
+        );
+        // Arch-conditional binary selection via GRUB's $grub_cpu.
+        assert!(cfg.contains("set openpxe_ipxe=ipxe-arm64.efi"), "{cfg}");
+        assert!(cfg.contains("set openpxe_ipxe=ipxe.efi"), "{cfg}");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn sanboot_and_wimboot_entries_are_omitted() {
+        let mut iso = linux_iso();
+        iso.boot_entries = vec![BootEntry {
+            id: "win".into(),
+            title: "Windows".into(),
+            kind: BootKind::SanBootIso {
+                iso_url: "iso/win.iso".into(),
+            },
+        }];
+        let cfg = render_grub_menu(&[iso], "http://10.0.0.5");
+        assert!(!cfg.contains("Windows"), "{cfg}");
+        assert!(cfg.contains("No Secure-Boot-bootable images"), "{cfg}");
+    }
+}

crates/http-api/src/iso_fs.rs

@@ -1,135 +0,0 @@
-//! Minimal read-only ISO9660 lookup. Given an uploaded ISO file and an
-//! in-ISO path (e.g. `/casper/vmlinuz`), locate the file and return a
-//! `(start_byte, length_bytes)` pair so the HTTP handler can stream just
-//! that range from the on-disk ISO without full extraction.
-//!
-//! We only implement what we need: the Primary Volume Descriptor and Rock
-//! Ridge / Joliet extensions are ignored. Paths are matched case-insensitive
-//! against plain ISO9660 filenames (uppercase, `;1` version suffix stripped).
-//! This is sufficient for the kernel/initrd and wimboot files we serve;
-//! if a requested path isn't found, the handler returns 404 and the user
-//! can still download the whole ISO via `/iso/<id>.iso`.
-
-use std::io::{Read, Seek, SeekFrom};
-use std::path::Path;
-
-const SECTOR: u64 = 2048;
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
-pub struct FileLocation {
-    pub offset: u64,
-    pub length: u64,
-}
-
-/// Look up `in_iso_path` (leading slash optional, case-insensitive) in the
-/// ISO at `iso_path`. Returns None on any parsing or IO failure.
-pub fn lookup(iso_path: &Path, in_iso_path: &str) -> Option<FileLocation> {
-    let mut f = std::fs::File::open(iso_path).ok()?;
-    let root = read_root_directory(&mut f)?;
-    let components: Vec<&str> = in_iso_path
-        .trim_start_matches('/')
-        .split('/')
-        .filter(|c| !c.is_empty())
-        .collect();
-    if components.is_empty() {
-        return None;
-    }
-    walk(&mut f, root.offset, root.length, &components)
-}
-
-fn read_root_directory(f: &mut std::fs::File) -> Option<FileLocation> {
-    // Primary Volume Descriptor at LBA 16.
-    let mut pvd = [0u8; 2048];
-    f.seek(SeekFrom::Start(16 * SECTOR)).ok()?;
-    f.read_exact(&mut pvd).ok()?;
-    if pvd[0] != 0x01 || &pvd[1..6] != b"CD001" {
-        return None;
-    }
-    // Root directory record is at offset 156, length 34.
-    let rec = &pvd[156..156 + 34];
-    let (offset, length) = parse_dir_record_ext(rec)?;
-    Some(FileLocation {
-        offset: offset * SECTOR,
-        length,
-    })
-}
-
-/// Walk components down the directory tree starting at `dir_offset`.
-fn walk(
-    f: &mut std::fs::File,
-    dir_offset: u64,
-    dir_len: u64,
-    components: &[&str],
-) -> Option<FileLocation> {
-    let mut dir = vec![0u8; dir_len as usize];
-    f.seek(SeekFrom::Start(dir_offset)).ok()?;
-    f.read_exact(&mut dir).ok()?;
-
-    let target = components[0];
-    let rest = &components[1..];
-    let mut i = 0;
-    while i < dir.len() {
-        let len = dir[i] as usize;
-        if len == 0 {
-            // Padding to sector boundary.
-            let next = (i / SECTOR as usize + 1) * SECTOR as usize;
-            if next <= i {
-                break;
-            }
-            i = next;
-            continue;
-        }
-        if i + len > dir.len() {
-            break;
-        }
-        let rec = &dir[i..i + len];
-        let name = dir_record_name(rec);
-        let is_dir = (rec.get(25).copied().unwrap_or(0) & 0x02) != 0;
-        // Skip "." (0x00) and ".." (0x01) pseudo-entries.
-        let is_pseudo = matches!(rec.get(32).copied(), Some(1))
-            && rec.get(33).copied() == Some(0x00)
-            || matches!(rec.get(32).copied(), Some(1)) && rec.get(33).copied() == Some(0x01);
-        if !is_pseudo && name.eq_ignore_ascii_case(target) {
-            let (child_off, child_len) = parse_dir_record_ext(rec)?;
-            if rest.is_empty() && !is_dir {
-                return Some(FileLocation {
-                    offset: child_off * SECTOR,
-                    length: child_len,
-                });
-            } else if !rest.is_empty() && is_dir {
-                return walk(f, child_off * SECTOR, child_len, rest);
-            }
-        }
-        i += len;
-    }
-    None
-}
-
-/// Extract (extent LBA, data length in bytes) from a directory record.
-/// Layout per ISO9660: bytes 2..10 extent LBA (LE+BE duplicate), 10..18
-/// data length (LE+BE duplicate). We trust the little-endian copy.
-fn parse_dir_record_ext(rec: &[u8]) -> Option<(u64, u64)> {
-    if rec.len() < 34 {
-        return None;
-    }
-    let lba = u32::from_le_bytes(rec[2..6].try_into().ok()?) as u64;
-    let len = u32::from_le_bytes(rec[10..14].try_into().ok()?) as u64;
-    Some((lba, len))
-}
-
-/// Extract the identifier from a directory record, stripping ISO9660's
-/// `;1` version suffix.
-fn dir_record_name(rec: &[u8]) -> String {
-    let name_len = *rec.get(32).unwrap_or(&0) as usize;
-    if name_len == 0 || rec.len() < 33 + name_len {
-        return String::new();
-    }
-    let raw = &rec[33..33 + name_len];
-    let s = String::from_utf8_lossy(raw).to_string();
-    // Strip `;N` version suffix.
-    if let Some(i) = s.rfind(';') {
-        s[..i].to_string()
-    } else {
-        s
-    }
-}

crates/http-api/src/lib.rs

@@ -9,15 +9,16 @@
 //!     and Linux kernel/initrd, without having to
 //!     re-extract on every request)
 //!
-//! The `<id>/<path>` handler uses a read-only ISO9660 shim (see `iso_fs`)
+//! The `<id>/<path>` handler uses the read-only ISO9660 walker from
-//! that lseeks into the ISO on disk — so we never keep extracted copies.
+//! `openpxe_iso_store::iso_fs` — seeking into the image wherever it
+//! lives (local disk, NFS, SFTP), so we never keep extracted copies.
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
 pub mod app;
 pub mod auth;
 pub mod error;
+pub mod grub_script;
 pub mod ipxe_script;
-pub mod iso_fs;
 pub mod log_stream;
 pub mod notify;
 pub mod saml_routes;

crates/http-api/src/notify.rs

@@ -105,7 +105,11 @@ async fn send_email(cfg: &NotifyConfig, subject: &str, body: &str) -> Result<(),
             .trim()
             .parse()
             .map_err(|e| format!("invalid To address '{}': {e}", cfg.smtp_to))?)
-        .subject(if subject.is_empty() { "OpenPXE" } else { subject })
+        .subject(if subject.is_empty() {
+            "OpenPXE"
+        } else {
+            subject
+        })
         .body(body.to_string())
         .map_err(|e| format!("could not build email: {e}"))?;
 

crates/http-api/src/state.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ use crate::auth::SessionStore;
 use crate::saml_routes::SamlRuntime;
 use crate::uploads::UploadSessions;
 use openpxe_core::{
-    AdminStore, BootLog, BrandingStore, ClientRegistry, DeploymentQueue, HostBindings, LogBus,
+    AdminStore, BootLog, BootRulesStore, BootTokens, BrandingStore, ClientRegistry,
-    Metrics, NotifyStore, SettingsStore, SsoStore,
+    DeploymentQueue, HostBindings, LogBus, Metrics, NotifyStore, SettingsStore, SsoStore,
 };
 use openpxe_iso_store::{
     IsoStore, NfsShareManager, SftpShareManager, SmbManager, SmbShareManager, UnattendedStore,
@@ -11,6 +11,10 @@ use openpxe_iso_store::{
 use std::sync::Arc;
 use time::OffsetDateTime;
 
+/// Cached composited PXE boot-menu background: `(logo_rev, encoded PNG)`.
+/// See `AppState::pxe_bg_cache`.
+pub type PxeBgCache = Arc<parking_lot::Mutex<Option<(u64, bytes::Bytes)>>>;
+
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct AppState {
     pub iso_store: IsoStore,
@@ -25,10 +29,24 @@ pub struct AppState {
     /// every `/boot/<entry>.ipxe` chain that goes on to serve a script
     /// (i.e. an image actually starting to install on a machine).
     pub boot_log: BootLog,
+    /// v0.7.0: ordered label-based boot rules (MAC prefix / arch →
+    /// target) plus the optional boot-decision webhook. Consulted by the
+    /// top-level boot script after exact host bindings, before the menu.
+    pub boot_rules: BootRulesStore,
+    /// v0.7.0: short-lived access tokens for unattended answer files.
+    /// Minted into every generated answer-file URL; the serving endpoint
+    /// requires one (or an operator session) once an admin exists.
+    pub boot_tokens: BootTokens,
     /// Operator-controlled UI overrides (custom logo). When the
     /// operator hasn't uploaded anything, the WebUI serves the bundled
     /// rainbow-horizon mark.
     pub branding: BrandingStore,
+    /// v0.6.2: cache of the composited PXE boot-menu background PNG,
+    /// keyed on the branding logo revision. Composing costs ~50-200 ms
+    /// of image decode/encode and **every** booting client fetches it
+    /// for `console --picture` — caching makes that one compose per
+    /// logo change instead of one per boot.
+    pub pxe_bg_cache: PxeBgCache,
     /// Forms-auth admin record + first-run bootstrap state. When
     /// `admin.is_configured() == false`, the auth middleware passes
     /// every request through and `/api/me` reports `setup_required`.
@@ -98,6 +116,10 @@ pub struct AppState {
     /// `enp1s0`). Surfaced read-only on the Network tab. Empty if the
     /// interface couldn't be identified.
     pub nic_name: String,
+    /// v0.7.2: physical link summary for that NIC (operstate, speed,
+    /// duplex, port MAC) — read from sysfs at startup; empty where
+    /// unavailable. Helps confirm which port answers PXE.
+    pub nic_link: String,
     /// Subnet mask of the public interface in dotted-quad form.
     pub subnet_mask: String,
     /// Default gateway IPv4 address.

crates/http-api/tests/full_flow.rs

@@ -18,23 +18,16 @@ use openpxe_iso_store::{IsoStore, NfsShareManager, SftpShareManager, SmbShareMan
 use tempfile::tempdir;
 use tower::ServiceExt;
 
-/// Build a tiny valid ISO9660 blob with volume label "ALPINE-TEST" so
+/// Build a tiny Alpine-shaped ISO9660 image: volume label "ALPINE-TEST"
-/// introspection identifies it as Alpine.
+/// plus the real `/boot/vmlinuz-lts` + `/boot/initramfs-lts` tree.
+/// v0.7.4's probe-based introspection verifies those paths exist before
+/// emitting a kernel boot entry — a label-only blob no longer counts.
 fn fake_alpine_iso() -> Vec<u8> {
-    let mut buf = vec![0u8; 32 * 2048];
+    openpxe_iso_store::iso_fs::testiso::TestIsoBuilder::new("ALPINE-TEST")
-    let off = 16 * 2048;
+        .el_torito(true)
-    buf[off] = 0x01;
+        .file("/boot/vmlinuz-lts", b"fake-kernel-bytes")
-    buf[off + 1..off + 6].copy_from_slice(b"CD001");
+        .file("/boot/initramfs-lts", b"fake-initramfs-bytes")
-    buf[off + 6] = 0x01;
+        .build()
-    let label = b"ALPINE-TEST".to_vec();
-    let mut padded = label.clone();
-    padded.resize(32, b' ');
-    buf[off + 40..off + 40 + 32].copy_from_slice(&padded);
-    let term = 17 * 2048;
-    buf[term] = 0xFF;
-    buf[term + 1..term + 6].copy_from_slice(b"CD001");
-    buf[term + 6] = 0x01;
-    buf
 }
 
 fn multipart_iso_body(filename: &str, bytes: &[u8]) -> (String, Vec<u8>) {
@@ -115,7 +108,10 @@ async fn build_state() -> (AppState, tempfile::TempDir) {
         settings,
         hosts,
         boot_log,
+        boot_rules: openpxe_core::BootRulesStore::load_or_default(dir.path()),
+        boot_tokens: openpxe_core::BootTokens::new(),
         branding,
+        pxe_bg_cache: openpxe_http_api::state::PxeBgCache::default(),
         admin,
         sessions,
         sso,
@@ -132,6 +128,7 @@ async fn build_state() -> (AppState, tempfile::TempDir) {
         started_at: time::OffsetDateTime::now_utc(),
         public_base_url: "http://127.0.0.1".into(),
         nic_name: "lo".into(),
+        nic_link: String::new(),
         subnet_mask: "255.0.0.0".into(),
         gateway: "127.0.0.1".into(),
     };
@@ -1244,9 +1241,10 @@ async fn chunked_upload_writes_progressively_and_finishes_iso() {
                 .method("POST")
                 .uri("/api/uploads")
                 .header("content-type", "application/json")
-                .body(Body::from(
+                .body(Body::from(format!(
-                    r#"{"filename":"chunked-alpine.iso","size_bytes":65536}"#,
+                    r#"{{"filename":"chunked-alpine.iso","size_bytes":{}}}"#,
-                ))
+                    iso.len()
+                )))
                 .unwrap(),
         )
         .await
@@ -1488,9 +1486,10 @@ async fn api_docs_lists_known_endpoints() {
     }
     for needle in [
         "/api/isos",
-        "/api/isos/:id/category",
+        // v0.6.3: docs use axum 0.8's `{param}` capture syntax.
+        "/api/isos/{id}/category",
         "/api/storage/disk",
-        "/api/branding/logo/:slot",
+        "/api/branding/logo/{slot}",
         "/api/unattended",
         "/api/boot-log",
         "/metrics",
@@ -2608,3 +2607,162 @@ async fn acs_garbage_is_rejected_without_500() {
     assert!(location(&resp).contains("sso_error"));
     assert!(!has_session_cookie(&resp));
 }
+
+// ─── v0.7.0: tokenized answer files + boot rules ────────────────────────────
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn unattended_requires_token_once_admin_exists() {
+    let (state, _dir) = build_state().await;
+    let app = build_router(state.clone());
+    // Upload an answer file while in setup mode (everything open).
+    let (ct, body) =
+        multipart_iso_body("ks.ks", b"install\nrootpw s3cret\n%packages\n@core\n%end\n");
+    let (s, b) = post_multipart(&app, "/api/unattended", &ct, body).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::CREATED);
+    let id = serde_json::from_slice::<serde_json::Value>(&b).unwrap()["id"]
+        .as_str()
+        .unwrap()
+        .to_string();
+    // Pre-setup, the file serves openly (bootstrap parity with the
+    // auth middleware).
+    let (s, _) = get(&app, &format!("/unattended/{id}")).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::OK);
+
+    // Create the admin → the gate arms.
+    let (s, _, cookies) = post_collect(
+        &app,
+        "/api/setup",
+        r#"{"username":"admin","password":"hunter2hunter2"}"#,
+    )
+    .await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::CREATED);
+    let session = session_value(&cookies).unwrap();
+
+    // Bare fetch (the CVE-2026-0386 harvesting pattern) is refused.
+    let (s, _) = get(&app, &format!("/unattended/{id}")).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED);
+    // Garbage token is refused.
+    let (s, _) = get(&app, &format!("/unattended/{id}?t=bogus")).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED);
+    // A token minted for a *different* file is refused.
+    let other = state.boot_tokens.mint("some-other-file");
+    let (s, _) = get(&app, &format!("/unattended/{id}?t={other}")).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED);
+    // The boot-scoped token OpenPXE mints into generated URLs passes.
+    let tok = state.boot_tokens.mint(&id);
+    let (s, b) = get(&app, &format!("/unattended/{id}?t={tok}")).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::OK);
+    assert!(String::from_utf8_lossy(&b).contains("rootpw"));
+    // A logged-in operator (browser testing) passes too.
+    let (s, _) = get_with_cookie(&app, &format!("/unattended/{id}"), &session).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::OK);
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn boot_script_for_pinned_unattended_carries_live_token() {
+    let (state, _dir) = build_state().await;
+    let app = build_router(state.clone());
+    let (ct, body) = multipart_iso_body("fake-alpine.iso", &fake_alpine_iso());
+    let (s, _) = post_multipart(&app, "/api/isos", &ct, body).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::CREATED);
+    let (ct, body) = multipart_iso_body("ks.ks", b"install\n%packages\n@core\n%end\n");
+    let (s, b) = post_multipart(&app, "/api/unattended", &ct, body).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::CREATED);
+    let ks_id = serde_json::from_slice::<serde_json::Value>(&b).unwrap()["id"]
+        .as_str()
+        .unwrap()
+        .to_string();
+    let mac = "aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:71";
+    let pin =
+        format!(r#"{{"mac":"{mac}","target":"fake-alpine-linux","unattended_file":"{ks_id}"}}"#);
+    let (s, _) = post_json(&app, "/api/hosts", &pin).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::CREATED);
+    let (s, b) = get(&app, &format!("/boot/fake-alpine-linux.ipxe?mac={mac}")).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::OK);
+    let script = String::from_utf8_lossy(&b).into_owned();
+    // The injected inst.ks URL ends with a token that is live for the file.
+    let tok = script
+        .split("t=")
+        .nth(1)
+        .and_then(|rest| rest.split_whitespace().next())
+        .expect("kernel arg should carry t=<token>");
+    assert!(
+        state.boot_tokens.check(tok, &ks_id),
+        "token in boot script must be live:\n{script}"
+    );
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn boot_rules_match_and_persist_via_api() {
+    let (state, _dir) = build_state().await;
+    let app = build_router(state);
+    let (ct, body) = multipart_iso_body("fake-alpine.iso", &fake_alpine_iso());
+    let (s, _) = post_multipart(&app, "/api/isos", &ct, body).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::CREATED);
+
+    // Save a rule: any MAC under aa:bb:cc, any arch → the Linux entry.
+    let cfg = r#"{"rules":[{"mac_prefix":"AA-BB-CC","arch":"","target":"fake-alpine-linux","enabled":true,"note":"rack"}],"webhook_url":""}"#;
+    let (s, _) = put_json(&app, "/api/boot-rules", cfg).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::NO_CONTENT);
+    // The config reads back (prefix normalized to colons).
+    let (s, b) = get(&app, "/api/boot-rules").await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::OK);
+    let v: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_slice(&b).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(v["rules"][0]["mac_prefix"], "aa:bb:cc");
+
+    // A matching client short-circuits to the target...
+    let (s, b) = get(&app, "/boot.ipxe?mac=aa:bb:cc:00:00:09&arch=uefi-x64").await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::OK);
+    let script = String::from_utf8_lossy(&b);
+    assert!(
+        script.contains("boot rule -> fake-alpine-linux"),
+        "rule did not chain:\n{script}"
+    );
+    // ...while a non-matching one still gets the menu.
+    let (s, b) = get(&app, "/boot.ipxe?mac=11:22:33:00:00:09&arch=uefi-x64").await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::OK);
+    assert!(
+        String::from_utf8_lossy(&b).contains("menu"),
+        "non-matching client should see the menu"
+    );
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn arch_selective_rule_ignores_other_arches() {
+    let (state, _dir) = build_state().await;
+    let app = build_router(state);
+    let (ct, body) = multipart_iso_body("fake-alpine.iso", &fake_alpine_iso());
+    let (s, _) = post_multipart(&app, "/api/isos", &ct, body).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::CREATED);
+    let cfg = r#"{"rules":[{"mac_prefix":"","arch":"uefi-arm64","target":"fake-alpine-linux","enabled":true,"note":""}],"webhook_url":""}"#;
+    let (s, _) = put_json(&app, "/api/boot-rules", cfg).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::NO_CONTENT);
+    // x64 client: no match → menu.
+    let (s, b) = get(&app, "/boot.ipxe?mac=aa:bb:cc:00:00:01&arch=uefi-x64").await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::OK);
+    assert!(!String::from_utf8_lossy(&b).contains("boot rule ->"));
+    // arm64 client: match.
+    let (s, b) = get(&app, "/boot.ipxe?mac=aa:bb:cc:00:00:01&arch=uefi-arm64").await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::OK);
+    assert!(String::from_utf8_lossy(&b).contains("boot rule -> fake-alpine-linux"));
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn boot_rule_driver_mode_pin_round_trips_via_api() {
+    // v0.7.1: a rule may pin only a boot binary (no target) — the API
+    // must persist and return it for the DHCP proxy to consult.
+    let (state, _dir) = build_state().await;
+    let app = build_router(state.clone());
+    let cfg = r#"{"rules":[{"mac_prefix":"aa:bb:cc","arch":"","target":"","driver_mode":"shim","enabled":true,"note":"SB rack"}],"webhook_url":""}"#;
+    let (s, _) = put_json(&app, "/api/boot-rules", cfg).await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::NO_CONTENT);
+    let (s, b) = get(&app, "/api/boot-rules").await;
+    assert_eq!(s, StatusCode::OK);
+    let v: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_slice(&b).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(v["rules"][0]["driver_mode"], "shim");
+    // And the store the DHCP proxy shares resolves the pin.
+    assert_eq!(
+        state.boot_rules.driver_mode_hint("aa:bb:cc:00:00:07", None),
+        Some(openpxe_core::DriverMode::Shim)
+    );
+}

crates/ipxe-assets/src/lib.rs

@@ -6,43 +6,40 @@
 //! missing, that architecture simply won't have PXE support — we log at
 //! startup and serve what we have.
 //!
-//! Filename convention (matches `ClientArch::ipxe_bootfile`):
+//! Filename convention (matches `ClientArch::ipxe_bootfile_mode`):
+//!
+//! DriverMode::Firmware (default — reuse the firmware UNDI/SNP NIC stack):
 //!   - `undionly.kpxe`       — Legacy x86 BIOS
 //!   - `snponly-i386.efi`    — IA32 UEFI
 //!   - `snponly.efi`         — x86_64 UEFI
-//!   - `snponly-arm32.efi`   — ARM32 UEFI
 //!   - `snponly-arm64.efi`   — ARM64 UEFI
-//!   - `ipxe.efi` (fallback) — UEFI with bundled drivers, if snponly fails on a NIC
+//!
+//! DriverMode::Builtin (v0.6.1 automatic fallback — iPXE's own NIC drivers,
+//! advertised when a firmware-net boot fails to chainload):
+//!   - `ipxe.pxe`            — Legacy x86 BIOS
+//!   - `ipxe-i386.efi`       — IA32 UEFI
+//!   - `ipxe.efi`            — x86_64 UEFI (built from source with PNG)
+//!   - `ipxe-arm64.efi`      — ARM64 UEFI
+//!
 //!   - `wimboot`             — Windows boot shim (fetched separately for WIM chains)
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
-use openpxe_core::ClientArch;
+use openpxe_core::{ClientArch, DriverMode};
 use rust_embed::Embed;
 
 #[derive(Embed)]
 #[folder = "../../assets/ipxe/"]
 #[include = "*.kpxe"]
 #[include = "*.efi"]
+#[include = "*.pxe"]
 #[include = "wimboot"]
 pub struct IpxeAssets;
 
-/// Return the embedded iPXE binary for `arch`, or `None` if we didn't bundle
+/// Return a named embedded asset (e.g. `snponly.efi`, `wimboot`) as a
-/// one for that architecture.
+/// `Cow` over the embedded bytes. In release builds the data is borrowed
-#[must_use]
+/// straight from the binary's rodata — **zero copy** — which matters
-pub fn bootfile_bytes(arch: ClientArch) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
+/// because the TFTP and HTTP serving paths hit this for every boot
-    let name = arch.ipxe_bootfile()?;
+/// (`ipxe.efi` is ~1 MiB). Debug builds read from disk and return Owned.
-    IpxeAssets::get(name).map(|f| f.data.into_owned())
-}
-
-/// Return a named asset directly (e.g. `wimboot`, or a fallback `ipxe.efi`).
-#[must_use]
-pub fn asset_bytes(name: &str) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
-    IpxeAssets::get(name).map(|f| f.data.into_owned())
-}
-
-/// Same as [`asset_bytes`] but returns the embedded slice directly,
-/// avoiding the heap copy when the caller only needs to read the
-/// payload. Falls back to None for unknown names.
 #[must_use]
 pub fn asset_slice(name: &str) -> Option<std::borrow::Cow<'static, [u8]>> {
     IpxeAssets::get(name).map(|f| f.data)
@@ -56,25 +53,48 @@ pub fn list_assets() -> Vec<String> {
         .collect()
 }
 
-/// Log at startup which iPXE binaries are present and which are missing.
+/// Log at startup which iPXE binaries are present and which are missing, for
+/// both driver modes. The Firmware-mode binaries are required for PXE on each
+/// arch; the Builtin-mode binaries are the optional automatic NIC-driver
+/// fallback (v0.6.1) — without one, escalation simply can't help that arch.
 pub fn log_availability() {
     let have: std::collections::HashSet<String> = list_assets().into_iter().collect();
-    let needed = [
+    let arches = [
-        (ClientArch::LegacyX86, "undionly.kpxe"),
+        ClientArch::LegacyX86,
-        (ClientArch::Ia32Uefi, "snponly-i386.efi"),
+        ClientArch::Ia32Uefi,
-        (ClientArch::X64Uefi, "snponly.efi"),
+        ClientArch::X64Uefi,
-        // ARM32 UEFI deferred — no upstream snponly binary published.
+        // ARM32 UEFI deferred — no upstream binary published in either mode.
-        (ClientArch::Arm64Uefi, "snponly-arm64.efi"),
+        ClientArch::Arm64Uefi,
     ];
-    for (arch, name) in needed {
+    for arch in arches {
+        for mode in [DriverMode::Firmware, DriverMode::Builtin, DriverMode::Shim] {
+            let Some(name) = arch.ipxe_bootfile_mode(mode) else {
+                continue;
+            };
             if have.contains(name) {
-            tracing::info!(target: "openpxe::ipxe", "bundled iPXE for {}: {}", arch.as_str(), name);
+                tracing::info!(
-        } else {
+                    target: "openpxe::ipxe",
+                    "bundled iPXE for {} [{mode:?}]: {name}", arch.as_str()
+                );
+            } else if mode == DriverMode::Firmware {
                 tracing::warn!(
                     target: "openpxe::ipxe",
-                "MISSING iPXE binary for {}: {} — clients of this arch will not PXE boot",
+                    "MISSING iPXE binary for {} [{mode:?}]: {name} — clients of this arch will not PXE boot",
-                arch.as_str(), name
+                    arch.as_str()
+                );
+            } else if mode == DriverMode::Builtin {
+                tracing::info!(
+                    target: "openpxe::ipxe",
+                    "no built-in-driver fallback for {} [{mode:?}]: {name} — auto NIC driver escalation unavailable for this arch",
+                    arch.as_str()
+                );
+            } else {
+                tracing::info!(
+                    target: "openpxe::ipxe",
+                    "no signed shim chain for {} [{mode:?}]: {name} — Secure Boot clients of this arch can't be served",
+                    arch.as_str()
                 );
             }
         }
     }
+}

crates/iso-store/Cargo.toml

@@ -49,3 +49,11 @@ futures = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 tempfile = "3.12"
+
+[features]
+# v0.7.4: exposes the in-memory ISO9660 test-image builder
+# (`iso_fs::testiso`) to other crates' integration tests, so http-api's
+# full-flow tests can synthesize ISOs with real directory trees — the
+# probe-based introspection no longer classifies label-only blobs.
+# Never enabled in production builds.
+test-image = []

crates/iso-store/src/introspect.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,33 @@
 //! ISO introspection — identify the distro family and locate kernel/initrd.
 //!
-//! We avoid a full ISO9660/Joliet/Rock-Ridge parser by reading a small number
+//! v0.7.4 rewrite: detection is **probe-based**. Instead of grepping raw
-//! of well-known files via `isoinfo` (from cdrtools/genisoimage) when it's on
+//! sectors for filename strings (which false-positived — any Linux ISO
-//! the path. As a pure-Rust fallback we do a crude scan: read the volume
+//! shipping GRUB/syslinux chainload modules contains the literal
-//! descriptor at offset 0x8000 to grab the volume label, and grep for known
+//! "bootmgr", so gparted-live classified as Windows), we walk the
-//! filenames by scanning raw sectors — good enough to tell Debian from RHEL
+//! ISO9660 directory tree via [`crate::iso_fs`] and check whether the
-//! most of the time, without shelling out.
+//! well-known boot files actually exist. The same probes run over local
+//! files and remote NFS/SFTP shares — remote ISOs finally classify
+//! instead of registering as `Unknown`.
 //!
-//! The returned `IntrospectionReport` is what `BootEntry`s get generated from.
+//! Layered, first-decisive-answer-wins:
+//!   1. PVD volume label → family hint.
+//!   2. El Torito boot-catalog presence (the "bootable at all" signal).
+//!   3. `/sources/boot.wim` directory probe → Windows install media.
+//!   4. Linux probe table → verified kernel+initrd paths. A probe match
+//!      both classifies the family and (for the families whose boot
+//!      arguments we render) yields kernel paths that are *known to
+//!      exist* — no more guessed paths that 404 at boot.
+//!   5. Bulk byte scan for UDF Windows markers — local images only
+//!      (modern Windows ISOs hide their tree from ISO9660; remote scans
+//!      skip this so a share rescan doesn't stream 16 MiB per ISO).
+//!   6. Filename tokens — the last-resort hint, and the only signal
+//!      available for SMB shares (smbclient cannot seek).
+//!
+//! The returned `IntrospectionReport` is what `BootEntry`s get generated
+//! from.
 
+use crate::iso_fs::{self, CachingReadAt, FileReadAt, IsoReadAt, SECTOR};
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use std::io::{Read, Seek, SeekFrom};
 use std::path::Path;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize, Default)]
@@ -30,18 +47,26 @@ pub enum DistroFamily {
 /// re-classify already-uploaded ISOs. On startup the store re-runs
 /// `introspect` on any *local* ISO whose persisted report predates this
 /// revision (see `IsoStore::load_from_disk`), so an upgrade fixes stale
-/// metadata — e.g. a Windows 11 ISO tagged `Unknown` by an older binary —
+/// metadata without the operator having to delete and re-upload.
-/// without the operator having to delete and re-upload it.
 ///
 /// rev 1 (v0.5.9): added El Torito boot-catalog detection + broadened
-/// Windows (UDF/UTF-16) detection becomes retroactive.
+/// Windows (UDF/UTF-16) detection.
-pub const INTROSPECT_REV: u32 = 1;
+/// rev 2 (v0.7.4): probe-based detection. Fixes Linux live ISOs that
+/// classified as Windows via the raw "bootmgr" byte grep, verifies
+/// kernel/initrd paths exist before emitting them, and adds the Debian
+/// live / netinst / CoreOS shapes. Remote (NFS/SFTP) introspection
+/// caches key off this rev too, so the cache self-invalidates.
+pub const INTROSPECT_REV: u32 = 2;
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct IntrospectionReport {
     pub family: DistroFamily,
     pub volume_label: Option<String>,
-    /// Kernel path inside the ISO (e.g. `/casper/vmlinuz`, `/isolinux/vmlinuz`).
+    /// Kernel path inside the ISO (e.g. `/casper/vmlinuz`). v0.7.4: only
+    /// set when the path was verified to exist *and* the family's boot
+    /// arguments are known-good for direct kernel boot; families we can
+    /// only classify (Debian live, CoreOS live) leave it `None` so the
+    /// entry generator falls back to sanboot instead of a broken boot.
     pub kernel_path: Option<String>,
     /// Initrd path(s) inside the ISO. May be multiple for multi-initrd setups.
     pub initrd_paths: Vec<String>,
@@ -55,118 +80,242 @@ pub struct IntrospectionReport {
     /// appliance bundle) has no boot catalog and reports `false`. v0.5.9.
     #[serde(default)]
     pub el_torito: bool,
-    /// Revision of the introspection logic that produced this report. Old
+    /// Revision of the introspection logic that produced this report.
-    /// `meta.json` files without the field deserialize as 0, which is
+    /// `0` means "never introspected" (pre-v0.5.9 metadata, or a remote
-    /// below [`INTROSPECT_REV`], triggering a one-time re-introspect on
+    /// ISO whose probe hasn't run / can't run) — the entry generator
-    /// the next startup. v0.5.9.
+    /// treats those optimistically (sanboot) and the UI labels them.
     #[serde(default)]
     pub introspect_rev: u32,
 }
 
-/// Probe an ISO file on disk. Never fails — on unrecoverable IO error we log
+/// One row of the Linux detection table.
-/// and return an `Unknown` family so the uploader still sees a record.
+///
+/// `emit_kernel` distinguishes "we can boot this directly" from "we can
+/// only classify it". Families marked `false` have boot protocols our
+/// cmdline renderer doesn't speak yet (Debian-live `boot=live fetch=`,
+/// d-i netinst, CoreOS `coreos.live.rootfs_url=`) — for those the probe
+/// sets the family for the UI/menu but leaves `kernel_path` unset so the
+/// ISO keeps its (working) sanboot entry instead of gaining a broken
+/// kernel one. Strictly fewer broken boots than guessing.
+struct LinuxProbe {
+    family: DistroFamily,
+    kernel: &'static str,
+    initrd_candidates: &'static [&'static str],
+    emit_kernel: bool,
+}
+
+const LINUX_PROBES: &[LinuxProbe] = &[
+    // Ubuntu and friends (casper) — the classic direct-boot shape.
+    LinuxProbe {
+        family: DistroFamily::DebianUbuntu,
+        kernel: "/casper/vmlinuz",
+        initrd_candidates: &["/casper/initrd", "/casper/initrd.lz", "/casper/initrd.gz"],
+        emit_kernel: true,
+    },
+    // Debian-live derivatives: gparted-live, Clonezilla, Kali live, tails.
+    // Classification only — live-boot needs `boot=live fetch=<squashfs>`
+    // which we don't render yet; sanboot of these images works today.
+    LinuxProbe {
+        family: DistroFamily::DebianUbuntu,
+        kernel: "/live/vmlinuz",
+        initrd_candidates: &["/live/initrd.img", "/live/initrd"],
+        emit_kernel: false,
+    },
+    // Debian installer (netinst/DVD). Classification only for the same
+    // reason — d-i sanboots fine.
+    LinuxProbe {
+        family: DistroFamily::DebianUbuntu,
+        kernel: "/install.amd/vmlinuz",
+        initrd_candidates: &["/install.amd/initrd.gz"],
+        emit_kernel: false,
+    },
+    // Anaconda family: RHEL, CentOS, Alma, Rocky, Fedora — and their
+    // many derivatives (Cisco ISE, Nagios appliances, …). The CoreOS
+    // variant of this shape is special-cased after the table.
+    LinuxProbe {
+        family: DistroFamily::RhelFedora,
+        kernel: "/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz",
+        initrd_candidates: &["/images/pxeboot/initrd.img"],
+        emit_kernel: true,
+    },
+    LinuxProbe {
+        family: DistroFamily::OpenSuse,
+        kernel: "/boot/x86_64/loader/linux",
+        initrd_candidates: &["/boot/x86_64/loader/initrd"],
+        emit_kernel: true,
+    },
+    LinuxProbe {
+        family: DistroFamily::Arch,
+        kernel: "/arch/boot/x86_64/vmlinuz-linux",
+        initrd_candidates: &["/arch/boot/x86_64/initramfs-linux.img"],
+        emit_kernel: true,
+    },
+    LinuxProbe {
+        family: DistroFamily::Alpine,
+        kernel: "/boot/vmlinuz-lts",
+        initrd_candidates: &["/boot/initramfs-lts"],
+        emit_kernel: true,
+    },
+];
+
+/// CoreOS-style live images (RHCOS, FCOS, OpenShift agent ISOs) carry
+/// the anaconda pxeboot layout *plus* a rootfs image. Direct kernel boot
+/// of those requires `coreos.live.rootfs_url=` (and for agent ISOs, the
+/// ignition config embedded in the ISO device) — neither of which a
+/// plain `inst.repo=` cmdline provides. Their sanboot path works, so
+/// they classify as RHEL-family but keep the sanboot entry.
+const COREOS_ROOTFS: &str = "/images/pxeboot/rootfs.img";
+
+/// Probe an ISO file on disk. Never fails — on unrecoverable IO error we
+/// log and return an `Unknown` family so the uploader still sees a record.
 pub fn introspect(path: &Path) -> IntrospectionReport {
+    let filename = path
+        .file_name()
+        .map(|s| s.to_string_lossy().into_owned())
+        .unwrap_or_default();
+    let Ok(f) = std::fs::File::open(path) else {
+        tracing::warn!(target: "openpxe::iso", "cannot open ISO for introspection: {}", path.display());
+        return IntrospectionReport {
+            introspect_rev: INTROSPECT_REV,
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+    };
+    let len = f.metadata().map_or(0, |m| m.len());
+    // `FileReadAt` completes every read inline (no real awaits), so this
+    // light-weight block_on never parks; callers already run us on the
+    // blocking pool.
+    futures::executor::block_on(introspect_reader(
+        &mut FileReadAt::new(f),
+        len,
+        &filename,
+        true,
+    ))
+}
+
+/// The detection core, generic over any random-access source. `total_len`
+/// is the image size (every caller knows it — file metadata locally, the
+/// share listing remotely) and bounds the bulk scan, since `IsoReadAt`
+/// reads are exact-or-error. `filename` feeds the last-resort token
+/// heuristics; `allow_bulk_scan` gates the 16 MiB UDF-Windows byte scan
+/// (local files only — remote shares would stream that much per ISO per
+/// rescan).
+pub async fn introspect_reader<R: IsoReadAt + Send>(
+    r: &mut R,
+    total_len: u64,
+    filename: &str,
+    allow_bulk_scan: bool,
+) -> IntrospectionReport {
     let mut report = IntrospectionReport {
         introspect_rev: INTROSPECT_REV,
         ..Default::default()
     };
 
-    let Ok(mut f) = std::fs::File::open(path) else {
+    // ISO9660 Primary Volume Descriptor at LBA 16. Bytes 40..72 are the
-        tracing::warn!(target: "openpxe::iso", "cannot open ISO for introspection: {}", path.display());
+    // volume identifier (space-padded).
-        return report;
+    if let Ok(pvd) = r.read_at(16 * SECTOR, 2048).await {
-    };
-
-    // ISO9660 Primary Volume Descriptor at LBA 16 (offset 0x8000), 2048 bytes.
-    // Bytes 40..72 are the Volume Identifier (space-padded, d-characters).
-    let mut pvd = [0u8; 2048];
-    if f.seek(SeekFrom::Start(0x8000)).is_ok() && f.read_exact(&mut pvd).is_ok() {
-        // Byte 0 must be 0x01 (primary descriptor), bytes 1..6 = "CD001".
         if pvd[0] == 0x01 && &pvd[1..6] == b"CD001" {
-            let label_raw = &pvd[40..72];
+            let label = String::from_utf8_lossy(&pvd[40..72]).trim().to_string();
-            let label = String::from_utf8_lossy(label_raw).trim().to_string();
             if !label.is_empty() {
-                report.volume_label = Some(label.clone());
                 report.family = family_from_label(&label);
+                report.volume_label = Some(label);
             }
         }
     }
 
-    // Does the ISO have an El Torito boot catalog? This is what decides
+    report.el_torito = detect_el_torito(r).await;
-    // whether an ISO we *can't* otherwise classify is bootable at all —
-    // a bootable ISO sanboots; a data/appliance ISO (no catalog) can't.
-    report.el_torito = detect_el_torito(&mut f);
 
-    // Cheap content scan: read the first ~64 MiB, look for signature filenames.
+    // Directory-tree probes. The caching wrapper collapses the repeated
-    // This is enough to identify `sources/boot.wim` (Windows) and common
+    // root/subdirectory reads the probe table would otherwise issue —
-    // kernel/initrd paths for the major Linux distros.
+    // over NFS/SFTP that's the difference between ~6 and ~60 round-trips.
-    let _ = f.seek(SeekFrom::Start(0));
-    let scan_bytes = 64 * 1024 * 1024;
-    let mut buf = vec![0u8; 1024 * 1024];
-    let mut read_total = 0usize;
-    let mut haystack = Vec::with_capacity(scan_bytes.min(32 * 1024 * 1024));
-    while read_total < scan_bytes {
-        let n = f.read(&mut buf).unwrap_or(0);
-        if n == 0 {
-            break;
-        }
-        haystack.extend_from_slice(&buf[..n]);
-        read_total += n;
-    }
-
-    // `sources/boot.wim` is the definitive Windows-install-media marker
-    // when the ISO exposes ASCII (ISO9660/Joliet) names. `contains_ascii`
-    // is case-insensitive, so one form covers BOOT.WIM / boot.wim and the
-    // backslash variant.
-    if contains_ascii(&haystack, b"sources/boot.wim")
-        || contains_ascii(&haystack, b"sources\\boot.wim")
     {
+        let mut cr = CachingReadAt::new(r);
+
+        if iso_fs::exists(&mut cr, "/sources/boot.wim").await {
             report.has_boot_wim = true;
             report.family = DistroFamily::WindowsPe;
+        } else {
+            for probe in LINUX_PROBES {
+                if !iso_fs::exists(&mut cr, probe.kernel).await {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                let mut initrd = None;
+                for cand in probe.initrd_candidates {
+                    if iso_fs::exists(&mut cr, cand).await {
+                        initrd = Some((*cand).to_string());
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+                let Some(initrd) = initrd else { continue };
+                // Content beats label: a rebadged derivative (volume
+                // label "ISE-3.2") with the anaconda layout is
+                // RHEL-family no matter what the label says.
+                report.family = probe.family;
+                let coreos = probe.family == DistroFamily::RhelFedora
+                    && iso_fs::exists(&mut cr, COREOS_ROOTFS).await;
+                if probe.emit_kernel && !coreos {
+                    report.kernel_path = Some(probe.kernel.to_string());
+                    report.initrd_paths = vec![initrd];
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+        }
     }
 
-    // v0.5.8: broaden Windows detection. Modern Windows 10/11 ISOs are
+    // Modern Windows 10/11 ISOs are UDF — their tree is invisible to the
-    // UDF — filenames are stored as UTF-16 (so the ASCII scan above misses
+    // ISO9660 walk and the volume label is a cryptic Microsoft string.
-    // them) and the volume label is a cryptic Microsoft string (so
+    // Scan the first 16 MiB for well-known markers, ASCII and UTF-16LE.
-    // `family_from_label` misses it too). Booting is via HTTP sanboot of
+    // Runs after the Linux probes so a Linux ISO that *contains* the
-    // the raw ISO (no boot.wim extraction), so we only need the *family*.
+    // string "bootmgr" (GRUB/syslinux chainload modules do) has already
-    // Catch the common cases: well-known Windows markers in either ASCII
+    // classified and never reaches this — that ordering is the v0.7.4
-    // or UTF-16LE within the first 16 MiB, plus a filename hint.
+    // gparted-misdetection fix.
-    if report.family == DistroFamily::Unknown {
+    if report.family == DistroFamily::Unknown && allow_bulk_scan {
-        let head = &haystack[..haystack.len().min(16 * 1024 * 1024)];
+        if let Some(win) = bulk_windows_scan(r, total_len).await {
-        let ascii_markers: [&[u8]; 4] = [
-            b"bootmgr",
-            b"sources/install.wim",
-            b"sources/install.esd",
-            b"efi/microsoft",
-        ];
-        let utf16_markers = ["bootmgr", "boot.wim", "install.wim", "microsoft"];
-        let looks_windows = ascii_markers.iter().any(|m| contains_ascii(head, m))
-            || utf16_markers.iter().any(|m| contains_utf16le_ci(head, m))
-            || filename_looks_windows(path);
-        if looks_windows {
             report.family = DistroFamily::WindowsPe;
+            report.has_boot_wim = win;
         }
     }
 
-    // Best-effort kernel/initrd path guess from family. These paths are what
+    // Last resort: filename tokens. The only signal for SMB-sourced ISOs
-    // distro ISOs conventionally ship at — we don't verify extraction here;
+    // and renamed/UDF images that defeated everything above.
-    // that happens in the store after introspection.
+    if report.family == DistroFamily::Unknown {
-    let (k, i) = guess_kernel_initrd(report.family);
+        report.family = family_from_filename(filename);
-    report.kernel_path = k.map(str::to_string);
+    }
-    report.initrd_paths = i.iter().map(std::string::ToString::to_string).collect();
 
     report
 }
 
+/// Provisional report for a remote ISO that hasn't been (or can't be)
+/// content-probed yet: family from the filename, `introspect_rev` left
+/// at 0 so the entry generator keeps the optimistic sanboot entry and
+/// the UI shows it as awaiting introspection. Used by all three share
+/// managers at registration; NFS/SFTP upgrade it in the background.
+#[must_use]
+pub fn provisional_report(filename: &str) -> IntrospectionReport {
+    IntrospectionReport {
+        family: family_from_filename(filename),
+        ..Default::default()
+    }
+}
+
 fn family_from_label(label: &str) -> DistroFamily {
     let l = label.to_ascii_lowercase();
-    if l.contains("ubuntu") || l.contains("debian") || l.contains("mint") {
+    if l.contains("ubuntu")
+        || l.contains("debian")
+        || l.contains("mint")
+        || l.contains("kali")
+        || l.contains("gparted")
+        || l.contains("clonezilla")
+    {
         DistroFamily::DebianUbuntu
     } else if l.contains("rhel")
         || l.contains("centos")
         || l.contains("fedora")
         || l.contains("rocky")
         || l.contains("alma")
+        || l.contains("rhcos")
+        || l.contains("coreos")
+        || l.contains("openshift")
+        || l.contains("okd")
     {
         DistroFamily::RhelFedora
     } else if l.contains("suse") || l.contains("opensuse") {
@@ -182,23 +331,91 @@ fn family_from_label(label: &str) -> DistroFamily {
     }
 }
 
-fn guess_kernel_initrd(family: DistroFamily) -> (Option<&'static str>, Vec<&'static str>) {
+/// Filename token heuristic — `AlmaLinux-9.5-x86_64-dvd.iso` says what
-    match family {
+/// it is even when we can't read a byte of it. Tokens are the filename
-        DistroFamily::DebianUbuntu => (Some("/casper/vmlinuz"), vec!["/casper/initrd"]),
+/// split on every non-alphanumeric character, so "almalinux", "rhel",
-        DistroFamily::RhelFedora => (
+/// "win11" match without "search" tripping the "arch" token.
-            Some("/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz"),
+pub fn family_from_filename(filename: &str) -> DistroFamily {
-            vec!["/images/pxeboot/initrd.img"],
+    if filename_looks_windows(filename) {
-        ),
+        return DistroFamily::WindowsPe;
-        DistroFamily::OpenSuse => (
+    }
-            Some("/boot/x86_64/loader/linux"),
+    let lower = filename.to_ascii_lowercase();
-            vec!["/boot/x86_64/loader/initrd"],
+    let tokens: Vec<&str> = lower
-        ),
+        .split(|c: char| !c.is_ascii_alphanumeric())
-        DistroFamily::Arch => (
+        .filter(|t| !t.is_empty())
-            Some("/arch/boot/x86_64/vmlinuz-linux"),
+        .collect();
-            vec!["/arch/boot/x86_64/initramfs-linux.img"],
+    let has = |t: &str| tokens.contains(&t);
-        ),
+    if has("ubuntu")
-        DistroFamily::Alpine => (Some("/boot/vmlinuz-lts"), vec!["/boot/initramfs-lts"]),
+        || has("debian")
-        DistroFamily::WindowsPe | DistroFamily::Unknown => (None, Vec::new()),
+        || has("mint")
+        || has("kali")
+        || has("gparted")
+        || has("clonezilla")
+        || has("tails")
+    {
+        DistroFamily::DebianUbuntu
+    } else if has("rhel")
+        || has("centos")
+        || has("almalinux")
+        || has("alma")
+        || has("rocky")
+        || has("rockylinux")
+        || has("fedora")
+        || has("rhcos")
+        || has("coreos")
+        || has("openshift")
+        || has("okd")
+    {
+        DistroFamily::RhelFedora
+    } else if has("opensuse") || has("suse") || has("sles") {
+        DistroFamily::OpenSuse
+    } else if has("arch") || has("archlinux") || has("manjaro") {
+        DistroFamily::Arch
+    } else if has("alpine") {
+        DistroFamily::Alpine
+    } else {
+        DistroFamily::Unknown
+    }
+}
+
+/// Scan the first 16 MiB (or the whole image when smaller) for Windows
+/// markers. Returns `Some(has_boot_wim)` on a hit, `None` when nothing
+/// Windows-shaped is found.
+async fn bulk_windows_scan<R: IsoReadAt + Send>(r: &mut R, total_len: u64) -> Option<bool> {
+    const SCAN_BYTES: u64 = 16 * 1024 * 1024;
+    const CHUNK: u64 = 1024 * 1024;
+    let budget = SCAN_BYTES.min(total_len);
+    let mut haystack = Vec::with_capacity(usize::try_from(budget).unwrap_or(0));
+    let mut offset = 0u64;
+    while offset < budget {
+        // Reads are exact-or-error, so clamp the final chunk to what the
+        // image actually has — netboot.xyz is 2.3 MB, not 16.
+        let want = u32::try_from(CHUNK.min(budget - offset)).unwrap_or(u32::MAX);
+        let Ok(chunk) = r.read_at(offset, want).await else {
+            break; // read error: scan what we have
+        };
+        offset += chunk.len() as u64;
+        haystack.extend_from_slice(&chunk);
+    }
+    if haystack.is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let boot_wim = contains_ascii(&haystack, b"sources/boot.wim")
+        || contains_ascii(&haystack, b"sources\\boot.wim")
+        || contains_utf16le_ci(&haystack, "boot.wim");
+    if boot_wim {
+        return Some(true);
+    }
+    let ascii_markers: [&[u8]; 3] = [b"bootmgr", b"sources/install.wim", b"sources/install.esd"];
+    let utf16_markers = ["bootmgr", "install.wim", "microsoft"];
+    let hit = ascii_markers.iter().any(|m| contains_ascii(&haystack, m))
+        || utf16_markers
+            .iter()
+            .any(|m| contains_utf16le_ci(&haystack, m));
+    if hit {
+        Some(false)
+    } else {
+        None
     }
 }
 
@@ -231,14 +448,10 @@ fn contains_utf16le_ci(haystack: &[u8], ascii: &str) -> bool {
 
 /// Filename heuristic: a stock Windows ISO almost always carries an obvious
 /// token in its name (e.g. `..._windows_11_...`, `Win10`, `winserver`).
-/// Used only as a last-resort family hint when the content scan and volume
+/// v0.7.4: takes the bare filename instead of a `Path` so the same check
-/// label are inconclusive. v0.5.8.
+/// runs against remote share listings.
-fn filename_looks_windows(path: &Path) -> bool {
+fn filename_looks_windows(filename: &str) -> bool {
-    let name = path
+    let name = filename.to_ascii_lowercase();
-        .file_name()
-        .and_then(|s| s.to_str())
-        .unwrap_or("")
-        .to_ascii_lowercase();
     const TOKENS: [&str; 6] = [
         "windows",
         "winpe",
@@ -257,19 +470,18 @@ const EL_TORITO_ID: &[u8] = b"EL TORITO SPECIFICATION";
 /// Detect an El Torito boot catalog — the marker that an ISO is bootable
 /// by BIOS/UEFI firmware (and thus by iPXE `sanboot`).
 ///
-/// The ISO9660 Volume Descriptor Set starts at LBA 16 (offset 0x8000) and
+/// The ISO9660 Volume Descriptor Set starts at LBA 16 and runs one
-/// runs one 2048-byte descriptor per sector until a Set Terminator
+/// 2048-byte descriptor per sector until a Set Terminator (type 0xFF).
-/// (type 0xFF). A Boot Record descriptor (type 0x00) whose 32-byte boot
+/// A Boot Record descriptor (type 0x00) whose 32-byte boot system
-/// system identifier reads "EL TORITO SPECIFICATION" means the image
+/// identifier reads "EL TORITO SPECIFICATION" means the image declares a
-/// declares an El Torito boot catalog. We only confirm its presence — we
+/// boot catalog. We only confirm its presence — we don't parse the
-/// don't parse the catalog (sanboot/the firmware does that). The walk is
+/// catalog (sanboot/the firmware does that). The walk is capped so a
-/// capped so a malformed/huge image can't spin us. v0.5.9.
+/// malformed image can't spin us. v0.5.9; reader-generic since v0.7.4.
-fn detect_el_torito(f: &mut std::fs::File) -> bool {
+async fn detect_el_torito<R: IsoReadAt + Send>(r: &mut R) -> bool {
-    let mut vd = [0u8; 2048];
     for lba in 16u64..32 {
-        if f.seek(SeekFrom::Start(lba * 2048)).is_err() || f.read_exact(&mut vd).is_err() {
+        let Ok(vd) = r.read_at(lba * SECTOR, 2048).await else {
             return false;
-        }
+        };
         // Every descriptor in the set carries the "CD001" magic; once it's
         // missing we've walked off the end of a valid set.
         if &vd[1..6] != b"CD001" {
@@ -291,6 +503,12 @@ fn detect_el_torito(f: &mut std::fs::File) -> bool {
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
+    use crate::iso_fs::testiso::{MemReadAt, TestIsoBuilder};
+
+    fn introspect_mem(img: Vec<u8>, filename: &str, bulk: bool) -> IntrospectionReport {
+        let len = img.len() as u64;
+        futures::executor::block_on(introspect_reader(&mut MemReadAt(img), len, filename, bulk))
+    }
 
     #[test]
     fn label_matching() {
@@ -307,13 +525,158 @@ mod tests {
             DistroFamily::OpenSuse
         );
         assert_eq!(family_from_label("ARCH_202604"), DistroFamily::Arch);
+        assert_eq!(
+            family_from_label("GParted-live"),
+            DistroFamily::DebianUbuntu
+        );
+        assert_eq!(family_from_label("rhcos-417"), DistroFamily::RhelFedora);
         assert_eq!(family_from_label("weird-custom"), DistroFamily::Unknown);
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn gparted_shape_is_not_windows() {
+        // The v0.7.4 regression test: a Debian-live image whose payload
+        // contains the literal string "bootmgr" (as GRUB/syslinux
+        // chainload modules do). The old byte-grep classified this as
+        // WindowsPe; the probe order must classify Debian first.
+        let img = TestIsoBuilder::new("GParted-live")
+            .el_torito(true)
+            .file("/live/vmlinuz", b"KERNEL")
+            .file("/live/initrd.img", b"INITRD")
+            .file("/boot/grub/chain.mod", b"xxx bootmgr xxx")
+            .build();
+        let r = introspect_mem(img, "gparted-live-1.8.1-3-amd64.iso", true);
+        assert_eq!(r.family, DistroFamily::DebianUbuntu);
+        // Classification only — live-boot args aren't rendered yet, so no
+        // kernel entry; sanboot (via el_torito) keeps working.
+        assert!(r.kernel_path.is_none());
+        assert!(r.el_torito);
+        assert_eq!(r.introspect_rev, INTROSPECT_REV);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn casper_shape_verifies_kernel_and_initrd() {
+        let img = TestIsoBuilder::new("Ubuntu-Server 24.04.1 LTS amd64")
+            .el_torito(true)
+            .file("/casper/vmlinuz", b"K")
+            .file("/casper/initrd", b"I")
+            .build();
+        let r = introspect_mem(img, "ubuntu-24.04.1-live-server-amd64.iso", true);
+        assert_eq!(r.family, DistroFamily::DebianUbuntu);
+        assert_eq!(r.kernel_path.as_deref(), Some("/casper/vmlinuz"));
+        assert_eq!(r.initrd_paths, vec!["/casper/initrd".to_string()]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn anaconda_shape_emits_verified_paths() {
+        let img = TestIsoBuilder::new("AlmaLinux-9-5-x86_64-dvd")
+            .el_torito(true)
+            .file("/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz", b"K")
+            .file("/images/pxeboot/initrd.img", b"I")
+            .build();
+        let r = introspect_mem(img, "AlmaLinux-9.5-x86_64-dvd.iso", true);
+        assert_eq!(r.family, DistroFamily::RhelFedora);
+        assert_eq!(r.kernel_path.as_deref(), Some("/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn coreos_shape_classifies_but_keeps_sanboot() {
+        // RHCOS / OpenShift agent ISOs: anaconda layout + rootfs.img.
+        // Direct kernel boot needs coreos.live.rootfs_url (and agent
+        // ISOs their embedded ignition), so kernel_path must stay None.
+        let img = TestIsoBuilder::new("rhcos-417.94.202501")
+            .el_torito(true)
+            .file("/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz", b"K")
+            .file("/images/pxeboot/initrd.img", b"I")
+            .file("/images/pxeboot/rootfs.img", b"R")
+            .build();
+        let r = introspect_mem(img, "rhcos-live.x86_64.iso", true);
+        assert_eq!(r.family, DistroFamily::RhelFedora);
+        assert!(
+            r.kernel_path.is_none(),
+            "CoreOS must not get a kernel entry"
+        );
+        assert!(r.el_torito);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn boot_wim_probe_classifies_windows() {
+        let img = TestIsoBuilder::new("CCCOMA_X64FRE_EN-US_DV9")
+            .el_torito(true)
+            .file("/sources/boot.wim", b"MSWIMMSWIM")
+            .build();
+        let r = introspect_mem(img, "whatever.iso", false);
+        assert_eq!(r.family, DistroFamily::WindowsPe);
+        assert!(r.has_boot_wim);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn label_only_linux_without_verified_kernel_gets_no_kernel_path() {
+        // Label says RHEL but the tree has no pxeboot files — the old
+        // code guessed `/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz` and emitted an entry
+        // that 404'd at boot. Now: family yes, kernel paths no.
+        let img = TestIsoBuilder::new("RHEL-9-5-CUSTOM")
+            .el_torito(true)
+            .file("/readme.txt", b"hi")
+            .build();
+        let r = introspect_mem(img, "rhel-custom.iso", true);
+        assert_eq!(r.family, DistroFamily::RhelFedora);
+        assert!(r.kernel_path.is_none());
+        assert!(r.initrd_paths.is_empty());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn remote_skips_bulk_scan_but_filename_still_hints() {
+        // No ISO9660 signatures at all (e.g. pure-UDF image read over a
+        // share), bulk scan off: filename is the only signal.
+        let img = vec![0u8; 64 * 1024];
+        let r = introspect_mem(img.clone(), "Win11_24H2_English_x64.iso", false);
+        assert_eq!(r.family, DistroFamily::WindowsPe);
+        let r2 = introspect_mem(img, "mystery.iso", false);
+        assert_eq!(r2.family, DistroFamily::Unknown);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn filename_family_table() {
+        use DistroFamily::*;
+        let cases = [
+            ("AlmaLinux-9.5-x86_64-dvd.iso", RhelFedora),
+            ("CentOS-Stream-10-latest-x86_64-dvd1.iso", RhelFedora),
+            ("rhel-9.0-x86_64-boot.iso", RhelFedora),
+            ("rhcos-live.x86_64.iso", RhelFedora),
+            ("openshift-4-21-9.agent.x86_64.iso", RhelFedora),
+            ("ubuntu-24.04-desktop.iso", DebianUbuntu),
+            ("gparted-live-1.8.1-3-amd64.iso", DebianUbuntu),
+            ("archlinux-2026.05.01-x86_64.iso", Arch),
+            ("arch-2026.05.01.iso", Arch),
+            ("alpine-standard-3.21.0-x86_64.iso", Alpine),
+            ("openSUSE-Leap-15.6-DVD-x86_64.iso", OpenSuse),
+            ("en-us_windows_11_iot_enterprise.iso", WindowsPe),
+            ("Win10_22H2_English_x64.iso", WindowsPe),
+            ("netboot.xyz.iso", Unknown),
+            ("ise-3.2.0.542a.SPA.x86_64.iso", Unknown),
+            ("Macrium_5860_v2.iso", Unknown),
+            // "search" must not trip the "arch" token.
+            ("research-data.iso", Unknown),
+        ];
+        for (name, want) in cases {
+            assert_eq!(family_from_filename(name), want, "{name}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn provisional_report_keeps_rev_zero() {
+        let r = provisional_report("rhel-9.0-x86_64-dvd.iso");
+        assert_eq!(r.family, DistroFamily::RhelFedora);
+        assert_eq!(
+            r.introspect_rev, 0,
+            "provisional must keep optimistic sanboot"
+        );
+        assert!(!r.el_torito);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn utf16le_marker_matches_case_insensitively() {
-        // "boot.wim" encoded UTF-16LE, mixed case — UDF stores Windows
-        // filenames this way, which the ASCII scan can't see.
         let s = "BOOT.WIM";
         let utf16: Vec<u8> = s.bytes().flat_map(|b| [b, 0]).collect();
         let mut hay = vec![0u8; 8];
@@ -322,59 +685,41 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(contains_utf16le_ci(&hay, "boot.wim"));
         assert!(contains_utf16le_ci(&hay, "Boot.Wim"));
         assert!(!contains_utf16le_ci(&hay, "install.wim"));
-        // An ASCII (not UTF-16) occurrence must NOT match the UTF-16 scan.
         assert!(!contains_utf16le_ci(b"boot.wim plain ascii", "boot.wim"));
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn el_torito_boot_catalog_detected() {
+    fn el_torito_detected_through_reader() {
-        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let with = TestIsoBuilder::new("BOOTABLE").el_torito(true).build();
-        // Helper: stamp a 2048-byte descriptor at `lba` with type + magic.
+        let without = TestIsoBuilder::new("DATA").build();
-        let stamp = |img: &mut [u8], lba: usize, ty: u8| {
+        assert!(futures::executor::block_on(detect_el_torito(
-            let off = lba * 2048;
+            &mut MemReadAt(with)
-            img[off] = ty;
+        )));
-            img[off + 1..off + 6].copy_from_slice(b"CD001");
+        assert!(!futures::executor::block_on(detect_el_torito(
-        };
+            &mut MemReadAt(without)
-
+        )));
-        // Bootable image: PVD @16, El Torito Boot Record @17, terminator @18.
-        let mut boot = vec![0u8; 2048 * 19];
-        stamp(&mut boot, 16, 0x01);
-        stamp(&mut boot, 17, 0x00);
-        boot[17 * 2048 + 7..17 * 2048 + 7 + EL_TORITO_ID.len()].copy_from_slice(EL_TORITO_ID);
-        stamp(&mut boot, 18, 0xFF);
-        let bp = dir.path().join("boot.iso");
-        std::fs::write(&bp, &boot).unwrap();
-        let mut f = std::fs::File::open(&bp).unwrap();
-        assert!(
-            detect_el_torito(&mut f),
-            "El Torito boot record should match"
-        );
-
-        // Data/appliance image: PVD @16, terminator @17, no boot record.
-        let mut data = vec![0u8; 2048 * 18];
-        stamp(&mut data, 16, 0x01);
-        stamp(&mut data, 17, 0xFF);
-        let dp = dir.path().join("data.iso");
-        std::fs::write(&dp, &data).unwrap();
-        let mut f2 = std::fs::File::open(&dp).unwrap();
-        assert!(!detect_el_torito(&mut f2), "data ISO has no boot catalog");
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn filename_hint_catches_windows_isos() {
-        use std::path::Path;
+        assert!(filename_looks_windows(
-        assert!(filename_looks_windows(Path::new(
             "en-us_windows_11_iot_enterprise_ltsc_2024_x64_dvd.iso"
-        )));
+        ));
-        assert!(filename_looks_windows(Path::new(
+        assert!(filename_looks_windows("Win10_22H2_English_x64.iso"));
-            "Win10_22H2_English_x64.iso"
+        assert!(filename_looks_windows("winserver2022.iso"));
-        )));
+        assert!(!filename_looks_windows("ubuntu-24.04-desktop.iso"));
-        assert!(filename_looks_windows(Path::new("winserver2022.iso")));
+        assert!(!filename_looks_windows("Rocky-9.4-x86_64-dvd.iso"));
-        assert!(!filename_looks_windows(Path::new(
+    }
-            "ubuntu-24.04-desktop.iso"
+
-        )));
+    #[test]
-        assert!(!filename_looks_windows(Path::new(
+    fn bulk_scan_catches_udf_windows_markers() {
-            "Rocky-9.4-x86_64-dvd.iso"
+        // A blob with no ISO9660 tree but a UTF-16 "install.wim" — the
-        )));
+        // UDF Windows shape after every probe missed.
+        let mut img = vec![0u8; 256 * 1024];
+        let marker: Vec<u8> = "install.wim".bytes().flat_map(|b| [b, 0]).collect();
+        img[100_000..100_000 + marker.len()].copy_from_slice(&marker);
+        let r = introspect_mem(img, "renamed.iso", true);
+        assert_eq!(r.family, DistroFamily::WindowsPe);
+        assert!(!r.has_boot_wim);
     }
 }

crates/iso-store/src/iso_fs.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,568 @@
+//! Read-only ISO9660 lookup over any random-access byte source.
+//!
+//! v0.7.4: generalized from the http-api crate's local-file-only walker so
+//! the same directory walk drives three consumers:
+//!
+//!   1. `iso_file` HTTP serving — locate `/casper/vmlinuz` inside a local
+//!      *or remote* (NFS/SFTP) ISO and stream just that byte range.
+//!   2. Introspection — probe for well-known kernel/initrd/boot.wim paths
+//!      instead of grepping raw sectors for filename strings (which
+//!      false-positived: any Linux ISO shipping GRUB/syslinux chainload
+//!      modules contains the literal "bootmgr" and used to classify as
+//!      Windows).
+//!   3. Remote introspection — the same probes over an NFSv3 READ3 /
+//!      SFTP seek-read connection, which is what finally classifies
+//!      share-sourced ISOs instead of registering them all as `Unknown`.
+//!
+//! We parse only the Primary Volume Descriptor namespace. Joliet and Rock
+//! Ridge are deliberately ignored — matching is case-insensitive against
+//! plain ISO9660 identifiers (`;1` version suffix and the trailing dot of
+//! extension-less strict-mastered names stripped), which is how the local
+//! serving path has always behaved in production.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::future::Future;
+use std::io::{Read, Seek, SeekFrom};
+use std::path::Path;
+
+pub const SECTOR: u64 = 2048;
+
+/// Upper bound on a single directory extent we'll buffer. Real distro ISO
+/// directories are a handful of KiB; the cap keeps a malformed or hostile
+/// image from asking us to allocate gigabytes.
+const MAX_DIR_BYTES: u64 = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+/// Byte range of one file inside the ISO image.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct FileLocation {
+    pub offset: u64,
+    pub length: u64,
+}
+
+/// Random-access reads into an ISO image. Implemented by a local
+/// `std::fs::File`, the NFS and SFTP share readers, and the in-memory
+/// test image.
+///
+/// The contract is `read_exact`-like: the returned buffer is exactly
+/// `len` bytes or the call errors. The future must be `Send` because
+/// remote introspection runs inside spawned tokio tasks.
+pub trait IsoReadAt {
+    fn read_at(
+        &mut self,
+        offset: u64,
+        len: u32,
+    ) -> impl Future<Output = std::io::Result<Vec<u8>>> + Send;
+}
+
+/// Local-file reader. The reads are synchronous inside an async fn —
+/// callers run it either on the blocking pool (introspection at upload)
+/// or through [`lookup_local`]'s `block_on`, never on a hot runtime
+/// worker with real awaits pending.
+pub struct FileReadAt(std::fs::File);
+
+impl FileReadAt {
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn new(f: std::fs::File) -> Self {
+        Self(f)
+    }
+}
+
+impl IsoReadAt for FileReadAt {
+    async fn read_at(&mut self, offset: u64, len: u32) -> std::io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
+        self.0.seek(SeekFrom::Start(offset))?;
+        let mut buf = vec![0u8; len as usize];
+        self.0.read_exact(&mut buf)?;
+        Ok(buf)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Exact-key read cache for the probe phase of introspection. The probe
+/// table looks up ~20 paths and every one of them re-reads the root
+/// directory (and usually one shared subdirectory); over NFS/SFTP that
+/// would be 20 identical round-trips. Directory reads repeat with the
+/// exact same `(offset, len)`, so a plain map keyed on the pair hits
+/// every time. Large data reads bypass the cache.
+pub struct CachingReadAt<'a, R: IsoReadAt + Send> {
+    inner: &'a mut R,
+    cache: HashMap<(u64, u32), Vec<u8>>,
+}
+
+/// Don't cache reads bigger than this (file payloads, bulk scans).
+const CACHE_MAX_READ: u32 = 256 * 1024;
+/// Bound the cache so a pathological image can't grow it unbounded.
+const CACHE_MAX_ENTRIES: usize = 256;
+
+impl<'a, R: IsoReadAt + Send> CachingReadAt<'a, R> {
+    pub fn new(inner: &'a mut R) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            inner,
+            cache: HashMap::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<R: IsoReadAt + Send> IsoReadAt for CachingReadAt<'_, R> {
+    async fn read_at(&mut self, offset: u64, len: u32) -> std::io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
+        let key = (offset, len);
+        if let Some(hit) = self.cache.get(&key) {
+            return Ok(hit.clone());
+        }
+        let buf = self.inner.read_at(offset, len).await?;
+        if len <= CACHE_MAX_READ && self.cache.len() < CACHE_MAX_ENTRIES {
+            self.cache.insert(key, buf.clone());
+        }
+        Ok(buf)
+    }
+}
+
+/// Look up `in_iso_path` (leading slash optional, case-insensitive) in
+/// the image behind `r`. Returns `None` on any parsing or IO failure —
+/// "not found" and "couldn't read" are the same answer to a prober.
+pub async fn lookup<R: IsoReadAt + Send>(r: &mut R, in_iso_path: &str) -> Option<FileLocation> {
+    let pvd = r.read_at(16 * SECTOR, 2048).await.ok()?;
+    if pvd[0] != 0x01 || &pvd[1..6] != b"CD001" {
+        return None;
+    }
+    // Root directory record at PVD offset 156, 34 bytes.
+    let (mut lba, mut len) = parse_dir_record_ext(&pvd[156..156 + 34])?;
+
+    let components: Vec<&str> = in_iso_path
+        .trim_start_matches('/')
+        .split('/')
+        .filter(|c| !c.is_empty())
+        .collect();
+    if components.is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    // The original walk was tail-recursive; iterate instead so the future
+    // stays a plain (non-boxed) state machine.
+    for (idx, comp) in components.iter().enumerate() {
+        if len == 0 || len > MAX_DIR_BYTES {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let dir = r.read_at(lba * SECTOR, len as u32).await.ok()?;
+        let hit = scan_dir(&dir, comp)?;
+        let last = idx + 1 == components.len();
+        match (last, hit.is_dir) {
+            (true, false) => {
+                return Some(FileLocation {
+                    offset: hit.lba * SECTOR,
+                    length: hit.len,
+                })
+            }
+            (false, true) => {
+                lba = hit.lba;
+                len = hit.len;
+            }
+            _ => return None,
+        }
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Convenience probe: does `in_iso_path` exist as a file?
+pub async fn exists<R: IsoReadAt + Send>(r: &mut R, in_iso_path: &str) -> bool {
+    lookup(r, in_iso_path).await.is_some()
+}
+
+/// Synchronous wrapper for local files — the shape the HTTP handler's
+/// `spawn_blocking` call site wants. `block_on` is safe here because
+/// `FileReadAt`'s reads never actually await (they complete inline), so
+/// the executor never parks.
+#[must_use]
+pub fn lookup_local(iso_path: &Path, in_iso_path: &str) -> Option<FileLocation> {
+    let f = std::fs::File::open(iso_path).ok()?;
+    futures::executor::block_on(lookup(&mut FileReadAt::new(f), in_iso_path))
+}
+
+struct DirHit {
+    lba: u64,
+    len: u64,
+    is_dir: bool,
+}
+
+/// Scan one directory extent for an identifier. Pure function over the
+/// buffered extent — all protocol/IO concerns live in the caller.
+fn scan_dir(dir: &[u8], target: &str) -> Option<DirHit> {
+    let mut i = 0;
+    while i < dir.len() {
+        let len = dir[i] as usize;
+        if len == 0 {
+            // Records never span sectors; a zero length byte means the
+            // rest of this sector is padding. Hop to the next one.
+            let next = (i / SECTOR as usize + 1) * SECTOR as usize;
+            if next <= i {
+                break;
+            }
+            i = next;
+            continue;
+        }
+        if i + len > dir.len() {
+            break;
+        }
+        let rec = &dir[i..i + len];
+        let name = dir_record_name(rec);
+        let is_dir = (rec.get(25).copied().unwrap_or(0) & 0x02) != 0;
+        // Skip "." (0x00) and ".." (0x01) pseudo-entries.
+        let is_pseudo =
+            rec.get(32).copied() == Some(1) && matches!(rec.get(33).copied(), Some(0x00 | 0x01));
+        if !is_pseudo && name.eq_ignore_ascii_case(target) {
+            let (lba, dlen) = parse_dir_record_ext(rec)?;
+            return Some(DirHit {
+                lba,
+                len: dlen,
+                is_dir,
+            });
+        }
+        i += len;
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+/// Extract (extent LBA, data length in bytes) from a directory record.
+/// Layout per ISO9660: bytes 2..10 extent LBA (LE+BE duplicate), 10..18
+/// data length (LE+BE duplicate). We trust the little-endian copy.
+fn parse_dir_record_ext(rec: &[u8]) -> Option<(u64, u64)> {
+    if rec.len() < 34 {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let lba = u64::from(u32::from_le_bytes(rec[2..6].try_into().ok()?));
+    let len = u64::from(u32::from_le_bytes(rec[10..14].try_into().ok()?));
+    Some((lba, len))
+}
+
+/// Extract the identifier from a directory record, normalizing ISO9660
+/// quirks: the `;N` version suffix and the trailing dot that strict
+/// mastering appends to extension-less names (`VMLINUZ.;1`). Without the
+/// dot strip, level-1 images' kernels never matched `/casper/vmlinuz`.
+fn dir_record_name(rec: &[u8]) -> String {
+    let name_len = *rec.get(32).unwrap_or(&0) as usize;
+    if name_len == 0 || rec.len() < 33 + name_len {
+        return String::new();
+    }
+    let raw = &rec[33..33 + name_len];
+    let s = String::from_utf8_lossy(raw);
+    let s = s.rfind(';').map_or_else(|| s.as_ref(), |i| &s[..i]);
+    s.strip_suffix('.').unwrap_or(s).to_string()
+}
+
+// ── test support ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+//
+// A tiny ISO9660 image builder used by this module's tests, the
+// introspection tests, and (behind the `test-image` feature) other
+// crates' integration tests. Lays out: PVD @ LBA 16, optional El Torito
+// boot record @ 17, set terminator @ 18, directories from LBA 20, file
+// data after. Only what `lookup`/introspection read is populated.
+
+#[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-image"))]
+#[doc(hidden)]
+pub mod testiso {
+    use super::SECTOR;
+    use std::collections::BTreeMap;
+
+    #[derive(Default)]
+    struct Node {
+        children: BTreeMap<String, Node>,
+        content: Option<Vec<u8>>,
+    }
+
+    pub struct TestIsoBuilder {
+        root: Node,
+        volume_label: String,
+        el_torito: bool,
+    }
+
+    impl TestIsoBuilder {
+        pub fn new(volume_label: &str) -> Self {
+            Self {
+                root: Node::default(),
+                volume_label: volume_label.to_string(),
+                el_torito: false,
+            }
+        }
+
+        #[must_use]
+        pub fn el_torito(mut self, on: bool) -> Self {
+            self.el_torito = on;
+            self
+        }
+
+        /// Add a file at `path` (e.g. "/casper/vmlinuz") with `content`.
+        #[must_use]
+        pub fn file(mut self, path: &str, content: &[u8]) -> Self {
+            let mut node = &mut self.root;
+            let comps: Vec<&str> = path
+                .trim_start_matches('/')
+                .split('/')
+                .filter(|c| !c.is_empty())
+                .collect();
+            for (i, c) in comps.iter().enumerate() {
+                node = node.children.entry((*c).to_string()).or_default();
+                if i + 1 == comps.len() {
+                    node.content = Some(content.to_vec());
+                }
+            }
+            self
+        }
+
+        pub fn build(self) -> Vec<u8> {
+            // Pass 1: allocate extents. Directories first (1 sector each),
+            // then file contents.
+            let mut next_lba: u64 = 20;
+            let mut dirs: Vec<(*const Node, u64)> = Vec::new();
+            fn alloc_dirs(n: &Node, next: &mut u64, out: &mut Vec<(*const Node, u64)>) {
+                out.push((std::ptr::from_ref(n), *next));
+                *next += 1;
+                for child in n.children.values() {
+                    if child.content.is_none() {
+                        alloc_dirs(child, next, out);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            alloc_dirs(&self.root, &mut next_lba, &mut dirs);
+            let lba_of = |n: &Node| -> u64 {
+                dirs.iter()
+                    .find(|(p, _)| std::ptr::eq(*p, n))
+                    .map(|(_, l)| *l)
+                    .expect("dir allocated")
+            };
+            let mut file_lbas: Vec<(*const Node, u64, usize)> = Vec::new();
+            fn alloc_files(n: &Node, next: &mut u64, out: &mut Vec<(*const Node, u64, usize)>) {
+                for child in n.children.values() {
+                    if let Some(c) = &child.content {
+                        out.push((std::ptr::from_ref(child), *next, c.len()));
+                        *next += c.len().div_ceil(SECTOR as usize).max(1) as u64;
+                    } else {
+                        alloc_files(child, next, out);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            alloc_files(&self.root, &mut next_lba, &mut file_lbas);
+            let file_lba_of = |n: &Node| -> u64 {
+                file_lbas
+                    .iter()
+                    .find(|(p, _, _)| std::ptr::eq(*p, n))
+                    .map(|(_, l, _)| *l)
+                    .expect("file allocated")
+            };
+
+            let total = next_lba as usize * SECTOR as usize;
+            let mut img = vec![0u8; total];
+
+            // Directory record encoder.
+            fn record(name_bytes: &[u8], lba: u64, len: u64, is_dir: bool) -> Vec<u8> {
+                let mut rec_len = 33 + name_bytes.len();
+                if rec_len % 2 == 1 {
+                    rec_len += 1; // pad to even
+                }
+                let rec_len = rec_len.max(34);
+                let mut r = vec![0u8; rec_len];
+                r[0] = rec_len as u8;
+                r[2..6].copy_from_slice(&(lba as u32).to_le_bytes());
+                r[6..10].copy_from_slice(&(lba as u32).to_be_bytes());
+                r[10..14].copy_from_slice(&(len as u32).to_le_bytes());
+                r[14..18].copy_from_slice(&(len as u32).to_be_bytes());
+                if is_dir {
+                    r[25] = 0x02;
+                }
+                r[32] = name_bytes.len() as u8;
+                r[33..33 + name_bytes.len()].copy_from_slice(name_bytes);
+                r
+            }
+
+            // Pass 2: write each directory extent.
+            fn write_dir(
+                img: &mut [u8],
+                n: &Node,
+                self_lba: u64,
+                parent_lba: u64,
+                lba_of: &dyn Fn(&Node) -> u64,
+                file_lba_of: &dyn Fn(&Node) -> u64,
+            ) {
+                let base = self_lba as usize * SECTOR as usize;
+                let mut off = 0usize;
+                let mut put = |rec: Vec<u8>, off: &mut usize| {
+                    img[base + *off..base + *off + rec.len()].copy_from_slice(&rec);
+                    *off += rec.len();
+                };
+                put(record(&[0x00], self_lba, SECTOR, true), &mut off);
+                put(record(&[0x01], parent_lba, SECTOR, true), &mut off);
+                for (name, child) in &n.children {
+                    if let Some(c) = &child.content {
+                        // Files get the ISO9660 uppercase `;1` treatment so
+                        // the case-insensitive + version-strip matching is
+                        // what the tests actually exercise.
+                        let stored = format!("{};1", name.to_ascii_uppercase());
+                        put(
+                            record(stored.as_bytes(), file_lba_of(child), c.len() as u64, false),
+                            &mut off,
+                        );
+                    } else {
+                        let stored = name.to_ascii_uppercase();
+                        put(
+                            record(stored.as_bytes(), lba_of(child), SECTOR, true),
+                            &mut off,
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+                for (name, child) in &n.children {
+                    if child.content.is_none() {
+                        write_dir(img, child, lba_of(child), self_lba, lba_of, file_lba_of);
+                    } else if let Some(c) = &child.content {
+                        let b = file_lba_of(child) as usize * SECTOR as usize;
+                        img[b..b + c.len()].copy_from_slice(c);
+                    }
+                    let _ = name;
+                }
+            }
+            let root_lba = lba_of(&self.root);
+            write_dir(
+                &mut img,
+                &self.root,
+                root_lba,
+                root_lba,
+                &lba_of,
+                &file_lba_of,
+            );
+
+            // PVD @ 16.
+            let pvd = 16 * SECTOR as usize;
+            img[pvd] = 0x01;
+            img[pvd + 1..pvd + 6].copy_from_slice(b"CD001");
+            let label = self.volume_label.as_bytes();
+            let label_field = &mut img[pvd + 40..pvd + 72];
+            label_field.fill(b' ');
+            label_field[..label.len().min(32)].copy_from_slice(&label[..label.len().min(32)]);
+            let root_rec = record(&[0x00], root_lba, SECTOR, true);
+            img[pvd + 156..pvd + 156 + 34].copy_from_slice(&root_rec[..34]);
+
+            // Optional El Torito boot record @ 17, terminator after.
+            let mut vd = 17 * SECTOR as usize;
+            if self.el_torito {
+                img[vd] = 0x00;
+                img[vd + 1..vd + 6].copy_from_slice(b"CD001");
+                let id = b"EL TORITO SPECIFICATION";
+                img[vd + 7..vd + 7 + id.len()].copy_from_slice(id);
+                vd += SECTOR as usize;
+            }
+            img[vd] = 0xFF;
+            img[vd + 1..vd + 6].copy_from_slice(b"CD001");
+
+            img
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// In-memory `IsoReadAt` over a built test image.
+    pub struct MemReadAt(pub Vec<u8>);
+
+    impl super::IsoReadAt for MemReadAt {
+        async fn read_at(&mut self, offset: u64, len: u32) -> std::io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
+            let start = usize::try_from(offset).unwrap_or(usize::MAX);
+            let end = start.saturating_add(len as usize);
+            if end > self.0.len() {
+                return Err(std::io::Error::new(
+                    std::io::ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof,
+                    "read past end of test image",
+                ));
+            }
+            Ok(self.0[start..end].to_vec())
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::testiso::{MemReadAt, TestIsoBuilder};
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn block_on<T>(f: impl Future<Output = T>) -> T {
+        futures::executor::block_on(f)
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn lookup_finds_nested_file_case_insensitively() {
+        let img = TestIsoBuilder::new("UBUNTU 24.04")
+            .file("/casper/vmlinuz", b"KERNELDATA")
+            .file("/casper/initrd", b"INITRDDATA")
+            .build();
+        let mut r = MemReadAt(img);
+        let loc = block_on(lookup(&mut r, "/CASPER/VMLINUZ")).expect("found");
+        assert_eq!(loc.length, 10);
+        let bytes = block_on(r.read_at(loc.offset, 10)).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(&bytes, b"KERNELDATA");
+        // Missing file and missing dir both miss cleanly.
+        assert!(block_on(lookup(&mut r, "/casper/missing")).is_none());
+        assert!(block_on(lookup(&mut r, "/nodir/vmlinuz")).is_none());
+        // A directory path that resolves to a directory is not a file hit.
+        assert!(block_on(lookup(&mut r, "/casper")).is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn strict_mastered_extensionless_names_match() {
+        // Strict level-1 mastering stores "VMLINUZ" as "VMLINUZ.;1" — the
+        // trailing dot must be normalized away or kernels never match.
+        let img = TestIsoBuilder::new("STRICT")
+            .file("/boot/vmlinuz.", b"K") // builder stores "VMLINUZ.;1"
+            .build();
+        let mut r = MemReadAt(img);
+        assert!(
+            block_on(lookup(&mut r, "/boot/vmlinuz")).is_some(),
+            "trailing-dot ISO9660 name must match the dotless path"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn lookup_three_levels_deep() {
+        let img = TestIsoBuilder::new("DEEP")
+            .file("/images/pxeboot/vmlinuz", b"ANACONDA")
+            .build();
+        let mut r = MemReadAt(img);
+        let loc = block_on(lookup(&mut r, "images/pxeboot/vmlinuz")).expect("no leading slash ok");
+        assert_eq!(loc.length, 8);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn caching_reader_dedupes_repeated_directory_reads() {
+        struct Counting<'a> {
+            inner: &'a mut MemReadAt,
+            calls: usize,
+        }
+        impl IsoReadAt for Counting<'_> {
+            async fn read_at(&mut self, offset: u64, len: u32) -> std::io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
+                self.calls += 1;
+                self.inner.read_at(offset, len).await
+            }
+        }
+        let img = TestIsoBuilder::new("CACHE")
+            .file("/a/one", b"1")
+            .file("/a/two", b"2")
+            .build();
+        let mut mem = MemReadAt(img);
+        let mut counting = Counting {
+            inner: &mut mem,
+            calls: 0,
+        };
+        let mut cr = CachingReadAt::new(&mut counting);
+        assert!(block_on(exists(&mut cr, "/a/one")));
+        assert!(block_on(exists(&mut cr, "/a/two")));
+        assert!(!block_on(exists(&mut cr, "/a/three")));
+        drop(cr);
+        // 3 probes × (PVD + root dir + subdir) = 9 uncached; the cache
+        // collapses the repeats to the 3 distinct extents.
+        assert_eq!(counting.calls, 3, "all repeat reads must hit the cache");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn lookup_local_reads_a_real_file() {
+        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let p = dir.path().join("t.iso");
+        let img = TestIsoBuilder::new("LOCAL")
+            .file("/sources/boot.wim", b"WIMWIM")
+            .build();
+        std::fs::write(&p, &img).unwrap();
+        let loc = lookup_local(&p, "/sources/boot.wim").expect("found");
+        assert_eq!(loc.length, 6);
+        assert!(lookup_local(&p, "/sources/none").is_none());
+    }
+}

crates/iso-store/src/lib.rs

@@ -18,8 +18,15 @@
 
 pub mod entry;
 pub mod introspect;
+// v0.7.4: read-only ISO9660 walker generic over any random-access byte
+// source (local file, NFS READ3, SFTP seek-read). Powers both in-ISO
+// HTTP serving and the probe-based introspection.
+pub mod iso_fs;
 pub mod nfs_share;
 pub mod pxe_logo;
+// v0.7.4: persisted cache of remote-share introspection results so a
+// container restart doesn't re-probe an unchanged 40-ISO library.
+pub mod remote_cache;
 pub mod sftp_share;
 pub mod smb;
 pub mod smb_share;
@@ -29,6 +36,7 @@ pub mod windows;
 
 pub use entry::{BootEntry, BootKind, KernelArgs};
 pub use introspect::{DistroFamily, IntrospectionReport};
+pub use iso_fs::FileLocation;
 // v0.4.65: kernel-mount NFS is gone. SMB shares via Samba's userspace
 // `smbclient` CLI replaced it — works in any container (no
 // CAP_SYS_ADMIN, no host kernel modules), matching how Bootimus and

crates/iso-store/src/nfs_share.rs

@@ -57,14 +57,16 @@
 //! UI to ask for. (If a future server needs Kerberos or non-default
 //! uid mapping we can add those, but for ISO read access nobody does.)
 
-use crate::introspect::IntrospectionReport;
+use crate::introspect::{introspect_reader, provisional_report};
+use crate::iso_fs::{self, FileLocation, IsoReadAt};
+use crate::remote_cache::RemoteIntrospectCache;
 use crate::store::{generate_boot_entries_for, slugify_str, IsoSource, IsoStore};
 use bytes::Bytes;
 use nfs3_client::tokio::TokioConnector;
 use nfs3_client::Nfs3ConnectionBuilder;
 use nfs3_types::nfs3::{
-    self as nfs3, diropargs3, entry3, filename3, nfs_fh3, GETATTR3args, LOOKUP3args,
+    self as nfs3, diropargs3, entry3, filename3, nfs_fh3, GETATTR3args, LOOKUP3args, Nfs3Result,
-    Nfs3Result, READ3args, READDIR3args,
+    READ3args, READDIR3args,
 };
 use nfs3_types::rpc::{auth_unix, opaque_auth};
 use nfs3_types::xdr_codec::Opaque;
@@ -100,6 +102,18 @@ const READ_CHUNK_BYTES: u32 = 64 * 1024;
 /// client park gigabytes of decoded ISO in RAM.
 const STREAM_BUFFER_DEPTH: usize = 16;
 
+/// v0.7.4: per-ISO budget for a background introspection probe. A probe
+/// is one connection plus a few dozen KiB-sized reads — sub-second on a
+/// LAN — so anything past this is a wedged server, not a slow one.
+const INTROSPECT_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
+
+/// One queued background-introspection unit (v0.7.4).
+struct ProbeJob {
+    iso_id: String,
+    filename: String,
+    size: u64,
+}
+
 /// One configured NFS share. The id is derived from server+export so
 /// re-adding the same coordinates is idempotent.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
@@ -177,6 +191,9 @@ pub struct NfsShareManager {
     /// opens its own NFS connection so concurrency isn't a hard
     /// requirement, but serializing keeps log output predictable.
     op_lock: Arc<tokio::sync::Mutex<()>>,
+    /// v0.7.4: persisted introspection results keyed `share/path@size`,
+    /// so a restart re-probes only new or replaced ISOs.
+    introspect_cache: RemoteIntrospectCache,
 }
 
 impl NfsShareManager {
@@ -190,6 +207,7 @@ impl NfsShareManager {
             inner: Arc::new(Mutex::new(Inner::default())),
             iso_store,
             op_lock: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(())),
+            introspect_cache: RemoteIntrospectCache::open(work_dir, "nfs_introspect_cache.json"),
         }
     }
 
@@ -220,10 +238,7 @@ impl NfsShareManager {
     /// Register an NFS share. Validates, probes connectivity by
     /// performing a real MOUNT3 + READDIR3, and registers the
     /// resulting ISOs with the store.
-    pub async fn add(
+    pub async fn add(&self, req: NfsAddRequest) -> std::result::Result<NfsShare, NfsShareError> {
-        &self,
-        req: NfsAddRequest,
-    ) -> std::result::Result<NfsShare, NfsShareError> {
         let server = normalize_server(&req.server);
         let export = req.export.trim().to_string();
         if server.is_empty() {
@@ -258,7 +273,9 @@ impl NfsShareManager {
         if let Err(e) = self.rescan_inner(&id).await {
             let m = self.get(&id);
             return Err(NfsShareError {
-                error: m.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.last_error.clone())
+                error: m
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .and_then(|m| m.last_error.clone())
                     .unwrap_or_else(|| e.to_string()),
                 stderr: String::new(),
                 hint: m.and_then(|m| m.last_hint),
@@ -333,8 +350,7 @@ impl NfsShareManager {
             return Err(Error::Invalid(format!("invalid filename '{filename}'")));
         }
 
-        let (tx, rx) =
+        let (tx, rx) = tokio::sync::mpsc::channel::<std::io::Result<Bytes>>(STREAM_BUFFER_DEPTH);
-            tokio::sync::mpsc::channel::<std::io::Result<Bytes>>(STREAM_BUFFER_DEPTH);
         let server = share.server.clone();
         let export = share.export.clone();
         let port = share.port;
@@ -358,16 +374,11 @@ impl NfsShareManager {
             if let Err(e) = result {
                 // Best-effort signal of the error to the consumer.
                 // If the receiver has already dropped we just exit.
-                let _ = tx
+                let _ = tx.send(Err(std::io::Error::other(e.to_string()))).await;
-                    .send(Err(std::io::Error::other(e.to_string())))
-                    .await;
             }
         });
 
-        Ok(NfsStream {
+        Ok(NfsStream { rx, _task: task })
-            rx,
-            _task: task,
-        })
     }
 
     // ── internals ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -394,12 +405,26 @@ impl NfsShareManager {
         };
 
         let mut count = 0u32;
+        let mut to_probe: Vec<ProbeJob> = Vec::new();
         for entry in listing {
             let iso_id = format!("nfs-{}-{}", share.id, slugify_str(&entry.filename));
-            // Same approach as SMB: no real introspection over the
+            // v0.7.4: real introspection over the share — NFSv3 READ3
-            // network in v0.4.67. The boot-entry generator falls back
+            // takes an offset, so the ISO9660 probes work remotely. A
-            // to filename-based sanboot detection.
+            // cache hit registers the full report immediately; a miss
-            let report = IntrospectionReport::default();
+            // registers a provisional filename-based report (so the scan
+            // returns fast) and queues a background probe that upgrades
+            // the entry in place.
+            let cached = self
+                .introspect_cache
+                .get(&share.id, &entry.filename, entry.size);
+            let report = cached.unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                to_probe.push(ProbeJob {
+                    iso_id: iso_id.clone(),
+                    filename: entry.filename.clone(),
+                    size: entry.size,
+                });
+                provisional_report(&entry.filename)
+            });
             let boot_entries = generate_boot_entries_for(&iso_id, &entry.filename, &report);
             let source = IsoSource::Nfs {
                 share_id: share.id.clone(),
@@ -420,11 +445,88 @@ impl NfsShareManager {
             target: "openpxe::nfs",
             id = %id, server = %share.server, export = %share.export,
             iso_count = count,
+            pending_introspection = to_probe.len(),
             "NFS share scanned"
         );
+        if !to_probe.is_empty() {
+            self.spawn_introspection_pass(&share, to_probe);
+        }
         Ok(count)
     }
 
+    /// v0.7.4: probe each queued ISO over its own NFS connection and swap
+    /// the full introspection into the store as results land. Runs
+    /// detached so neither startup nor the share-add API call waits on a
+    /// 40-ISO library; per-ISO failures (or a share removed mid-pass)
+    /// leave the provisional entry in place, which still sanboots.
+    fn spawn_introspection_pass(&self, share: &NfsShare, work: Vec<ProbeJob>) {
+        let store = self.iso_store.clone();
+        let cache = self.introspect_cache.clone();
+        let share_id = share.id.clone();
+        let server = share.server.clone();
+        let export = share.export.clone();
+        let port = share.port;
+        let queued = work.len();
+        tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let mut upgraded = 0usize;
+            for job in work {
+                let probe = async {
+                    let mut reader = NfsReadAt::open(&server, &export, port, &job.filename).await?;
+                    let report =
+                        introspect_reader(&mut reader, job.size, &job.filename, false).await;
+                    reader.finish().await;
+                    Ok::<_, NfsClientError>(report)
+                };
+                match tokio::time::timeout(INTROSPECT_TIMEOUT, probe).await {
+                    Ok(Ok(report)) => {
+                        cache.put(&share_id, &job.filename, job.size, report.clone());
+                        if store.update_external_introspection(&job.iso_id, report) {
+                            upgraded += 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Ok(Err(e)) => tracing::warn!(
+                        target: "openpxe::nfs",
+                        share = %share_id, iso = %job.filename,
+                        "introspection failed: {e}"
+                    ),
+                    Err(_) => tracing::warn!(
+                        target: "openpxe::nfs",
+                        share = %share_id, iso = %job.filename,
+                        "introspection timed out after {}s", INTROSPECT_TIMEOUT.as_secs()
+                    ),
+                }
+            }
+            tracing::info!(
+                target: "openpxe::nfs",
+                share = %share_id, queued, upgraded,
+                "remote introspection pass complete"
+            );
+        });
+    }
+
+    /// v0.7.4: locate `in_iso_path` inside a share-hosted ISO. Returns the
+    /// byte range so the HTTP layer can serve kernel/initrd files out of
+    /// remote ISOs with a follow-up ranged [`Self::stream_iso`].
+    pub async fn locate_in_iso(
+        &self,
+        share_id: &str,
+        filename: &str,
+        in_iso_path: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<FileLocation>> {
+        let share = self
+            .get(share_id)
+            .ok_or_else(|| Error::Invalid(format!("no such NFS share '{share_id}'")))?;
+        if filename.contains('/') || filename.contains('\\') || filename.contains("..") {
+            return Err(Error::Invalid(format!("invalid filename '{filename}'")));
+        }
+        let mut reader = NfsReadAt::open(&share.server, &share.export, share.port, filename)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| Error::Invalid(format!("nfs open '{filename}': {e}")))?;
+        let loc = iso_fs::lookup(&mut reader, in_iso_path).await;
+        reader.finish().await;
+        Ok(loc)
+    }
+
     fn update_status(
         &self,
         id: &str,
@@ -497,6 +599,96 @@ struct NfsListEntry {
     size: u64,
 }
 
+/// The connection type [`build_connection`] yields.
+type NfsConn = nfs3_client::Nfs3Connection<nfs3_client::tokio::TokioIo<tokio::net::TcpStream>>;
+
+/// v0.7.4: random-access reader over one NFS connection + file handle —
+/// the [`IsoReadAt`] impl that lets the ISO9660 walker and introspection
+/// probes run against share-hosted images.
+struct NfsReadAt {
+    conn: NfsConn,
+    fh: nfs_fh3,
+}
+
+impl NfsReadAt {
+    /// Connect, mount, and LOOKUP `filename` at the export root.
+    async fn open(
+        server: &str,
+        export: &str,
+        port: u16,
+        filename: &str,
+    ) -> std::result::Result<Self, NfsClientError> {
+        let mut conn = build_connection(server, export, port).await?;
+        let root = conn.root_nfs_fh3();
+        let lookup = conn
+            .lookup(&LOOKUP3args {
+                what: diropargs3 {
+                    dir: root,
+                    name: filename3(Opaque::borrowed(filename.as_bytes())),
+                },
+            })
+            .await
+            .map_err(NfsClientError::Rpc)?;
+        let fh = match lookup {
+            Nfs3Result::Ok(o) => o.object,
+            Nfs3Result::Err((status, _)) => {
+                return Err(NfsClientError::Nfsstat(status_label(status)));
+            }
+        };
+        Ok(Self { conn, fh })
+    }
+
+    /// Best-effort unmount. Consumes the reader — it's done.
+    async fn finish(self) {
+        let _ = self.conn.unmount().await;
+    }
+}
+
+impl IsoReadAt for NfsReadAt {
+    async fn read_at(&mut self, offset: u64, len: u32) -> std::io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
+        let mut out: Vec<u8> = Vec::with_capacity(len as usize);
+        let mut off = offset;
+        // READ3 may legally return fewer bytes than asked (server cap);
+        // loop until the exact-read contract is satisfied or the file
+        // genuinely ends short.
+        while (out.len() as u32) < len {
+            let want = (len - out.len() as u32).min(READ_CHUNK_BYTES);
+            let res = self
+                .conn
+                .read(&READ3args {
+                    file: self.fh.clone(),
+                    offset: off,
+                    count: want,
+                })
+                .await
+                .map_err(|e| std::io::Error::other(e.to_string()))?;
+            let ok = match res {
+                Nfs3Result::Ok(o) => o,
+                Nfs3Result::Err((status, _)) => {
+                    return Err(std::io::Error::other(status_label(status)));
+                }
+            };
+            let data = ok.data.as_ref();
+            if data.is_empty() {
+                return Err(std::io::Error::new(
+                    std::io::ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof,
+                    "NFS read past end of file",
+                ));
+            }
+            out.extend_from_slice(data);
+            off += data.len() as u64;
+            if ok.eof && (out.len() as u32) < len {
+                return Err(std::io::Error::new(
+                    std::io::ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof,
+                    "NFS read past end of file",
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        out.truncate(len as usize);
+        Ok(out)
+    }
+}
+
 /// Connect, READDIR the export root, look up each `*.iso` to get its
 /// size + file handle. Returns a flat list. Errors are returned with
 /// a human-readable message; the caller decides how to surface them.
@@ -982,8 +1174,14 @@ mod tests {
         // the allow-list and the secure/insecure angle.
         let h = hint_for("connect failed: MNT3ERR_ACCES").unwrap();
         let lc = h.to_lowercase();
-        assert!(lc.contains("insecure") || lc.contains("privileged"), "got: {h}");
+        assert!(
-        assert!(lc.contains("allow") || lc.contains("permission"), "got: {h}");
+            lc.contains("insecure") || lc.contains("privileged"),
+            "got: {h}"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            lc.contains("allow") || lc.contains("permission"),
+            "got: {h}"
+        );
     }
 
     #[test]

crates/iso-store/src/remote_cache.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+//! Persisted cache of remote-share introspection results.
+//!
+//! NFS/SFTP introspection costs a connection plus a few dozen small
+//! reads per ISO. Shares are rescanned on every startup and share-add,
+//! so without a cache a 40-ISO library would re-probe 40 ISOs on every
+//! container restart. The cache keys on `share/path@size` — a replaced
+//! file (new size) re-probes, an untouched one is free — and entries
+//! only count as hits when their `introspect_rev` matches the current
+//! logic, so an upgrade that changes detection re-probes everything
+//! exactly once.
+//!
+//! One file per protocol (`nfs_introspect_cache.json`,
+//! `sftp_introspect_cache.json`) so the two managers never contend over
+//! one writer.
+
+use crate::introspect::{IntrospectionReport, INTROSPECT_REV};
+use parking_lot::Mutex;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::sync::Arc;
+
+/// Hard cap on cached entries; beyond it the cache resets rather than
+/// growing unbounded (a cache wipe only costs one re-probe pass).
+const MAX_ENTRIES: usize = 4096;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct RemoteIntrospectCache {
+    path: Arc<PathBuf>,
+    map: Arc<Mutex<HashMap<String, IntrospectionReport>>>,
+}
+
+impl RemoteIntrospectCache {
+    /// Open (or start empty) the cache at `<work_dir>/<file_name>`.
+    /// A corrupt or missing file is an empty cache, never an error.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn open(work_dir: &Path, file_name: &str) -> Self {
+        let path = work_dir.join(file_name);
+        let map = std::fs::read_to_string(&path)
+            .ok()
+            .and_then(|text| {
+                serde_json::from_str::<HashMap<String, IntrospectionReport>>(&text).ok()
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+        Self {
+            path: Arc::new(path),
+            map: Arc::new(Mutex::new(map)),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn key(share_id: &str, relative_path: &str, size: u64) -> String {
+        format!("{share_id}/{relative_path}@{size}")
+    }
+
+    /// A hit requires the entry to have been produced by the *current*
+    /// introspection logic — stale-rev entries are misses, which is how
+    /// the cache self-invalidates across upgrades.
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn get(
+        &self,
+        share_id: &str,
+        relative_path: &str,
+        size: u64,
+    ) -> Option<IntrospectionReport> {
+        self.map
+            .lock()
+            .get(&Self::key(share_id, relative_path, size))
+            .filter(|r| r.introspect_rev == INTROSPECT_REV)
+            .cloned()
+    }
+
+    pub fn put(&self, share_id: &str, relative_path: &str, size: u64, report: IntrospectionReport) {
+        let snapshot = {
+            let mut g = self.map.lock();
+            if g.len() >= MAX_ENTRIES {
+                g.clear();
+            }
+            g.insert(Self::key(share_id, relative_path, size), report);
+            g.clone()
+        };
+        // Persist outside the lock; tmp+rename so a crash mid-write
+        // leaves the previous cache intact.
+        let path = self.path.as_path();
+        let tmp = path.with_extension("json.tmp");
+        let Ok(body) = serde_json::to_vec_pretty(&snapshot) else {
+            return;
+        };
+        if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+            let _ = std::fs::create_dir_all(parent);
+        }
+        if std::fs::write(&tmp, body).is_ok() {
+            let _ = std::fs::rename(&tmp, path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::introspect::DistroFamily;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn round_trips_across_reopen_and_rev_gates() {
+        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        let cache = RemoteIntrospectCache::open(dir.path(), "t.json");
+        assert!(cache.get("s1", "a.iso", 100).is_none());
+
+        let fresh = IntrospectionReport {
+            family: DistroFamily::RhelFedora,
+            introspect_rev: INTROSPECT_REV,
+            el_torito: true,
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        cache.put("s1", "a.iso", 100, fresh.clone());
+        assert_eq!(
+            cache.get("s1", "a.iso", 100).unwrap().family,
+            DistroFamily::RhelFedora
+        );
+        // Different size = different file = miss.
+        assert!(cache.get("s1", "a.iso", 101).is_none());
+
+        // Survives a reopen.
+        let cache2 = RemoteIntrospectCache::open(dir.path(), "t.json");
+        assert!(cache2.get("s1", "a.iso", 100).is_some());
+
+        // Stale-rev entries never hit.
+        let stale = IntrospectionReport {
+            family: DistroFamily::Arch,
+            introspect_rev: INTROSPECT_REV - 1,
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        cache2.put("s1", "b.iso", 7, stale);
+        assert!(cache2.get("s1", "b.iso", 7).is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn corrupt_cache_file_starts_empty() {
+        let dir = tempfile::tempdir().unwrap();
+        std::fs::write(dir.path().join("t.json"), b"{nope").unwrap();
+        let cache = RemoteIntrospectCache::open(dir.path(), "t.json");
+        assert!(cache.get("s", "x.iso", 1).is_none());
+    }
+}

crates/iso-store/src/sftp_share.rs

@@ -56,7 +56,9 @@
 //! hint}` error shape is shared so the storage tab renders all three
 //! protocols through one code path.
 
-use crate::introspect::IntrospectionReport;
+use crate::introspect::{introspect_reader, provisional_report};
+use crate::iso_fs::{self, FileLocation, IsoReadAt};
+use crate::remote_cache::RemoteIntrospectCache;
 use crate::store::{generate_boot_entries_for, slugify_str, IsoSource, IsoStore};
 use bytes::Bytes;
 use openpxe_core::{Error, Result};
@@ -96,6 +98,18 @@ const READ_CHUNK_BYTES: usize = 64 * 1024;
 /// body stream. 16 * 64 KiB ≈ 1 MiB max buffer per stream.
 const STREAM_BUFFER_DEPTH: usize = 16;
 
+/// v0.7.4: per-ISO budget for a background introspection probe — one SSH
+/// connection plus a few dozen KiB-sized reads. SSH handshakes cost more
+/// than NFS mounts, but 30s still only trips on a wedged server.
+const INTROSPECT_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
+
+/// One queued background-introspection unit (v0.7.4).
+struct ProbeJob {
+    iso_id: String,
+    filename: String,
+    size: u64,
+}
+
 /// Which credential the share authenticates with. The secret itself
 /// lives in the 0600 creds file, never here.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
@@ -209,6 +223,9 @@ pub struct SftpShareManager {
     /// Serializes scan operations on the same manager for predictable
     /// log output; each scan opens its own SSH connection.
     op_lock: Arc<tokio::sync::Mutex<()>>,
+    /// v0.7.4: persisted introspection results keyed `share/path@size`,
+    /// so a restart re-probes only new or replaced ISOs.
+    introspect_cache: RemoteIntrospectCache,
 }
 
 impl SftpShareManager {
@@ -222,6 +239,7 @@ impl SftpShareManager {
             inner: Arc::new(Mutex::new(Inner::default())),
             iso_store,
             op_lock: Arc::new(tokio::sync::Mutex::new(())),
+            introspect_cache: RemoteIntrospectCache::open(work_dir, "sftp_introspect_cache.json"),
         }
     }
 
@@ -474,13 +492,25 @@ impl SftpShareManager {
         };
 
         let mut count = 0u32;
+        let mut to_probe: Vec<ProbeJob> = Vec::new();
         for entry in listing {
             let iso_id = format!("sftp-{}-{}", share.id, slugify_str(&entry.filename));
-            // Same as NFS/SMB: no over-the-network introspection yet, so
+            // v0.7.4: real introspection over the share — SFTP file
-            // register `Unknown` and let the boot-entry generator fall
+            // handles are seekable, so the ISO9660 probes work remotely.
-            // back to filename-based detection. SFTP *could* do bounded
+            // Cache hit → full report now; miss → provisional filename-
-            // PVD reads (it has random access) — a follow-up can add it.
+            // based report (scan returns fast) + a queued background
-            let report = IntrospectionReport::default();
+            // probe that upgrades the entry in place.
+            let cached = self
+                .introspect_cache
+                .get(&share.id, &entry.filename, entry.size);
+            let report = cached.unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                to_probe.push(ProbeJob {
+                    iso_id: iso_id.clone(),
+                    filename: entry.filename.clone(),
+                    size: entry.size,
+                });
+                provisional_report(&entry.filename)
+            });
             let boot_entries = generate_boot_entries_for(&iso_id, &entry.filename, &report);
             let source = IsoSource::Sftp {
                 share_id: share.id.clone(),
@@ -506,11 +536,88 @@ impl SftpShareManager {
             target: "openpxe::sftp",
             id = %id, server = %share.server, export = %share.export,
             iso_count = count,
+            pending_introspection = to_probe.len(),
             "SFTP share scanned"
         );
+        if !to_probe.is_empty() {
+            self.spawn_introspection_pass(&share, &creds, to_probe);
+        }
         Ok(count)
     }
 
+    /// v0.7.4: probe each queued ISO over its own SSH connection and swap
+    /// the full introspection into the store as results land. Detached so
+    /// neither startup nor the share-add API call waits on a big library;
+    /// per-ISO failures leave the provisional entry, which still sanboots.
+    fn spawn_introspection_pass(&self, share: &SftpShare, creds: &SftpCreds, work: Vec<ProbeJob>) {
+        let store = self.iso_store.clone();
+        let cache = self.introspect_cache.clone();
+        let share_id = share.id.clone();
+        let params = ConnParams::from_share(share);
+        let creds = creds.clone();
+        let queued = work.len();
+        tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let mut upgraded = 0usize;
+            for job in work {
+                let probe = async {
+                    let mut reader = SftpReadAt::open(&params, &creds, &job.filename).await?;
+                    let report =
+                        introspect_reader(&mut reader, job.size, &job.filename, false).await;
+                    Ok::<_, SftpClientError>(report)
+                };
+                match tokio::time::timeout(INTROSPECT_TIMEOUT, probe).await {
+                    Ok(Ok(report)) => {
+                        cache.put(&share_id, &job.filename, job.size, report.clone());
+                        if store.update_external_introspection(&job.iso_id, report) {
+                            upgraded += 1;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Ok(Err(e)) => tracing::warn!(
+                        target: "openpxe::sftp",
+                        share = %share_id, iso = %job.filename,
+                        "introspection failed: {e}"
+                    ),
+                    Err(_) => tracing::warn!(
+                        target: "openpxe::sftp",
+                        share = %share_id, iso = %job.filename,
+                        "introspection timed out after {}s", INTROSPECT_TIMEOUT.as_secs()
+                    ),
+                }
+            }
+            tracing::info!(
+                target: "openpxe::sftp",
+                share = %share_id, queued, upgraded,
+                "remote introspection pass complete"
+            );
+        });
+    }
+
+    /// v0.7.4: locate `in_iso_path` inside a share-hosted ISO. Returns the
+    /// byte range so the HTTP layer can serve kernel/initrd files out of
+    /// remote ISOs with a follow-up ranged [`Self::stream_iso`].
+    pub async fn locate_in_iso(
+        &self,
+        share_id: &str,
+        filename: &str,
+        in_iso_path: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Option<FileLocation>> {
+        let share = self
+            .get(share_id)
+            .ok_or_else(|| Error::Invalid(format!("no such SFTP share '{share_id}'")))?;
+        if filename.contains('/') || filename.contains('\\') || filename.contains("..") {
+            return Err(Error::Invalid(format!("invalid filename '{filename}'")));
+        }
+        let creds = self
+            .read_creds(share_id)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| Error::Invalid(format!("could not read credentials: {e}")))?;
+        let params = ConnParams::from_share(&share);
+        let mut reader = SftpReadAt::open(&params, &creds, filename)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| Error::Invalid(format!("sftp open '{filename}': {e}")))?;
+        Ok(iso_fs::lookup(&mut reader, in_iso_path).await)
+    }
+
     fn pin_fingerprint(&self, id: &str, fingerprint: String) {
         if fingerprint.is_empty() {
             return;
@@ -652,6 +759,43 @@ struct SftpConn {
     sftp: SftpSession,
 }
 
+/// v0.7.4: random-access reader over one SSH connection + open file
+/// handle — the [`IsoReadAt`] impl that lets the ISO9660 walker and
+/// introspection probes run against share-hosted images. Holds the
+/// `SftpConn` so the SSH session outlives every read.
+struct SftpReadAt {
+    _conn: SftpConn,
+    file: russh_sftp::client::fs::File,
+}
+
+impl SftpReadAt {
+    async fn open(
+        p: &ConnParams,
+        creds: &SftpCreds,
+        filename: &str,
+    ) -> std::result::Result<Self, SftpClientError> {
+        let (conn, _fp) = connect(p, creds).await?;
+        let full = format!("{}/{}", p.export.trim_end_matches('/'), filename);
+        let file = conn
+            .sftp
+            .open(full)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| SftpClientError::Sftp(e.to_string()))?;
+        Ok(Self { _conn: conn, file })
+    }
+}
+
+impl IsoReadAt for SftpReadAt {
+    async fn read_at(&mut self, offset: u64, len: u32) -> std::io::Result<Vec<u8>> {
+        self.file.seek(SeekFrom::Start(offset)).await?;
+        let mut buf = vec![0u8; len as usize];
+        // read_exact loops over the transport's short reads and fails
+        // with UnexpectedEof past end-of-file — exactly the contract.
+        self.file.read_exact(&mut buf).await?;
+        Ok(buf)
+    }
+}
+
 /// russh client handler implementing trust-on-first-use host-key
 /// verification. We never construct an `Err` from `check_server_key`;
 /// returning `Ok(false)` makes russh abort the handshake, and the

crates/iso-store/src/smb_share.rs

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
 //! streaming. A follow-up release can add libsmbclient-based seek if
 //! a real workload needs it.
 
-use crate::introspect::IntrospectionReport;
+use crate::introspect::provisional_report;
 use crate::store::{generate_boot_entries_for, slugify_str, IsoSource, IsoStore};
 use openpxe_core::{Error, Result};
 use parking_lot::Mutex;
@@ -231,10 +231,7 @@ impl SmbShareManager {
 
     /// Add or refresh a share. Validates the input, writes a creds
     /// file, probes connectivity, and scans for ISOs.
-    pub async fn add(
+    pub async fn add(&self, req: SmbAddRequest) -> std::result::Result<SmbShare, SmbShareError> {
-        &self,
-        req: SmbAddRequest,
-    ) -> std::result::Result<SmbShare, SmbShareError> {
         let server = normalize_server(&req.server);
         let share = req.share.trim().trim_start_matches('/').to_string();
         if server.is_empty() {
@@ -309,7 +306,9 @@ impl SmbShareManager {
         if let Err(e) = self.rescan_inner(&id).await {
             let m = self.get(&id);
             return Err(SmbShareError {
-                error: m.as_ref().and_then(|m| m.last_error.clone())
+                error: m
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .and_then(|m| m.last_error.clone())
                     .unwrap_or_else(|| e.to_string()),
                 stderr: String::new(),
                 hint: m.and_then(|m| m.last_hint),
@@ -365,11 +364,7 @@ impl SmbShareManager {
     /// throttling concurrent smbclients) would need to await without
     /// changing the call sites.
     #[allow(clippy::unused_async)]
-    pub async fn stream_iso(
+    pub async fn stream_iso(&self, share_id: &str, filename: &str) -> Result<SmbStream> {
-        &self,
-        share_id: &str,
-        filename: &str,
-    ) -> Result<SmbStream> {
         let share = self
             .get(share_id)
             .ok_or_else(|| Error::Invalid(format!("no such SMB share '{share_id}'")))?;
@@ -377,9 +372,7 @@ impl SmbShareManager {
         // share root. smbclient itself accepts only filenames at the
         // share root in our `get` form, but belt-and-suspenders.
         if filename.contains('/') || filename.contains('\\') || filename.contains("..") {
-            return Err(Error::Invalid(format!(
+            return Err(Error::Invalid(format!("invalid filename '{filename}'")));
-                "invalid filename '{filename}'"
-            )));
         }
         let creds = share
             .creds_path
@@ -462,15 +455,14 @@ impl SmbShareManager {
         let mut count = 0u32;
         for entry in listing {
             let iso_id = format!("smb-{}-{}", share.id, slugify_str(&entry.filename));
-            // SMB sources don't get a real introspection pass — that
+            // SMB sources can't get the content-probe pass NFS/SFTP got
-            // would require seeking into the ISO9660 PVD over the
+            // in v0.7.4 — the ISO9660 probes need seeks, and smbclient's
-            // network, and smbclient CLI doesn't seek. We register an
+            // CLI streaming doesn't seek. The provisional filename-token
-            // `Unknown` family so the boot-entry generator falls back
+            // report is as far as SMB detection goes: family for the UI
-            // to generic sanboot/wimboot detection from the filename
+            // when the name says it ("rhel-9.0…", "Win11_…"), and
-            // and the operator gets *something* bootable. A follow-up
+            // `introspect_rev = 0` so the entry generator keeps the
-            // release can do a bounded `smbclient get` of the first
+            // optimistic sanboot entry.
-            // 64 KiB for real detection.
+            let report = provisional_report(&entry.filename);
-            let report = IntrospectionReport::default();
             let boot_entries = generate_boot_entries_for(&iso_id, &entry.filename, &report);
             let source = IsoSource::Smb {
                 share_id: share.id.clone(),
@@ -537,10 +529,7 @@ impl SmbShareManager {
                 } else {
                     String::new()
                 };
-                return Err((
+                return Err((format!("could not exec smbclient: {e}"), stderr));
-                    format!("could not exec smbclient: {e}"),
-                    stderr,
-                ));
             }
         };
         if !output.status.success() {
@@ -751,10 +740,7 @@ fn parse_ls_iso(out: &str) -> Vec<SmbListEntry> {
 
 /// Pre-flight TCP probe to `server:port`. Format matches v0.4.64 NFS
 /// probe so the UI banner reads consistently.
-async fn tcp_probe(
+async fn tcp_probe(server: &str, port: u16) -> std::result::Result<(), (String, String)> {
-    server: &str,
-    port: u16,
-) -> std::result::Result<(), (String, String)> {
     use tokio::net::TcpStream;
     let addr = format!("{server}:{port}");
     match tokio::time::timeout(PROBE_TIMEOUT, TcpStream::connect(&addr)).await {
@@ -931,8 +917,8 @@ mod tests {
         // exec error in `error` plus an empty `stderr`. The
         // SmbShareError constructor's hint_for fallback checks error
         // too, so this pattern needs to translate as well.
-        let h2 = hint_for("could not exec smbclient: No such file or directory (os error 2)")
+        let h2 =
-            .unwrap();
+            hint_for("could not exec smbclient: No such file or directory (os error 2)").unwrap();
         assert!(h2.contains("smbclient"));
     }
 

crates/iso-store/src/store.rs

@@ -342,9 +342,18 @@ impl IsoStore {
     /// SMB sources or when the file is missing.
     pub fn iso_path_for(&self, id: &str) -> Option<PathBuf> {
         let meta = self.get(id)?;
+        self.local_path(&meta)
+    }
+
+    /// Same resolution as [`Self::iso_path_for`], but for a meta the
+    /// caller already holds — skips the second registry lock + deep
+    /// clone, which matters on the per-range-request ISO serving path
+    /// (a sanboot install issues hundreds of those).
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn local_path(&self, meta: &IsoMeta) -> Option<PathBuf> {
         match &meta.source {
             IsoSource::Local => {
-                let path = self.iso_path(id);
+                let path = self.iso_path(&meta.id);
                 if path.exists() {
                     Some(path)
                 } else {
@@ -406,6 +415,28 @@ impl IsoStore {
         self.inner.write().isos.insert(id, meta);
     }
 
+    /// v0.7.4: swap in a completed introspection for an external ISO and
+    /// regenerate its boot entries. Used by the NFS/SFTP managers'
+    /// background probe pass — the scan registers a provisional
+    /// (filename-only) report immediately so startup and share-add stay
+    /// fast, then this upgrades each entry as its probe finishes.
+    /// Operator-set fields (category, password) are preserved; returns
+    /// `false` when the id is gone (share removed or re-scanned away
+    /// mid-probe), which callers treat as a benign no-op.
+    pub fn update_external_introspection(
+        &self,
+        id: &str,
+        introspection: IntrospectionReport,
+    ) -> bool {
+        let mut g = self.inner.write();
+        let Some(m) = g.isos.get_mut(id) else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        m.boot_entries = generate_boot_entries(&m.id, &m.filename, &introspection);
+        m.introspection = introspection;
+        true
+    }
+
     /// Drop every entry that belongs to `share_id`. Used by the SMB
     /// and NFS share managers when an operator removes a share, or
     /// before re-scanning to clean out stale entries. The same id

crates/openpxe/src/main.rs

@@ -184,6 +184,10 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         "network info"
     );
 
+    // v0.7.1: boot rules are shared between the HTTP layer (target rules,
+    // webhook, the editor API) and the DHCP proxy (driver-mode pins).
+    let boot_rules = openpxe_core::BootRulesStore::load_or_default(&config.paths.work_dir);
+
     let state = AppState {
         iso_store: iso_store.clone(),
         clients: clients.clone(),
@@ -191,7 +195,10 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         queue: queue.clone(),
         hosts: hosts.clone(),
         boot_log: boot_log.clone(),
+        boot_rules: boot_rules.clone(),
+        boot_tokens: openpxe_core::BootTokens::new(),
         branding: branding.clone(),
+        pxe_bg_cache: openpxe_http_api::state::PxeBgCache::default(),
         admin: admin.clone(),
         sessions: sessions.clone(),
         sso: sso.clone(),
@@ -208,6 +215,7 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         started_at: time::OffsetDateTime::now_utc(),
         public_base_url: public_base_url.clone(),
         nic_name: net.nic_name,
+        nic_link: net.nic_link,
         subnet_mask: net.subnet_mask,
         gateway: net.gateway,
     };
@@ -229,11 +237,28 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
         Ok::<_, anyhow::Error>(())
     });
 
+    // v0.7.0: TFTP names that aren't embedded assets get a dynamic
+    // renderer — `grub.cfg` for the Secure Boot shim+GRUB chain is
+    // generated from the live boot-entry list on every fetch, so menu
+    // changes apply without restart.
+    let grub_isos = iso_store.clone();
+    let grub_base = public_base_url.clone();
+    let tftp_dynamic: openpxe_tftp::DynamicAsset = std::sync::Arc::new(move |name: &str| {
+        if name == "grub.cfg" || name.starts_with("grub.cfg-") {
+            Some(
+                openpxe_http_api::grub_script::render_grub_menu(&grub_isos.list(), &grub_base)
+                    .into_bytes(),
+            )
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    });
     let tftp = TftpServer::new(
         config.server.tftp_bind,
         config.server.tftp_port,
         clients.clone(),
         metrics.clone(),
+        Some(tftp_dynamic),
     );
     let tftp_task = tokio::spawn(tftp.run());
 
@@ -247,6 +272,10 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
                 public_base_url.clone(),
                 clients.clone(),
                 metrics.clone(),
+                // v0.7.1: learned driver modes persist next to the other
+                // state files, so a machine walks the ladder once *ever*.
+                openpxe_dhcp_proxy::DriverEscalation::load_or_default(&config.paths.work_dir),
+                boot_rules.clone(),
             );
             tokio::spawn(s.run())
         }
@@ -420,6 +449,12 @@ struct NetworkInfo {
     nic_name: String,
     subnet_mask: String,
     gateway: String,
+    /// v0.7.2: physical link summary for the Network tab — operstate,
+    /// negotiated speed/duplex, and the port's own MAC. Helps operators
+    /// in multi-NIC / trunked environments confirm *which* port the PXE
+    /// server actually answers on. Empty when sysfs isn't available
+    /// (non-Linux dev builds) or the NIC wasn't identified.
+    nic_link: String,
 }
 
 /// Best-effort population of the Network tab's read-only fields. We shell
@@ -480,9 +515,44 @@ fn detect_network_info(our_ip: Ipv4Addr) -> NetworkInfo {
         }
     }
 
+    info.nic_link = detect_link_info(&info.nic_name);
+
     info
 }
 
+/// v0.7.2: read the NIC's physical link details from sysfs. Every field
+/// is optional — virtual NICs report no speed (`-1` or absent), and
+/// non-Linux dev machines have no `/sys/class/net` at all — so the
+/// result is whatever could be read, joined human-readably, or empty.
+fn detect_link_info(nic: &str) -> String {
+    if nic.is_empty() {
+        return String::new();
+    }
+    let read = |file: &str| {
+        std::fs::read_to_string(format!("/sys/class/net/{nic}/{file}"))
+            .map(|s| s.trim().to_string())
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    };
+    let mut parts: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
+    let state = read("operstate");
+    if !state.is_empty() {
+        parts.push(format!("link {state}"));
+    }
+    let speed = read("speed");
+    if !speed.is_empty() && speed != "-1" {
+        parts.push(format!("{speed} Mb/s"));
+    }
+    let duplex = read("duplex");
+    if !duplex.is_empty() && duplex != "unknown" {
+        parts.push(format!("{duplex} duplex"));
+    }
+    let mac = read("address");
+    if !mac.is_empty() {
+        parts.push(format!("port {mac}"));
+    }
+    parts.join(" · ")
+}
+
 fn prefix_to_dotted(prefix: u8) -> String {
     let prefix = prefix.min(32);
     let mask: u32 = if prefix == 0 {

crates/tftp/src/lib.rs

@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@
 
 pub mod server;
 
-pub use server::TftpServer;
+pub use server::{DynamicAsset, TftpServer};

crates/tftp/src/server.rs

@@ -7,12 +7,12 @@
 //! `tftpd`/`in.tftpd` works and is why TFTP is awkward behind stateful NAT:
 //! the ephemeral ports must be reachable from the client.
 //!
-//! We only serve files from `openpxe_ipxe_assets::asset_bytes` — that is,
+//! We only serve files from `openpxe_ipxe_assets::asset_slice` — that is,
 //! the bundled iPXE binaries and wimboot. No filesystem is ever opened, so
 //! `../` path traversal attempts simply return ENOENT.
 
 use openpxe_core::{ClientEvent, ClientRegistry};
-use openpxe_ipxe_assets::asset_bytes;
+use openpxe_ipxe_assets::asset_slice;
 use socket2::{Domain, Protocol, Socket, Type};
 use std::net::{IpAddr, SocketAddr};
 use std::sync::Arc;
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ use tokio::net::UdpSocket;
 
 // TFTP opcodes.
 const OP_RRQ: u16 = 1;
+const OP_WRQ: u16 = 2;
 const OP_DATA: u16 = 3;
 const OP_ACK: u16 = 4;
 const OP_ERROR: u16 = 5;
@@ -31,11 +32,19 @@ const ERR_NOT_DEFINED: u16 = 0;
 const ERR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: u16 = 1;
 const ERR_ILLEGAL_OP: u16 = 4;
 
+/// Server-rendered TFTP content for names that aren't embedded assets —
+/// e.g. `grub.cfg` for the signed shim+GRUB Secure Boot chain (v0.7.0),
+/// which is generated from the live boot-entry list per fetch. Kept as a
+/// closure so this crate stays decoupled from the ISO store; the binary
+/// wires it up in `main`.
+pub type DynamicAsset = Arc<dyn Fn(&str) -> Option<Vec<u8>> + Send + Sync>;
+
 pub struct TftpServer {
     bind: IpAddr,
     port: u16,
     clients: Arc<ClientRegistry>,
     metrics: openpxe_core::Metrics,
+    dynamic: Option<DynamicAsset>,
 }
 
 impl TftpServer {
@@ -44,12 +53,14 @@ impl TftpServer {
         port: u16,
         clients: Arc<ClientRegistry>,
         metrics: openpxe_core::Metrics,
+        dynamic: Option<DynamicAsset>,
     ) -> Self {
         Self {
             bind,
             port,
             clients,
             metrics,
+            dynamic,
         }
     }
 
@@ -71,8 +82,11 @@ impl TftpServer {
             let clients = clients.clone();
             let metrics = metrics.clone();
             let bind_ip = self.bind;
+            let dynamic = self.dynamic.clone();
             tokio::spawn(async move {
-                if let Err(e) = handle_rrq(data, from, bind_ip, clients, metrics.clone()).await {
+                if let Err(e) =
+                    handle_rrq(data, from, bind_ip, clients, metrics.clone(), dynamic).await
+                {
                     metrics.record_tftp_err();
                     tracing::warn!(target: "openpxe::tftp", peer=%from, "handler error: {e}");
                 }
@@ -87,18 +101,45 @@ async fn handle_rrq(
     bind_ip: IpAddr,
     clients: Arc<ClientRegistry>,
     metrics: openpxe_core::Metrics,
+    dynamic: Option<DynamicAsset>,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
     let Some(req) = parse_rrq(&packet) else {
+        // Not a well-formed RRQ. A WRQ deserves an explicit refusal —
+        // legacy clients retry a silently-dropped write until they time
+        // out; an ERROR packet fails them fast with a readable reason.
+        if packet.len() >= 2 && u16::from_be_bytes([packet[0], packet[1]]) == OP_WRQ {
+            let sock = bind_udp(bind_ip, 0)?;
+            let _ = send_error(&sock, peer, ERR_ILLEGAL_OP, "writes not supported").await;
+        }
         return Ok(());
     };
     let Request {
-        filename, options, ..
+        filename,
+        mode,
+        options,
     } = req;
 
     // Per-transfer ephemeral socket.
     let sock = bind_udp(bind_ip, 0)?;
 
-    let Some(file_bytes) = asset_bytes(&filename) else {
+    // We serve binary boot artifacts; netascii line-ending translation
+    // would corrupt them. Refuse loudly instead of timing out silently —
+    // matters for legacy clients that default to netascii.
+    if !mode.eq_ignore_ascii_case("octet") {
+        let _ = send_error(&sock, peer, ERR_NOT_DEFINED, "only octet mode is supported").await;
+        tracing::info!(target: "openpxe::tftp", peer=%peer, %mode, "rejected non-octet transfer");
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+
+    // Embedded assets first; otherwise the dynamic renderer (server-
+    // generated content like the Secure Boot chain's grub.cfg, v0.7.0).
+    let resolved = asset_slice(&filename).or_else(|| {
+        dynamic
+            .as_ref()
+            .and_then(|f| f(&filename))
+            .map(std::borrow::Cow::Owned)
+    });
+    let Some(file_bytes) = resolved else {
         let _ = send_error(&sock, peer, ERR_FILE_NOT_FOUND, "no such file").await;
         tracing::info!(target: "openpxe::tftp", peer=%peer, file=%filename, "404");
         clients.record(
@@ -262,7 +303,6 @@ async fn handle_rrq(
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct Request {
     filename: String,
-    #[allow(dead_code)]
     mode: String,
     options: Vec<(String, String)>,
 }
@@ -393,17 +433,13 @@ fn bind_udp(bind: IpAddr, port: u16) -> anyhow::Result<UdpSocket> {
     Ok(UdpSocket::from_std(std_sock)?)
 }
 
-#[allow(dead_code)]
+/// Pure-logic mirror of `handle_rrq`'s windowing math, exercised by the
-const _UNUSED: (u16, u16) = (ERR_NOT_DEFINED, ERR_ILLEGAL_OP);
+/// unit tests below. Given a position in the file and the window, return
-
+/// the (block_no, chunk_len) list this window will emit — tested against
-/// Pure-logic helper used by the unit tests below and (in a refactor) by
+/// edge cases (exact-blksize tail, short tail, single-block window,
-/// `handle_rrq`. Given a position in the file and the window, return the
+/// block-number wraparound).
-/// (block_no, chunk_len) list this window will emit. Useful as a sanity
+#[cfg(test)]
-/// check that our windowing math matches the wire behavior the spec
+fn plan_window(
-/// requires — tested against edge cases (exact-blksize tail, short tail,
-/// single-block window).
-#[must_use]
-pub fn plan_window(
     total: usize,
     offset: usize,
     blksize: usize,

crates/webui/src/app.css

@@ -912,3 +912,28 @@ tr.unbootable td:first-child { border-left: 3px solid var(--warn); }
   display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; gap: 10px; margin-top: 18px;
 }
 .modal-actions .submit { width: auto; padding: 8px 18px; }
+
+/* v0.7.2: a label.field directly followed by the card's action button
+   stacked its own 14px bottom margin onto the button's 16px top margin
+   (30px total) — visible on Queue "Launch for all waiting" and the
+   Network "Save". Collapse the doubled gap so every primary action sits
+   the same 16px below its form. */
+.card .body > label.field:has(+ button) { margin-bottom: 0; }
+
+/* v0.7.2: inline list filter above a table (Available images). The input
+   is wrapped in a label.field so it borrows the standard text-field chrome
+   and matches every other input in the app; this wrapper just insets it
+   from the card edges so it lines up with the header text above. */
+.list-search { padding: 14px 16px; }
+
+/* v0.7.4: pager footer under the Available-images table — quiet status
+   text on the left, ghost Prev/Next on the right. */
+.list-pager {
+  display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px;
+  padding: 12px 16px;
+  color: var(--fg-dim); font-size: 12px;
+  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
+}
+.list-pager .spacer { flex: 1; }
+.list-pager button { padding: 4px 12px; font-size: 12px; }
+.list-pager button:disabled { opacity: 0.45; cursor: default; }

crates/webui/src/app.js

@@ -178,12 +178,14 @@
     if (iso.introspection.el_torito) {
       return { ok: true, warn: 'generic bootable ISO — boots via sanboot (emulated CD)' };
     }
-    // Remote-share ISOs aren't introspected (no random access over the
+    // v0.7.4: NFS/SFTP ISOs now introspect over the share, so a probed
-    // network), so el_torito is unknown — assume bootable and let sanboot
+    // remote ISO flows through the kernel/el_torito branches above like
-    // try rather than cry wolf.
+    // a local one. introspect_rev 0 means the probe hasn't landed yet
+    // (it runs in the background right after a scan) or never can (SMB —
+    // smbclient can't seek): stay optimistic and let sanboot try.
     const remote = iso.source && iso.source.kind && iso.source.kind !== 'local';
-    if (remote) {
+    if (remote && (iso.introspection.introspect_rev || 0) === 0) {
-      return { ok: true, warn: 'remote ISO — not introspected; sanboot is attempted at boot' };
+      return { ok: true, warn: 'remote ISO — awaiting introspection; sanboot is attempted at boot' };
     }
     // Local ISO with no Windows/Linux boot files and no El Torito catalog:
     // a data/appliance image (e.g. a VMware vCenter bundle), not a bootable
@@ -199,6 +201,51 @@
     })[k] || (k || 'Unknown');
   }
 
+  // v0.7.2: compact read-out of saved group rules — created from the
+  // unified "Pin MAC" form on the Hosts tab (a prefix or an architecture
+  // there saves a rule instead of a pin). First match wins, top to
+  // bottom. The boot-decision webhook remains available via the API
+  // (/api/boot-rules `webhook_url`) but no longer has a UI knob.
+  function groupRulesCard(cfg, targetOptions) {
+    const rules = (cfg && cfg.rules) || [];
+    if (!rules.length) return null;
+    const titleFor = id => {
+      const t = targetOptions.find(x => x.id === id);
+      return t ? t.title : id;
+    };
+    const modeLabel = {firmware:'Firmware NIC', builtin:'iPXE drivers', shim:'Secure Boot (shim)'};
+    const rows = rules.map((r, i) => el('tr', r.enabled === false ? {style:'opacity:.5'} : {}, [
+      el('td', {class:'mono'}, r.mac_prefix || el('span', {class:'tag'}, 'any MAC')),
+      el('td', {}, r.arch || el('span', {class:'tag'}, 'any arch')),
+      el('td', {}, r.target ? titleFor(r.target) : el('span', {class:'tag'}, '—')),
+      el('td', {}, r.driver_mode
+        ? el('span', {class:'tag accent'}, modeLabel[r.driver_mode] || r.driver_mode)
+        : el('span', {class:'tag'}, 'auto')),
+      el('td', {}, r.note || ''),
+      el('td', {style:'text-align:right'},
+        el('button', {class:'danger', onclick: async () => {
+          if (!confirm('Remove this group rule?')) return;
+          const fresh = await getJSON('/api/boot-rules').catch(() => ({rules: [], webhook_url: ''}));
+          (fresh.rules = fresh.rules || []).splice(i, 1);
+          await putJSON('/api/boot-rules', fresh);
+          render('hosts');
+        }}, 'Remove')),
+    ]));
+    return el('div', {class:'card'}, [
+      el('header', {}, [
+        el('h2', {}, 'Group rules'),
+        el('span', {class:'sub'}, 'first match wins · checked top to bottom'),
+      ]),
+      el('table', {}, [
+        el('thead', {}, el('tr', {}, [
+          el('th',{},'MAC prefix'), el('th',{},'Arch'), el('th',{},'Target'),
+          el('th',{},'Boot binary'), el('th',{},'Note'), el('th',{},''),
+        ])),
+        el('tbody', {}, rows),
+      ]),
+    ]);
+  }
+
   // v0.5.2: build the shared "deployment profile" field group — auto
   // hostname, auto IP, and an unattended-file picker — reused by the
   // Hosts pin form and the Queue "Profile" modal. `files` is the
@@ -222,7 +269,7 @@
       el('label', {class:'field'}, [
         el('span', {class:'name'}, 'Auto IP address (optional)'), ipInput]),
       el('label', {class:'field'}, [
-        el('span', {class:'name'}, 'Unattended file'), sel]),
+        el('span', {class:'name'}, 'Unattended file (in Storage → Advanced)'), sel]),
     ]);
     return {
       wrap,
@@ -400,6 +447,12 @@
             el('div', {class:'v'}, net.gateway || '?'),
             el('div', {class:'k'}, 'Public base URL'),
             el('div', {class:'v'}, net.public_base_url),
+            // v0.7.2: physical link details (operstate · speed · duplex ·
+            // port MAC) so the operator can confirm WHICH port answers PXE
+            // in multi-NIC / trunked environments. Kept last — the joined
+            // value runs long, so it wraps cleanly at the bottom of the list.
+            el('div', {class:'k'}, 'Link'),
+            el('div', {class:'v'}, net.nic_link || '—'),
           ]),
           el('p', {class:'msg'},
             'Server IP, NIC, mask, and gateway are auto-detected at startup. ' +
@@ -789,6 +842,12 @@
           render('storage');
         };
 
+        // v0.7.2: searchable haystack for the list filter — filename,
+        // detected family, category, and source all match.
+        const searchText = [
+          i.filename, familyLabel(i.introspection.family), i.category || '',
+          isSmb ? 'smb' : isNfs ? 'nfs' : 'local', i.id,
+        ].join(' ').toLowerCase();
         const tr = el('tr', b.ok ? {} : {class: 'unbootable'}, [
           el('td', {}, [
             el('div', {style:'display:flex;align-items:center;gap:8px'}, [
@@ -833,8 +892,42 @@
                 }}, 'Remove'),
           ]),
         ]);
+        tr.dataset.search = searchText;
         rowsAndEditors.push(tr, editorRow);
       });
+
+      // v0.7.2: client-side filter over the image table; v0.7.4: paged
+      // 5 at a time so a 50-image library doesn't become a scroll wall.
+      // Rows travel in (row, password-editor) pairs. One view function
+      // applies filter-then-page; editors close on any view change.
+      const ISO_PAGE_SIZE = 5;
+      let isoPage = 0;
+      const pagerInfo = el('span', {});
+      const prevBtn = el('button', {class:'ghost', onclick: () => { isoPage -= 1; applyIsoListView(); }}, '‹ Prev');
+      const nextBtn = el('button', {class:'ghost', onclick: () => { isoPage += 1; applyIsoListView(); }}, 'Next ›');
+      function applyIsoListView() {
+        const q = isoSearch.value.trim().toLowerCase();
+        const visible = [];
+        for (let k = 0; k + 1 < rowsAndEditors.length; k += 2) {
+          const row = rowsAndEditors[k];
+          rowsAndEditors[k + 1].style.display = 'none';
+          row.style.display = 'none';
+          if (!q || (row.dataset.search || '').includes(q)) visible.push(row);
+        }
+        const pages = Math.max(1, Math.ceil(visible.length / ISO_PAGE_SIZE));
+        if (isoPage >= pages) isoPage = pages - 1;
+        if (isoPage < 0) isoPage = 0;
+        visible.slice(isoPage * ISO_PAGE_SIZE, (isoPage + 1) * ISO_PAGE_SIZE)
+          .forEach(r => { r.style.display = ''; });
+        pagerInfo.textContent = visible.length
+          ? 'Showing ' + (isoPage * ISO_PAGE_SIZE + 1) + '–' +
+            Math.min(visible.length, (isoPage + 1) * ISO_PAGE_SIZE) + ' of ' + visible.length
+          : 'No images match';
+        prevBtn.disabled = isoPage === 0;
+        nextBtn.disabled = isoPage >= pages - 1;
+      }
+      const isoSearch = el('input', {type:'search', placeholder:'Filter images by name, type, or source',
+        spellcheck:'false', oninput: () => { isoPage = 0; applyIsoListView(); }});
       const isoTable = isos.length
         ? el('table', {}, [
             el('thead', {}, el('tr', {}, [
@@ -846,6 +939,13 @@
             el('tbody', {}, rowsAndEditors),
           ])
         : el('div', {class:'empty'}, 'No images yet. Upload an ISO or add an SMB share.');
+      // v0.7.4: pager footer, shown once the library outgrows one page.
+      const isoPager = isos.length > ISO_PAGE_SIZE
+        ? el('div', {class:'list-pager'}, [
+            pagerInfo, el('span', {class:'spacer'}), prevBtn, nextBtn,
+          ])
+        : null;
+      if (isos.length) applyIsoListView();
 
       // ── Remote shares section (v0.5.1) ──
       // SMB + NFS unified into one "Remote shares" card with a protocol
@@ -1172,7 +1272,10 @@
       unattFile.onchange = () => { if (unattFile.files[0]) uploadUnattended(unattFile.files[0]); };
 
       const unattRows = unattendedFiles.length
-        ? unattendedFiles.map(f => el('div', {class:'nfs-row'}, [
+        ? unattendedFiles.map(f => el('div', {
+            class:'nfs-row',
+            'data-search': (f.filename + ' ' + unattendedKindLabel(f.kind) + ' ' + f.id).toLowerCase(),
+          }, [
             el('span', {class:'dot ok'}),
             el('div', {}, [
               el('div', {class:'id'}, [
@@ -1200,6 +1303,17 @@
           ]),
           el('div', {class:'body'}, [
             unattDrop, unattFile, unattMsg,
+            // v0.7.2: filter for big answer-file libraries.
+            unattendedFiles.length > 1 ? (() => {
+              const search = el('input', {type:'search', placeholder:'Filter files by name or kind',
+                spellcheck:'false', oninput: () => {
+                  const q = search.value.trim().toLowerCase();
+                  unattRows.forEach(r => {
+                    r.style.display = (!q || (r.dataset.search || '').includes(q)) ? '' : 'none';
+                  });
+                }});
+              return el('label', {class:'field', style:'margin-top:14px;margin-bottom:0'}, search);
+            })() : null,
             el('div', {style:'margin-top:16px;display:grid;gap:8px'}, unattRows),
             el('p', {class:'msg', style:'margin-top:14px'},
               'These answer files drive unattended installs. Attach one to a ' +
@@ -1246,16 +1360,21 @@
             el('h2', {}, 'Available images'),
             el('span', {class:'sub'}, isos.length + ' image' + (isos.length === 1 ? '' : 's')),
           ]),
+          isos.length > 1
+            ? el('div', {class:'list-search'}, el('label', {class:'field', style:'margin-bottom:0'}, isoSearch))
+            : null,
           isoTable,
+          isoPager,
         ]),
       ]), unattendedAdvanced]);
     },
 
     hosts: async () => {
-      const [{ hosts = [] }, isos, bootLogRes, unattRes] = await Promise.all([
+      const [{ hosts = [] }, isos, bootLogRes, unattRes, rulesCfg] = await Promise.all([
         getJSON('/api/hosts'), getJSON('/api/isos'),
         getJSON('/api/boot-log').catch(() => ({ events: [] })),
         getJSON('/api/unattended').catch(() => ({ files: [] })),
+        getJSON('/api/boot-rules').catch(() => ({ rules: [], webhook_url: '' })),
       ]);
       const bootEvents = bootLogRes.events || [];
       const unattendedFiles = unattRes.files || [];
@@ -1270,8 +1389,22 @@
         {id: '_tools_menu',   title: '↳ Tools menu (built-in)'},
       ];
 
-      const macInput   = el('input', {type:'text', placeholder:'aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff', spellcheck:'false'});
+      const macInput   = el('input', {type:'text', placeholder:'aa:bb:cc:dd:ee:ff or aa:bb:cc', spellcheck:'false'});
       const labelInput = el('input', {type:'text', placeholder:'optional, e.g. "rack-3 spine"'});
+      // v0.7.2: the former separate "Boot rules" card folded into this
+      // form. A full MAC with no architecture saves a per-host pin
+      // exactly as before; a MAC *prefix* and/or an architecture saves a
+      // first-match-wins group rule instead. Same form, one mental model.
+      const archSel = el('select', {}, [
+        ['', 'any (this exact MAC)'], ['bios', 'BIOS'], ['uefi-x64', 'UEFI x64'],
+        ['uefi-ia32', 'UEFI IA32'], ['uefi-arm64', 'UEFI ARM64'],
+      ].map(([v, t]) => el('option', {value: v}, t)));
+      // v0.7.1's boot-binary pin keeps its home here too (auto = let the
+      // escalation ladder learn; shim = known Secure Boot fleet).
+      const binSel = el('select', {}, [
+        ['', 'auto (learn per machine)'], ['firmware', 'Firmware NIC'],
+        ['builtin', 'iPXE drivers'], ['shim', 'Secure Boot (shim)'],
+      ].map(([v, t]) => el('option', {value: v}, t)));
       const targetSel = el('select', {},
         [el('option', {value:''}, '— choose a target —')]
         .concat(reserved.map(t => el('option', {value: t.id}, t.title)))
@@ -1284,21 +1417,40 @@
       // hostname/IP templated into the served answer file.
       const profileFields = buildProfileFields({}, unattendedFiles, 'form-row cols-3');
 
+      const FULL_MAC = /^([0-9a-f]{2}[:-]){5}[0-9a-f]{2}$/i;
       const upsertBtn = el('button', {onclick: async () => {
-        if (!macInput.value || !targetSel.value) {
+        const mac = macInput.value.trim();
+        const isGroup = !!archSel.value || !!binSel.value || (mac !== '' && !FULL_MAC.test(mac));
+        if (!isGroup) {
+          // Exact-MAC pin — unchanged behavior.
+          if (!mac || !targetSel.value) {
             msg.textContent = 'MAC and target are required.'; msg.className = 'msg err'; return;
           }
           const r = await postJSON('/api/hosts', Object.assign({
-          mac: macInput.value, target: targetSel.value, label: labelInput.value,
+            mac, target: targetSel.value, label: labelInput.value,
           }, profileFields.read()));
-        if (r.ok) {
+          if (r.ok) { msg.textContent = 'Saved.'; msg.className = 'msg ok'; render('hosts'); }
-          msg.textContent = 'Saved.'; msg.className = 'msg ok';
+          else { msg.textContent = 'Save failed: ' + await r.text(); msg.className = 'msg err'; }
-          render('hosts');
+          return;
-        } else {
-          const t = await r.text();
-          msg.textContent = 'Save failed: ' + t; msg.className = 'msg err';
         }
-      }}, 'Bind MAC to target');
+        // Group rule (prefix and/or architecture). Per-host profile
+        // fields don't apply to a group — they're per-machine values.
+        if (!targetSel.value && !binSel.value) {
+          msg.textContent = 'A group rule needs a target or a boot binary.'; msg.className = 'msg err'; return;
+        }
+        const p = profileFields.read();
+        if (p.auto_hostname || p.auto_ip || p.unattended_file) {
+          msg.textContent = 'Auto-deploy fields are per-machine — clear them, or use a full MAC.'; msg.className = 'msg err'; return;
+        }
+        const cfg = await getJSON('/api/boot-rules').catch(() => ({rules: [], webhook_url: ''}));
+        (cfg.rules = cfg.rules || []).push({
+          mac_prefix: mac, arch: archSel.value, target: targetSel.value,
+          driver_mode: binSel.value, enabled: true, note: labelInput.value,
+        });
+        const r = await putJSON('/api/boot-rules', cfg);
+        if (r.ok) { msg.textContent = 'Group rule saved.'; msg.className = 'msg ok'; render('hosts'); }
+        else { msg.textContent = 'Save failed: ' + await r.text(); msg.className = 'msg err'; }
+      }}, 'Bind to target');
 
       const rows = hosts.map(h => {
         // v0.5.0: Wake-on-LAN. Only shown for bound hosts (this whole
@@ -1355,23 +1507,32 @@
         el('div', {class:'card'}, [
           el('header', {}, el('h2', {}, 'Pin MAC to boot target')),
           el('div', {class:'body'}, [
+            // v0.7.3: MAC · Label · Architecture · Boot binary share one
+            // 4-up row so the controls line up across the page; the
+            // per-field guidance that used to sit under them moved into the
+            // note below to keep the inputs flush. Target spans full width
+            // on its own line beneath them.
             el('div', {class:'form-row'}, [
-              el('label', {class:'field'}, [el('span', {class:'name'}, 'MAC address'), macInput]),
+              el('label', {class:'field'}, [el('span', {class:'name'}, 'MAC address or prefix'), macInput]),
               el('label', {class:'field'}, [el('span', {class:'name'}, 'Label (optional)'), labelInput]),
-              el('label', {class:'field', style:'grid-column:1 / -1'}, [
+              el('label', {class:'field'}, [el('span', {class:'name'}, 'Architecture (optional)'), archSel]),
+              el('label', {class:'field'}, [el('span', {class:'name'}, 'Boot binary (optional)'), binSel]),
+            ]),
+            el('label', {class:'field', style:'margin-top:14px'}, [
               el('span', {class:'name'}, 'Target'),
               targetSel,
-                el('span', {class:'hint'},
-                  'Built-in shortcuts skip the menu entirely. Per-ISO entries chain straight to the boot script.'),
-              ]),
             ]),
             el('div', {style:'margin-top:16px'}, profileFields.wrap),
             upsertBtn, msg,
             el('p', {class:'msg', style:'margin-top:14px'},
-              'When a client with a bound MAC requests boot.ipxe, OpenPXE ' +
+              'A full MAC pins one machine; a MAC prefix (OUI) or an architecture ' +
-              'short-circuits past the interactive menu and chains directly. ' +
+              'saves a first-match group rule. Pin the boot binary to “shim” for ' +
-              'If an unattended file is selected, the matching kernel argument ' +
+              'Secure Boot racks — zero failed boot cycles. When a matching client ' +
-              'is injected and the hostname/IP are templated into the answer file.'),
+              'requests boot.ipxe, OpenPXE short-circuits past the interactive menu ' +
+              'and chains directly; decision order is exact MAC pin → first matching ' +
+              'group rule → menu. If an unattended file is selected on a pin, the ' +
+              'matching kernel argument is injected and the hostname/IP are templated ' +
+              'into the answer file.'),
           ]),
         ]),
         el('div', {class:'card'}, [
@@ -1381,6 +1542,7 @@
           ]),
           table,
         ]),
+        groupRulesCard(rulesCfg, reserved.concat(targets)),
         el('div', {class:'card'}, [
           el('header', {}, [
             el('h2', {}, 'Host log'),
@@ -2057,9 +2219,24 @@
         el('div', {class:'about-hero'}, [
           el('h2', {}, 'OpenPXE'),
           el('p', {class:'lead'},
-            'Air-gapped network PXE boot, container-native, that anyone can run. ' +
+            'The network-boot platform for modern infrastructure. Drop in an ISO ' +
-            'No CDN calls, no telemetry, no surprise external dependencies — ship ' +
+            'and every machine on your network — BIOS, UEFI, Secure Boot — can ' +
-            'the image once, run it forever.'),
+            'boot it, image from it, and install unattended. One container, one ' +
+            'static binary, nothing installed on clients, nothing leaving your network.'),
+          el('div', {style:'display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:14px;margin:18px 0'}, [
+            ['Boot anything', 'Linux, Windows, hypervisors, rescue tools — uploaded ' +
+              'ISOs become menu entries automatically, served on demand from local ' +
+              'disk or your existing NFS, SMB, or SFTP libraries.'],
+            ['Adapt to every machine', 'Per-machine boot intelligence: firmware quirks, ' +
+              'NIC driver fallback, and a Microsoft-signed Secure Boot chain are ' +
+              'negotiated automatically and remembered — no toggles, no client prep.'],
+            ['Run it in production', 'SAML single sign-on, token-scoped answer files, ' +
+              'fleet routing rules, Wake-on-LAN, queued mass deployment, Prometheus ' +
+              'metrics. Built in Rust for boot infrastructure that cannot flinch.'],
+          ].map(([h, body]) => el('div', {}, [
+            el('h3', {style:'margin:0 0 6px;font-size:13.5px'}, h),
+            el('p', {class:'msg', style:'font-size:12px;margin:0'}, body),
+          ]))),
           el('div', {class:'who'}, [
             el('span', {}, 'Developer: '), el('strong', {}, 'Miles Ward'), el('br'),
             el('span', {}, 'Version: '), el('strong', {}, status.version || '?'), el('br'),
@@ -2070,15 +2247,16 @@
           ]),
           el('div', {style:'margin-top:18px'}, [updBtn, updMsg]),
           el('p', {class:'msg', style:'margin-top:18px'},
-            'iPXE is an internal implementation detail. Everything the firmware ' +
+            'Private by design: no telemetry, no CDN calls, no runtime ' +
-            'executes is generated from the settings on these tabs — there is no ' +
+            'dependencies on the outside world. Air-gapped labs, customer sites ' +
-            'hand-written .ipxe path anywhere in this product.'),
+            'without internet, and locked-down OpenShift clusters run the same ' +
+            'image, the same way, indefinitely.'),
           el('p', {class:'msg'},
-            'Vision: a deployment-grade tool that works on first try in the most ' +
+            'Principled by default: OpenPXE never asks an operator to install ' +
-            'awkward environments — air-gapped labs, customer sites without ' +
+            'test-signed drivers, modify a client’s trust store, or weaken ' +
-            'internet, OpenShift clusters with strict SCCs — without ever asking ' +
+            'Secure Boot. Everything the firmware executes is generated from the ' +
-            'an operator to install drivers signed with test certificates or to ' +
+            'settings on these tabs — there are no hand-written boot scripts to ' +
-            'flip "testsigning" on a target machine.'),
+            'maintain and no internals to learn.'),
         ]),
       ]);
 

deploy/docker/Dockerfile

@@ -23,11 +23,19 @@ ARG RUST_VERSION=1.95
 # and serve as the baseline that the PNG-enabled x86_64/arm64 UEFI
 # binaries from the `ipxe-build` stage overlay on top of.
 FROM debian:12-slim AS fetch
-RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends curl ca-certificates \
+# rpm2cpio + cpio: extract Fedora's Microsoft-signed shim/GRUB RPMs for
+# the Secure Boot chain (v0.7.0, scripts/fetch-shim.sh).
+RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \
+        curl ca-certificates rpm2cpio cpio \
  && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
 WORKDIR /src
 COPY scripts/fetch-ipxe.sh scripts/fetch-ipxe.sh
+COPY scripts/fetch-shim.sh scripts/fetch-shim.sh
 RUN mkdir -p assets/ipxe && bash scripts/fetch-ipxe.sh
+# Signed shim+GRUB (Secure Boot escalation rung). Redistributed
+# unmodified from the official Fedora packages — see fetch-shim.sh for
+# the trust model.
+RUN bash scripts/fetch-shim.sh /src/assets/ipxe
 
 ########## build PNG-enabled iPXE from source ##########
 # v0.4.69: THE graphical-boot-menu unlock. iVentoy paints a PNG

scripts/build-ipxe.sh

@@ -41,15 +41,31 @@ DEST="${1:-$ROOT/assets/ipxe}"
 WORK="$(mktemp -d)"
 trap 'rm -rf "$WORK"' EXIT
 
-# Pinned upstream iPXE. Rolling master is fine functionally, but a pin
+# Pinned upstream iPXE. Rolling master is fine functionally, but a pin keeps
-# keeps builds reproducible and protects against a transient master
+# builds reproducible, protects against a transient master breakage, and —
-# breakage. Bump deliberately.
+# crucially for the Docker image — busting this value invalidates the cached
+# ipxe-build layer so an "update iPXE" release actually recompiles from the
+# new upstream. Bump deliberately to a recent master commit.
+#
+# v0.6.1: ipxe/ipxe master @ 2026-06-09 (newer NIC drivers + EFI fixes;
+# mirrors iVentoy 1.0.35 "Update iPXE").
 IPXE_REPO="https://github.com/ipxe/ipxe.git"
-IPXE_REF="${IPXE_REF:-master}"
+IPXE_REF="${IPXE_REF:-95ffbf4745553e8a207922389929e1943c0237c0}"
 
-echo ">> cloning iPXE ($IPXE_REF)"
+echo ">> fetching iPXE ($IPXE_REF)"
-git clone --depth 1 --branch "$IPXE_REF" "$IPXE_REPO" "$WORK/ipxe" 2>/dev/null \
+# Shallow-fetch the exact ref: works for a full commit SHA (GitHub allows
-  || git clone "$IPXE_REPO" "$WORK/ipxe"
+# reachable-SHA1-in-want) and for branch/tag names. Fall back to a full
+# clone + checkout if the server refuses a direct fetch of this ref.
+git init -q "$WORK/ipxe"
+git -C "$WORK/ipxe" remote add origin "$IPXE_REPO"
+if git -C "$WORK/ipxe" fetch -q --depth 1 origin "$IPXE_REF"; then
+  git -C "$WORK/ipxe" checkout -q FETCH_HEAD
+else
+  echo "   direct fetch failed; falling back to full clone + checkout"
+  rm -rf "$WORK/ipxe"
+  git clone -q "$IPXE_REPO" "$WORK/ipxe"
+  git -C "$WORK/ipxe" checkout -q "$IPXE_REF"
+fi
 SRC="$WORK/ipxe/src"
 
 echo ">> applying OpenPXE config overrides (PNG + framebuffer + console cmd)"

scripts/fetch-ipxe.sh

@@ -29,11 +29,19 @@ mkdir -p "$DEST"
 # Upstream uses arch-scoped subdirectories; we flatten to the names our
 # ClientArch::ipxe_bootfile() expects.
 declare -a MAP=(
+  # DriverMode::Firmware (default) — reuse the firmware UNDI/SNP NIC stack.
   "undionly.kpxe=undionly.kpxe"
   "snponly.efi=x86_64-efi/snponly.efi"
   "snponly-i386.efi=i386-efi/snponly.efi"
   "snponly-arm64.efi=arm64-efi/snponly.efi"
-  "ipxe.efi=x86_64-efi/ipxe.efi"          # fallback with bundled drivers
+  # DriverMode::Builtin (v0.6.1 automatic fallback) — iPXE's own all-drivers
+  # builds, advertised by the DHCP proxy to a MAC whose firmware NIC stack
+  # failed to chainload. (x86_64 ipxe.efi is rebuilt from source with PNG in
+  # build-ipxe.sh and overlaid on top of this fetched baseline.)
+  "ipxe.efi=x86_64-efi/ipxe.efi"
+  "ipxe.pxe=ipxe.pxe"
+  "ipxe-i386.efi=i386-efi/ipxe.efi"
+  "ipxe-arm64.efi=arm64-efi/ipxe.efi"
 )
 
 BASE="https://boot.ipxe.org"

scripts/fetch-shim.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Fetch Fedora's Microsoft-signed Secure Boot chain — shim + GRUB — and
+# place the EFI binaries under assets/ipxe/ with the filenames OpenPXE's
+# DriverMode::Shim mapping expects:
+#
+#   shimx64.efi    x86_64: Microsoft-signed shim (first stage)
+#   grubx64.efi    x86_64: Fedora-signed GRUB (loaded by shim, fetches
+#                  the server-rendered grub.cfg over TFTP/HTTP)
+#   shimaa64.efi   arm64 equivalents (best-effort — see below)
+#   grubaa64.efi
+#
+# Why Fedora: a supply-chain decision made deliberately (v0.7.0) — one
+# vendor, fast security turnaround, and the same chain most netboot
+# projects redistribute. The binaries are extracted from the official
+# distro RPMs and shipped BYTE-FOR-BYTE UNMODIFIED; their signatures are
+# what make the chain work, and modifying them would break it. This is
+# the standard documented netboot path for Secure Boot (Red Hat
+# Satellite, SUSE HTTPBoot) and involves no test certificates and no
+# client trust-store changes.
+#
+# Trust model matches fetch-ipxe.sh: HTTPS to the official distribution
+# point, no sha pinning because we track the latest signed build (which
+# rotates on SBAT revocations — pinning would mean shipping revoked
+# shims). Mirror to your own artifact store for deterministic builds.
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+ROOT="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")/.." && pwd)"
+DEST="${1:-$ROOT/assets/ipxe}"
+mkdir -p "$DEST"
+
+FEDORA_RELEASE="${FEDORA_RELEASE:-43}"
+BASE="${FEDORA_MIRROR:-https://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/$FEDORA_RELEASE/Everything}"
+
+WORK="$(mktemp -d)"
+trap 'rm -rf "$WORK"' EXIT
+
+# Find the newest RPM in a repo directory whose name starts with
+# `$pattern` followed by a version digit (anchoring on the digit keeps
+# `grub2-efi-x64` from matching `grub2-efi-x64-cdboot`).
+latest_rpm() {
+  local dir_url="$1" pattern="$2"
+  curl -fsSL "$dir_url/" \
+    | grep -oE "href=\"${pattern}-[0-9][^\"]*\.rpm\"" \
+    | sed 's/^href="//; s/"$//' \
+    | sort -V | tail -1
+}
+
+# fetch_chain <repo-arch> <shim-pkg> <grub-pkg> <shim-out> <grub-out> <hard|soft>
+fetch_chain() {
+  local arch="$1" shim_pkg="$2" grub_pkg="$3" shim_out="$4" grub_out="$5" mode="$6"
+  local pkg_base="$BASE/$arch/os/Packages"
+  local sdir="$pkg_base/${shim_pkg:0:1}" gdir="$pkg_base/${grub_pkg:0:1}"
+
+  local shim_rpm grub_rpm
+  shim_rpm="$(latest_rpm "$sdir" "$shim_pkg" || true)"
+  grub_rpm="$(latest_rpm "$gdir" "$grub_pkg" || true)"
+  if [ -z "$shim_rpm" ] || [ -z "$grub_rpm" ]; then
+    echo "!! could not locate $shim_pkg/$grub_pkg RPMs under $pkg_base"
+    [ "$mode" = "hard" ] && exit 2
+    echo "   skipping $arch Secure Boot chain (best-effort)"
+    return 0
+  fi
+
+  echo ">> $arch: $shim_rpm + $grub_rpm"
+  local exdir="$WORK/$arch"
+  mkdir -p "$exdir"
+  curl -fsSL -o "$exdir/shim.rpm" "$sdir/$shim_rpm"
+  curl -fsSL -o "$exdir/grub.rpm" "$gdir/$grub_rpm"
+  ( cd "$exdir" \
+    && rpm2cpio shim.rpm | cpio -idm --quiet "./boot/efi/EFI/*/$shim_out" \
+    && rpm2cpio grub.rpm | cpio -idm --quiet "./boot/efi/EFI/*/$grub_out" )
+
+  local shim_path grub_path
+  shim_path="$(find "$exdir/boot" -name "$shim_out" | head -1)"
+  grub_path="$(find "$exdir/boot" -name "$grub_out" | head -1)"
+  if [ -z "$shim_path" ] || [ -z "$grub_path" ]; then
+    echo "!! RPM layout changed — $shim_out/$grub_out not found inside the packages"
+    [ "$mode" = "hard" ] && exit 2
+    return 0
+  fi
+  cp "$shim_path" "$DEST/$shim_out"
+  cp "$grub_path" "$DEST/$grub_out"
+  echo "   installed $shim_out + $grub_out"
+}
+
+# x86_64 is the headline Secure Boot audience — fail the build if it
+# can't be assembled so a regression is loud, not silent.
+fetch_chain x86_64 shim-x64 grub2-efi-x64 shimx64.efi grubx64.efi hard
+# arm64 is best-effort: skipping just means no Shim escalation rung for
+# that arch (logged at startup by ipxe-assets::log_availability).
+fetch_chain aarch64 shim-aa64 grub2-efi-aa64 shimaa64.efi grubaa64.efi soft
+
+echo
+echo "Secure Boot chain assets now in $DEST:"
+ls -lh "$DEST"/shim*.efi "$DEST"/grub*.efi 2>/dev/null || true